Memory voltage regulator with leakage current voltage control

• US 8,537,625 B2
• Filed: 03/10/2011
• Issued: 09/17/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 03/10/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NXP USA, Inc. (NXP Semiconductors NV)
• Original Assignee: Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. (NXP Semiconductors NV)
• Inventors: Ramaraju, Ravindraraj, Zhang, Shayan, Burch, Kenneth R., Seaberg, Charles E., Russell, Andrew C.
• Primary Examiner(s): NGUYEN, TAN
• Application Number:
  US13/045,294
• Publication Number:
  US 20120230126A1
• Time in Patent Office: 922 Days
• Field of Search: 365/210.12
• US Class Current: 365/189.06
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 11/412 using field-effect transistors only
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 11/417 for memory cells of the field-effect type
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 29/021 in voltage or current generators
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 29/028 with adaption or trimming of parameters
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 5/147 Voltage reference generators, voltage or current regulators; Internally lowered supply levels; Compensation for voltage drops G11C5/141 takes precedence

Abstract

A voltage regulator for a memory that regulates a voltage provided to the memory cells based on a measured leakage current from a second set of memory cells. In one embodiment, based on the measured leakage current, the voltage to the cells is raised or lowered to control the amount of leakage current from the cells.

Claims

1. A circuit comprising:

a first plurality of memory cells, each memory cell of the first plurality of memory cells including a voltage supply terminal coupled to a regulated node;

a second plurality of memory cells;

a voltage regulator coupled to the regulated node to control a voltage of the regulated node, the voltage regulator comprising;

a leakage current measuring circuit, the leakage current measuring circuit including a reference node for providing a measuring voltage that is dependent upon a measured leakage current of the second plurality of memory cells, wherein the voltage regulator uses the measuring voltage in controlling the voltage of the regulated node;

a regulating transistor having a first current terminal coupled to the regulated node and a second current terminal coupled to a power supply node;

an operational amplifier circuit including an inverting input coupled to the reference node, a non-inverting input coupled to the regulated node, and an output coupled to a control terminal of the regulating transistor.

2. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the voltage regulator includes a voltage offset generator coupled between the reference node and the inverting input to provide a positive voltage differential at the inverting input with respect to the reference node.

3. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the voltage regulator further comprises:

an enablement transistor having a first current terminal coupled to the reference node, a second current terminal coupled to the power supply node, and the control terminal for receiving an enable signal, when the enable signal is at a first state, the enablement transistor is conductive to pull the measuring voltage to the voltage of the power supply node regardless of the measuring voltage;

wherein the second plurality of memory cells are used to store retrievable data.

4. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the second plurality of memory cells are dummy memory cells.

5. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the voltage supply terminal of each of the first plurality of memory cells is characterized as a low voltage terminal of the each memory cell.

6. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the each of the first plurality of memory cells is characterized as an SRAM memory cell.

7. A circuit comprising:

a first plurality of memory cells, each memory cell of the first plurality of memory cells including a voltage supply terminal coupled to a regulated node;

a second plurality of memory cells;

a voltage regulator coupled to the regulated node to control a voltage of the regulated node, the voltage regulator comprising;

a leakage current measuring circuit, the leakage current measuring circuit including a reference node for providing a measuring voltage that is dependent upon a measured leakage current of the second plurality of memory cells, wherein the voltage regulator uses the measuring voltage in controlling the voltage of the regulated node;

wherein the second plurality of memory cells are usable to store retrievable data.

8. A circuit comprising:

a first plurality of memory cells, each memory cell of the first plurality of memory cells including a voltage supply terminal coupled to a regulated node;

a second plurality of memory cells;

a voltage regulator coupled to the regulated node to control a voltage of the regulated node, the voltage regulator comprising;

a leakage current measuring circuit, the leakage current measuring circuit including a reference node for providing a measuring voltage that is dependent upon a measured leakage current of the second plurality of memory cells, wherein the voltage regulator uses the measuring voltage in controlling the voltage of the regulated node;

a voltage clamp coupled to the reference node for preventing the measuring voltage of the reference node form rising above a particular value.

9. The circuit of claim 8 wherein the voltage regulator further comprises:

a regulating transistor having a first current terminal coupled to the regulated node and a second current terminal coupled to a power supply node;

an operational amplifier circuit including an inverting input coupled to the reference node, a non-inverting input coupled to the regulated node, and an output coupled to a control terminal of the regulating transistor.

10. A circuit comprising:

a first plurality of memory cells, each memory cell of the first plurality of memory cells including a voltage supply terminal coupled to a regulated node;

a second plurality of memory cells;

a voltage regulator coupled to the regulated node to control a voltage of the regulated node, the voltage regulator comprising;

a leakage current measuring circuit, the leakage current measuring circuit including a reference node for providing a measuring voltage that is dependent upon a measured leakage current of the second plurality of memory cells, wherein the voltage regulator uses the measuring voltage in controlling the voltage of the regulated node;

at least one switch for selectively coupling at least some of the second plurality of memory cells to the reference node in a first switch position and for coupling the at least some of the second plurality of memory cells to the regulated node in a second switch position.

11. A circuit comprising:

a first plurality of memory cells, each memory cell of the first plurality of memory cells including a voltage supply terminal coupled to a regulated node;

a second plurality of memory cells;

a voltage regulator coupled to the regulated node to control a voltage of the regulated node, the voltage regulator comprising;

a leakage current measuring circuit, the leakage current measuring circuit including a reference node for providing a measuring voltage that is dependent upon a measured leakage current of the second plurality of memory cells, wherein the voltage regulator uses the measuring voltage in controlling the voltage of the regulated node;

an enablement transistor having a first current terminal coupled to the regulated node, a second current electrode coupled to a power supply terminal, and a control terminal for receiving an enablement signal that when in a first state, makes the enablement transistor conductive to pull a voltage of the regulated node to a voltage of the power supply node regardless of the measuring voltage.

12. The circuit of claim 11 wherein the enablement transistor is conductive when a cell of the first plurality of memory cells is being accessed and is non-conductive when no cell of the first plurality of memory cell is being accessed.

13. A circuit comprising:

a first plurality of memory cells, each memory cell of the first plurality of memory cells including a voltage supply terminal coupled to a regulated node;

a second plurality of memory cells;

a voltage regulator coupled to the regulated node to control a voltage of the regulated node, the voltage regulator comprising;

a leakage current measuring circuit, the leakage current measuring circuit including a reference node for providing a measuring voltage that is dependent upon a measured leakage current of the second plurality of memory cells, wherein the voltage regulator uses the measuring voltage in controlling the voltage of the regulated node;

a resistive circuit having one terminal connected to the reference node and a second terminal connected to a power supply terminal, wherein the measuring voltage is determined by the measured leakage current from the second plurality of memory cells flowing though the resistive circuit.

14. The circuit of claim 13 wherein the voltage regulator further comprises:

a regulating transistor having a first current terminal coupled to the regulated node and a second current terminal coupled to a power supply node;

an operational amplifier circuit including an inverting input coupled to the reference node, a non-inverting input coupled to the regulated node, and an output coupled to a control terminal of the regulating transistor.

15. The circuit of claim 13 wherein the resistive circuit is a programmable.

16. A circuit comprising:

a first plurality of memory cells, each memory cell of the first plurality of memory cells including a voltage supply terminal coupled to a regulated node;

a second plurality of memory cells;

a voltage regulator coupled to the regulated node to control the voltage of the regulated node to control the voltages across the cells of the first plurality of memory cells, the voltage regulator comprising;

a leakage current measuring circuit, the leakage current measuring circuit including a reference node for providing a measuring voltage that is dependent upon a measured leakage current of the second plurality of memory cells, wherein the voltage regulator uses the measuring voltage in controlling the voltages across the cells of the first plurality of memory cells to control the leakage current of the first plurality of memory cells;

a regulating transistor having a first current terminal coupled to the regulated node and a second current terminal coupled to a power supply node;

an operational amplifier circuit including an inverting input coupled to the reference node, a non-inverting input coupled to the regulated node, and an output coupled to a control terminal of the regulating transistor.

17. The circuit of claim 16 wherein the memory cells of the first plurality of memory cells are characterized as SRAM cells.

18. The circuit of claim 16 wherein the memory cells of the first plurality of memory cells each include a pair of cross coupled inventers with a high voltage terminal and a low voltage terminal, where the voltage across a cell is characterized by a voltage differential between the high voltage terminal and the low voltage terminal.

19. The circuit of claim 16 wherein the second plurality of memory cells are dummy memory cells.

20. A circuit comprising:

a first plurality of memory cells, each memory cell of the first plurality of memory cells including a voltage supply terminal coupled to a regulated node;

a second plurality of memory cells;

a voltage regulator coupled to the regulated node to control the voltage of the regulated node to control the voltages across the cells of the first plurality of memory cells, the voltage regulator comprising;

a leakage current measuring circuit, the leakage current measuring circuit including a reference node for providing a measuring voltage that is dependent upon a measured leakage current of the second plurality of memory cells, wherein the voltage regulator uses the measuring voltage in controlling the voltages across the cells of the first plurality of memory cells to control the leakage current of the first plurality of memory cells;

wherein the second plurality of memory cells are usable to store retrievable data.

21. The circuit of claim 20 wherein the voltage regulator further comprises:

a regulating transistor having a first current terminal coupled to the regulated node and a second current terminal coupled to a power supply node;

an operational amplifier circuit including an inverting input coupled to the reference node, a non-inverting input coupled to the regulated node, and an output coupled to a control terminal of the regulating transistor.