Liquid composite compositions using non-volatile liquids and nanoparticles and uses thereof

• US 8,540,899 B2
• Filed: 02/07/2008
• Issued: 09/24/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 02/07/2007
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: eSionic Corp. (MKS Instruments Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: eSionic ES, Inc. (MKS Instruments Incorporated)
• Inventors: Miller, Seth A.
• Primary Examiner(s): MC GINTY, DOUGLAS J
• Application Number:
  US12/027,924
• Publication Number:
  US 20080209876A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,056 Days
• Field of Search: 252/500, 252/364
• US Class Current: 252/500
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/326 in electrochemical cells
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 69/148 Organic/inorganic mixed matrix membranes
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 1/06 Applying particulate materials
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 1/10 Applying particulate materials
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 1/12 Applying particulate materials B05D1/06, B05D1/10 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 1/18 performed by dipping
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 1/24 Applying particulate materials
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 5/12 to obtain a coating with specific electrical properties
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 7/24 for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 3/00 Materials not provided for elsewhere
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 13/0009 RRAM elements whose operation depends upon chemical change
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 13/02 using elements whose operation depends upon chemical change G11C13/0009 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 25/00 Digital stores characterised by the use of flowing media; Storage elements therefor
• CPC Class Codes: H01B 1/00 Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/56 Solid electrolytes, e.g. gels; Additives therein
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/58 Liquid electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/60 characterised by the solvent
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/64 characterised by additives
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0565 Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 14/005 : Photoelectrochemical storage cells light sensitive devices H01G9/20, semiconductors sensitive to light H01L31/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0085 : Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0091 : in the form of mixtures
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0094 : in the form of layered products, e.g. coatings
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/00 : Electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 : Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/13 : Energy storage using capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/25 : Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles

Abstract

A solvent composition comprising an organic solvent; dispersed nanoparticles; and a non-volatile electrolyte.

Claims

1. A solvent composition comprising:

a) an organic solvent;

b) nanoparticles, said nanoparticles each having at least one dimension less than 25 nm and being dispersed individually in the solvent composition; and

c) a non-volatile electrolyte

wherein the nanoparticles have a surface that prevents substantial aggregation of the nanoparticles in the presence of the non-volatile electrolyte, and the solvent composition contains at least 20 wt. % of the dispersed nanoparticles.

2. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said non-volatile electrolyte comprises an ionic liquid.

3. A composition according to claim 1 wherein non-volatile electrolyte comprises a poly(glycol).

4. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said organic solvent is a polar organic solvent.

5. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said nanoparticles have a surface with a pH of below 7 when in water.

6. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said nanoparticles comprise acidic silicon dioxide.

7. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said nanoparticles comprise a core and a shell, and said shell comprises silicon dioxide.

8. A composition according to claim 7, wherein said core is a material different from the shell.

9. A composition according to claim 1 further comprising at least one reactive agent.

10. A composition according to claim 9 wherein said reactive agent is a crosslinking agent.

11. A composition according to claim 9 wherein said reactive agent is a monomer.

12. The composition according to claim 1 wherein at least some of the organic solvent is removed to form an electrolyte composition.

13. The electrolyte composition according to claim 12 wherein the composition is a single phase liquid or homogeneous gel.

14. The composition according to claim 13 wherein the single phase liquid or homogeneous gel contains at least about 40 wt. % of the dispersed nanoparticles.

15. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said nanoparticles have at least one dimension in the range of 10 - 15 nm.