Method for making a composite material, composite material and end product

• US 8,541,090 B2
• Filed: 01/28/2011
• Issued: 09/24/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 01/28/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Stichting Nationaal Lucht- EN Ruimtevaartlaboratorium
• Original Assignee: Stichting Nationaal Lucht- EN Ruimtevaartlaboratorium
• Inventors: Nagelsmit, Martin Herman, Thuis, Hubertus Gerardus Stephanus Jozef, Wildvank, Willem Antonius Roy, Kassapoglou, Christos, Grdal, Zafer
• Primary Examiner(s): Sample, David
• Assistant Examiner(s): Gugliotta, Nicole T
• Application Number:
  US13/522,976
• Publication Number:
  US 20120321838A1
• Time in Patent Office: 970 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 428/109
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 70/202 arranged in parallel planes or structures of fibres crossing at substantial angles, e.g. cross-moulding compound [XMC] B29C70/207 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 70/386 Automated tape laying [ATL]
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2250/20 All layers being fibrous or filamentary
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/50 having particular mechanical properties
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/04 as impregnant, bonding, or embedding substance not used
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/12 next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 3/14 characterised by a face layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side B32B5/02 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 3/18 characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side B32B5/02 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/12 characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/26 another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers B32B5/12
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/28 impregnated with or embedded in a plastic substance not used
• CPC Class Codes: D04H 3/04 in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/1314 Contains fabric, fiber particle, or filament made of glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal oxide, or metal carbide or other inorganic compound [e.g., fiber glass, mineral fiber, sand, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/1362 Textile, fabric, cloth, or pile containing [e.g., web, net, woven, knitted, mesh, nonwoven, matted, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/1369 Fiber or fibers wound around each other or into a self-sustaining shape [e.g., yarn, braid, fibers shaped around a core, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24091 with additional layer[s]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24132 including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in different layers or components parallel
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249922 Embodying intertwined or helical component[s]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2936 Wound or wrapped core or coating [i.e., spiral or helical]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2938 Coating on discrete and individual rods, strands or filaments

Abstract

A method is presented for making a composite material from strips comprising longitudinal fibers and a binder or resin, which material comprises a number of layer assemblies one on top of the other. Each layer assembly comprises m sets (with m at least 2) of parallel strips each extending in a different direction, Each layer assembly is manufactured by successive steps of depositing groups of parallel strips according to a well defined pattern (without longitudinally interweaving strips with previously deposited strips). Before completing a layer assembly, with the exception of the last layer assembly, by depositing its last group of parallel strips, the first group of parallel strips of the following layer assembly is already deposited. A composite material manufactured with such a method is presented too.

Claims

1. Method for making a composite material from strips comprising longitudinal fibers and a binder or resin, which material comprises a number of layer assemblies one on top of the other, wherein each layer assembly comprises m sets, m being equal to or greater than 2, of parallel strips each extending in a different direction and wherein each layer assembly is manufactured by the successive steps of:

a. depositing, as part of a first set of strips, a first group of parallel strips side by side at a predetermined spacing;

b. depositing, as part of a second set of strips, on top of the first group of strips, a second group of parallel strips side by side at said predetermined spacing and each extending at an angle different from 180°

with respect to the strips of the first group;

c. repeating step b. for all remaining sets of the m sets of strips, wherein the strips deposited as part of each next set of parallel strips are deposited at an angle different from 180°

with respect to the strips of all the previous sets;

d. positioning, as a further part of the first set of strips, on top of the previously deposited groups of strips, a next group of parallel strips side by side at said predetermined spacing, in parallel to and immediately adjacent to the strips of the first group;

e. positioning, as a further part of the second set of strips, on top of the previously deposited groups of strips, a next group of parallel strips side by side at said predetermined spacing, in parallel to and immediately adjacent to the strips of the second group;

f. repeating step e. for all remaining sets of the m sets of strips;

g. repeating the steps d. to f. until a last group of parallel strips is deposited as part of the last set of strips such that all the predetermined spacings are completely occupied by adjacently positioned strips and a layer assembly is completed,

and wherein, before completing a layer assembly, with the exception of the last layer assembly, by depositing its last group of parallel strips during the respective step g, the first group of parallel strips of the following layer assembly is deposited in accordance with the respective step a.

2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the strips of the first group of parallel strips of the following layer assembly are deposited at an angle with respect to the strips of the last group of parallel strips of the previous layer assembly.

3. Method according to claim 1, wherein the strips of each group are deposited at a spacing substantially equal to an integer multiple n of the strip width and wherein step g. comprises repeating the steps d.to f. n−

1 times.

4. Method according to claim 3, wherein the strips of each group are deposited at a spacing substantially equal to the strip width and wherein step g is omitted.

5. Method according to claim 1, wherein at least one layer assembly comprises only two sets (m=2) of parallel strips.

6. Method according to claim 1, wherein at least one layer assembly comprises four sets (m=4) of parallel strips.

7. Method according to claim 1, wherein all the layer assemblies basically comprise the same number and arrangement of sets of strips.

16. Method according to claim 5, wherein the only two sets of parallel strips extend orthogonally to each other.

17. Method according to claim 6, wherein the four sets of parallel strips extend at 45°

, 90°

and −

45°

with respect to each other.

8. Composite material made from strips comprising longitudinal fibers and a binder or resin, which material comprises a number of layer assemblies one on top of the other, wherein each layer assembly comprises m sets, m being equal to or greater than 2, of parallel strips each extending in a different direction, with

a. a first group of parallel strips deposited side by side at a predetermined spacing;

b. on top of the first group of strips, a second group of parallel strips deposited side by side at said predetermined spacing and each extending at an angle different from 180°

with respect to the strips of the first group;

c. a repetition of groups according to b. for all remaining sets of the m sets of strips, wherein the strips deposited as part of each next set of parallel strips are deposited at an angle different from 180°

with respect to the strips of all the previous sets;

d. on top of the previously deposited groups of strips, a next group of parallel strips deposited side by side at said predetermined spacing, in parallel to and immediately adjacent to the strips of the first group;

e. on top of the previously deposited groups of strips, a next group of parallel strips deposited side by side at said predetermined spacing, in parallel to and immediately adjacent to the strips of the second group;

f. a repetition of groups according to e. for all remaining sets of the m sets of strips;

g. a repetition of groups according to d. to f. until a last group of parallel strips is deposited such that all the predetermined spacings are completely occupied by adjacently positioned strips,

and wherein the first group of parallel strips according to a. of a following layer assembly is deposited below the last group of parallel strips according to g of a previous layer assembly.

9. Composite material according to claim 8, wherein the strips of the first group of parallel strips of the following layer extend at an angle with respect to the strips of the last group of parallel strips of the previous layer assembly.

10. Composite material according to claim 8, wherein the strips of each group are deposited at a spacing substantially equal to an integer multiple n of the strip width.

11. Composite material according to claim 8, wherein the strips of each group are deposited at a spacing substantially equal to the strip width.

12. Composite material according to claim 8, wherein at least one layer assembly comprises only two sets (m=2) of parallel strips.

13. Composite material according to claim 8, wherein at least one layer assembly comprises four sets (m=4) of parallel strips.

14. Composite material according to claim 8, wherein all the layer assemblies comprise the same number and arrangement of sets of strips.

18. Composite material according to claim 12, wherein the only two sets of parallel strips extend orthogonally to each other.

19. Composite material according to claim 13, wherein the four sets of parallel strips extend at 45°

, 90°

and −

45°

with respect to each other.

15. End product comprising composite material made from strips comprising longitudinal fibers and a binder or resin, which material comprises a number of layer assemblies one on top of the other,

wherein each layer assembly comprises m sets, m being equal to or greater than 2, of parallel strips each extending in a different direction, with

a. a first group of parallel strips deposited side by side at a predetermined spacing;

b. on top of the first group of strips, a second group of parallel strips deposited side by side at said predetermined spacing and each extending at an angle different from 180°

with respect to the strips of the first group;

c. a repetition of groups according to b. for all remaining sets of the m sets of strips, wherein the strips deposited as part of each next set of parallel strips are deposited at an angle different from 180°

with respect to the strips of all the previous sets;

d. on top of the previously deposited groups of strips, a next group of parallel strips deposited side by side at said predetermined spacing, in parallel to and immediately adjacent to the strips of the first group;

e. on top of the previously deposited groups of strips, a next group of parallel strips deposited side by side at said predetermined spacing, in parallel to and immediately adjacent to the strips of the second group;

f. a repetition of groups according to e. for all remaining sets of the m sets of strips;

g. a repetition of groups according to d. to f. until a last group of parallel strips is deposited such that all the predetermined spacings are completely occupied by adjacently positioned strips,

and wherein the first group of parallel strips according to a. of a following layer assembly is deposited below the last group of parallel strips according to g of a previous layer assembly.

20. End product according to claim 15, wherein at least one layer assembly comprises only two sets (m=2) of parallel strips extending orthogonally to each other or four sets (m=4) of parallel strips extending at 45°

, 90°

and −

45°

with respect to each other.