Highly selective chemical and biological sensors
First Claim
1. A sensor, comprising:
- a single resonant inductor-capacitor-resistor (LCR) circuit; and
a sensing material disposed over at least a portion of the single LCR circuit, wherein the sensing material is configured to allow selective detection of at least six different analyte fluids from an analyzed fluid mixture.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Methods and sensors for selective fluid sensing are provided. Each sensor includes a resonant inductor-capacitor-resistor (LCR) sensor that is coated with a sensing material. In order to collect data, an impedance spectrum is acquired over a relatively narrow frequency range, such as the resonant frequency range of the LCR circuit. A multivariate signature may be calculated from the acquired spectrum to discern the presence of certain fluids and/or fluid mixtures. The presence of fluids is detected by measuring the changes in dielectric, dimensional, resistance, charge transfer, and other changes in the properties of the materials employed by observing the changes in the resonant electronic properties of the circuit. By using a mathematical procedure, such as principal components analysis (PCA) and others, multiple fluids and mixtures can be detected in the presence of one another, even in a high humidity environment or an environment wherein one or more fluids has a substantially higher concentration (e.g. 10×, 1,000,000×) compared to other components in the mixture.
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Citations
40 Claims
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1. A sensor, comprising:
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a single resonant inductor-capacitor-resistor (LCR) circuit; and a sensing material disposed over at least a portion of the single LCR circuit, wherein the sensing material is configured to allow selective detection of at least six different analyte fluids from an analyzed fluid mixture. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A sensor, comprising:
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a resonant inductor-capacitor-resistor (LCR) circuit; and a sensing material disposed over at least a portion of the LCR circuit, wherein the sensing material is configured to allow selective detection of at least six different analyte fluids from an analyzed fluid mixture, wherein the sensing material comprises composite sensing material comprising a plurality of individual sensing materials that are homogeneously or inhomogeneously mixed or locally patterned over specific portions of the LCR circuit such that each of the plurality of individual sensing materials is arranged to respond to analytes by predominantly different response mechanisms, and wherein the composite sensing material phase-separate due to hydrophylic/hydrophobic interactions, mutual immiscibility, or formed as sectors of individual materials deposited adjacent to each other onto a single sensor, or as formed as layers of individual materials deposited on top of each other onto a single sensor. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
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30. A sensor, comprising:
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a resonant inductor-capacitor-resistor (LCR) circuit; and a sensing material disposed over at least a portion of the LCR circuit, wherein the sensing material is configured to allow selective detection of at least six different analyte fluids from an analyzed fluid mixture, wherein the sensor is configured to sense a first fluid in the analyzed fluid in the presence of a second fluid in the analyzed fluid, and wherein a concentration of the second fluid is at least 1 million times greater than a concentration of the first fluid. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40)
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Specification