Systems and methods to coordinate transmissions in distributed wireless systems via user clustering

• US 8,542,763 B2
• Filed: 11/01/2010
• Issued: 09/24/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 04/02/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Rearden, LLC
• Original Assignee: Rearden, LLC
• Inventors: Forenza, Antonio, Lindskog, Erik, Perlman, Stephen G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kim, Kevin
• Application Number:
  US12/917,257
• Publication Number:
  US 20110044193A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,058 Days
• Field of Search: 375/260, 375/144, 375/148, 375/267, 375/299, 375/347
• US Class Current: 375/267
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/022 Site diversity; Macro-diversity using two or more spaced independent antennas H04B7/04
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/024 Co-operative use of antennas of several sites, e.g. in co-ordinated multipoint or co-operative multiple-input multiple-output [MIMO] systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0434 using multiple eigenmodes
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0452 Multi-user MIMO systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0456 Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/046 taking physical layer constraints into account
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0469 taking special antenna structures, e.g. cross polarized antennas into account
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0626 Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0232 by interpolation between sounding signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0048 Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 24/02 Arrangements for optimising operational condition
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 24/08 Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic

Abstract

Systems and methods are described for coordinating transmissions in distributed wireless systems via user clustering. For example, a method according to one embodiment of the invention comprises: measuring link quality between a target user and a plurality of distributed-input distributed-output (DIDO) distributed antennas of base transceiver stations (BTSs); using the link quality measurements to define a user cluster; measuring channel state information (CSI) between each user and each DIDO antenna within a defined user cluster; and precoding data transmissions between each DIDO antenna and each user within the user cluster based on the measured CSI.

Claims

1. A method implemented within a multiuser (MU) multiple antenna system (MU-MAS) comprising:

measuring link quality between a target user and a plurality of MU-MAS distributed antennas of base transceiver stations (BTSs);

using the link quality measurements to define a user cluster;

measuring channel state information (CSI) between each user and each MU-MAS antenna within a defined user cluster; and

precoding data transmissions between the MU-MAS antennas within the user cluster and the users reachable by those MU-MAS antennas based on the measured CSI.

2. The method as in claim 1 wherein the link quality is measured as a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR).

3. The method as in claim 2 wherein the MU-MAS antennas or the users transmit training signals and the users or the MU-MAS antennas estimate the received signal quality based on that training.

4. The method as in claim 1 wherein using the link quality measurements to define a user cluster comprises identifying a subset of the MU-MAS antennas having non-zero link-quality metrics to the target user.

5. The method as in claim 1 further comprising:

implementing MU-MAS precoding with inter-MU-MAS-cluster interference (IMCI) cancellation at the BTSs in an interfering MU-MAS cluster to avoid RF interference at the target user if the target user is located within a zone in which the target user is transmitting and receiving data streams to and from the antennas in user cluster and is also detecting radio frequency (RF) signals transmitted from the antennas in the interfering MU-MAS cluster.

6. The method as in claim 5 wherein the antennas in the interfering MU-MAS cluster transmit radio frequency (RF) signals to create locations in space with zero RF energy, including the space occupied by the user target.

7. The method as in claim 6 wherein M distributed transmitting antennas create up to (M−

1) points of zero RF energy.

8. The method as in claim 6 wherein the locations of zero RF energy are receivers, the transmitting antennas are aware of the channel state information between the transmitters and the receivers, and the transmitters utilize the channel state information to determine the interfering signals to be simultaneously transmitted.

9. The method as in claim 8 using block diagonalization precoding.

10. The method as in claim 6 wherein the locations with zero RF energy correspond to the location of the users and MU-MAS precoding is used to create points of zero RF energy to the users.

11. The method as in claim 1 wherein once the user clusters are selected, the CSI from all transmitters within the user-cluster to every user is made available to all BTSs within the user cluster.

12. The method as in claim 11 wherein the CSI information is shared across all BTSs via a base station network (BSN).

13. The method as in claim 12 wherein UL/DL channel reciprocity is exploited to derive the CSI from training over the UL channel for TDD systems.

14. The method as in claim 12 wherein feedback channels from all users to the BTSs are employed in in FDD systems.

15. The method as in claim 14 wherein, to reduce the amount of feedback, only the CSI corresponding to the non-zero entries of the link-quality matrix are fed back.

16. The method as in claim 1 wherein singular value decomposition (SVD) of the effective channel matrix {tilde over (H)}_k is computed and the precoding weight w_k for the target user k is defined as the right sigular vector corresponding to the null subspace of {tilde over (H)}_k.

17. The method as in claim 1 wherein if the number of transmitters is greater than the number of users, and the SVD decomposes the effective channel matrix as {tilde over (H)}_k=V_kΣ

_kU_k^H, the MU-MAS precoding weight for user k is given by

w_k=U_o(U_o^H·

h_k^T)

where U_o is the matrix with columns being the singular vectors of the null subspace of {tilde over (H)}_k.

18. A system for coordinating transmissions in a MU-MAS comprising:

a plurality of wireless users;

a plurality of base transceiver stations (BTSs) having a plurality of MU-MAS antennas for establishing multiple concurrent communication channels with the plurality of users;

wherein either the BTSs and/or the wireless users measure link quality of the communication channels therebetween and use the link quality measurements to define a user cluster;

the BTSs and/or the wireless users further measuring channel state information (CSI) between each user and each MU-MAS antenna within a defined user cluster and precoding data transmissions between the MU-MAS antennas within the user cluster and the users reachable by those MU-MAS antennas based on the measured CSI.

19. The system as in claim 18 wherein the link quality is measured as a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR).

20. The system as in claim 19 wherein the MU-MAS antennas transmit training signals and the users estimate the received signal quality based on that training.

21. The system as in claim 18 wherein using the link quality measurements to define a user cluster comprises identifying a subset of the antennas having non-zero link-quality metrics to the target user.

22. The system as in claim 18 wherein the BTSs implement MU-MAS precoding with inter-MU-MAS-cluster interference (IMCI) cancellation in an interfering MU-MAS cluster to avoid RF interference at the target user if the target user is located within a zone in which the target user is transmitting and receiving data streams to and from the antennas in user cluster and is also detecting radio frequency (RF) signals transmitted from the antennas in the interfering MU-MAS cluster.

23. The system as in claim 22 wherein the antennas in the interfering MU-MAS cluster transmit radio frequency (RF) signals to create locations in space with zero RF energy, including the space occupied by the user target.

24. The system as in claim 23 wherein M distributed transmitting antennas create up to (M−

1) points of zero RF energy.

25. The system as in claim 23 wherein the locations of zero RF energy are receivers, the transmitting antennas are aware of the channel state information between the transmitters and the receivers, and the transmitters utilize the channel state information to determine the interfering signals to be simultaneously transmitted.

26. The system as in claim 25 using block diagonalization precoding.

27. The system as in claim 23 wherein the locations with zero RF energy correspond to the location of MU-MAS the users and MU-MAS precoding is used to create points of zero RF energy to the users.

28. The system as in claim 18 wherein once the user clusters are selected, the CSI from all transmitters within the user-cluster to every user is made available to all BTSs within the user cluster.

29. The system as in claim 28 wherein the CSI information is shared across all BTSs via a base station network (BSN).

30. The system as in claim 29 wherein UL/DL channel reciprocity is exploited to derive the CSI from training over the UL channel for TDD systems.

31. The system as in claim 29wherein feedback channels from all users to the BTSs are employed in In FDD systems.

32. The system as in claim 31 wherein, to reduce the amount of feedback, only the CSI corresponding to the non-zero entries of the link-quality matrix are fed back.

33. The system as in claim 18 wherein singular value decomposition (SVD) of the effective channel matrix {tilde over (H)}_k is computed and the precoding weight w_k for the target user k is defined as the right sigular vector corresponding to the null subspace of {tilde over (H)}_k.

34. The system as in claim 18 wherein if the number of transmitters is greater than the number of users, and the SVD decomposes the effective channel matrix as {tilde over (H)}_k=V_kΣ

_kU_k^H, the MU-MAS precoding weight for user k is given by

w_k=U_o(U_o^H·

h_k^T)

where U_o is the matrix with columns being the singular vectors of the null subspace of {tilde over (H)}_k.