Pulse coupled oscillator synchronization for wireless communications

• US 8,543,068 B2
• Filed: 08/04/2008
• Issued: 09/24/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 08/03/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cornell University
• Original Assignee: Cornell University
• Inventors: Wang, Xiao Y., Apsel, Alyssa B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Milord, Marceau
• Application Number:
  US12/670,682
• Publication Number:
  US 20100190517A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,877 Days
• Field of Search: 455/500, 455/85, 455/83, 455/86, 455/112, 455/118, 455/73, 375/130, 375/141, 375/371, 375/376, 375/327, 375/373, 375/219, 375/360, 342/389.99
• US Class Current: 455/73
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7163 using impulse radio
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/6912 using chirp

Abstract

A transceiver node includes a pulse coupled oscillator in an integrated circuit, which can synchronize with other nodes to generate a global clock subsequently used to facilitate synchronous communications between individual nodes. Known potential uses include a low power sensor node radio for an ad-hoc network for military applications and medical applications such as ingestible and implantable radios, self powered radios, and medical monitoring systems such as cardiac and neural monitoring patches.

Claims

1. A transceiver, comprising:

one or more integrated circuits including

an R.F front end adapted for connection to an antenna,

a pulse detector coupled to the R.F. front end and adapted for detecting received pulses intended for the transceiver, and

a pulse coupled oscillator including a monotonically increasing state function that is concave downward, wherein the oscillator is adapted for receiving synchronizing pulses from the pulse detector and for causing a predetermined incremental increase in the state function in response to received synchronizing pulses.

2. The transceiver of claim 1, wherein the pulse coupled oscillator is adapted to include a blackout period, right after a state change, when state increments are not enabled.

3. The transceiver of claim 1, wherein the pulse detector is adapted to distinguish synchronizing pulses for the oscillator from data pulses being sent to the transceiver.

4. The transceiver of claim 1, further comprising a control timer coupled to the oscillator and adapted to divide each cycle of the oscillator in to a multiplicity of time bins.

5. The transceiver of claim 4, wherein the control timer is adapted to enable the transceiver to detect any data signals present in predetermined ones of the time bins.

6. The transceiver of claim 4, further comprising a controller coupled to the control timer and adapted to disconnect power to the R.F. front end during predetermined time bins.

7. The transceiver of claim 6, wherein the controller is adapted to only connect power to the R.F. front end during time bins when the transceiver is intended to receive data pulses and synchronizing pulses.

8. The transceiver of claim 1, further comprising a control timer coupled to the oscillator and adapted to divide each cycle of the oscillator in to a multiplicity of time frames and each time frame in to a multiplicity of time bins, and wherein the control timer is adapted to enable the transceiver to detect any signals present in a same predetermined time bin in each time frame.

9. A wireless network, comprising a plurality of transceivers of claim 1.

10. A wireless network, comprising:

a plurality of nodes with each node including a respective pulse coupled oscillator implemented in a semiconductor circuit and having a monotonically increasing state function that is concave downward, wherein each oscillator is adapted to generate a change of state pulse at the end of a state function cycle; and

transmit/receive circuitry located in each node and adapted for transmitting change of state pulses from each respective oscillator to other nodes in the network, and further adapted for receiving change of state pulses from other nodes in the network and applying them to the respective oscillator to cause an incremental increase in the state function in the respective oscillator.

11. The wireless network of claim 10, wherein each transmit/receive circuitry includes an R.F. front end and a pulse detector coupled to receive signals from the R.F. front end and adapted to identify synchronizing delta pulses from the other nodes.

12. The wireless network of claim 10, wherein each pulse coupled oscillator is adapted to include a blackout period, right after a state change, when state increments are not enabled.

13. The wireless network of claim 10, wherein each node includes a control timer coupled to the respective oscillator and adapted to divide each cycle of the oscillator in to a multiplicity of time bins.

14. The wireless network of claim 13, wherein the control timer is adapted to enable the respective transceiver to detect any data signals present in predetermined ones of the time bins.

15. The wireless network of claim 13, wherein each node includes a controller coupled to the control timer and adapted to disconnect power to the R.F. front end during predetermined time bins.

16. The wireless network of claim 10, wherein each node includes a control timer coupled to the oscillator and adapted to divide each cycle of the oscillator in to a multiplicity of time frames and each time frame in to a multiplicity of time bins, and wherein the control timer is adapted to enable the transceiver to detect any data signals present in a same predetermined time bin in each time frame.

17. The wireless network of claim 10, wherein each node is adapted to receive synchronizing pulses from other nodes over the wireless network.