Method, device and system for responsive load management using frequency regulation credits

• US 8,554,387 B2
• Filed: 03/02/2012
• Issued: 10/08/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 11/23/2009
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Kyndryl Incorporated
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Boss, Gregory Jensen, Hamilton, Rick Allen II, Haugh, Julianne Frances, Sand, Anne R.
• Primary Examiner(s): BORISSOV, IGOR N
• Application Number:
  US13/410,536
• Publication Number:
  US 20120179631A1
• Time in Patent Office: 585 Days
• Field of Search: 705/400, 705/412, 705/7.11, 705/37, 705/14.1, 705/14.11, 705/14.15, 705/14.17, 705/14.23, 705/14.25, 705/14.34, 705/14.36, 705/14.38, 705/14.39, 705/1.1, 705/30, 705/40, 700/286, 700/291, 700/293, 700/295, 700/297, 700/298, 307/31, 307/34, 307/35, 307/39, 307/129
• US Class Current: 700/293
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/06 Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/145 Payments according to the detected use or quantity
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/018 Certifying business or products
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/04 Billing or invoicing
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 50/06 Energy or water supply
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/64 The condition being economic, e.g. tariff based load management
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/14 by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 50/10 Energy trading, including energy flowing from end-user application to grid
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 50/12 Billing, invoicing, buying or selling transactions or other related activities, e.g. cost or usage evaluation

Abstract

A method, device and system for responsive load management using frequency regulation credits. The method includes using an AC frequency measuring device, measuring a current AC frequency on an AC power line; using a power consumption measuring device, measuring a current power consumption on the AC power line over a period of time equal to a sampling interval; calculating a power consumption moving average of a last N power current power consumptions measured, where N is a positive integer greater than 1; generating credits or debits based on the current power consumption, the current AC frequency and the power consumption moving average; adding the credits or debits to a frequency regulation credit; and for each next sampling interval repeating measuring the current AC frequency, measuring current power consumption, calculating the power consumption moving average, generating the credits or debits, and adding the credits or debits to the frequency regulation credit.

Claims

1. A method, comprising:

measuring, by an AC frequency measuring device, a current AC frequency on an AC power line and storing said current AC frequency in a memory device;

measuring, by a power consumption measuring device, a current power consumption on said AC power line over a period of time equal to a sampling interval and storing said current power consumption in a memory device;

calculating, by a processor, a power consumption moving average of a last N power current power consumption measurements measured by said power consumption measuring device, where N is a positive integer greater than 1;

generating, by a processor, credits, debits or credits and debits based on said current power consumption, said current AC frequency and said power consumption moving average;

adding, by the processor, said credits, debits or credits and debits to a frequency regulation credit; and

for each next sampling interval, repeating said measuring said current AC frequency, said measuring said current power consumption, said calculating said power consumption moving average, said generating said credits, debits or credits and debits, and said adding said credits, debits or credits and debits to said frequency regulation credit.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein a credit is generated when said current power consumption, when compared to said power consumption moving average, is driving said AC power line toward a nominal AC frequency of said AC power line.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein a debit is generated when said current power consumption when compared to said power consumption moving average is driving said AC power line away from a nominal AC frequency of said AC power line.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein when said current frequency is between an upper threshold frequency and a lower threshold frequency no credits or debits are generated.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein said upper threshold frequency is greater than a nominal AC frequency of said AC power line and said lower threshold frequency is less than said nominal AC frequency.

6. The method of claim 1, further including:

initializing a power consumption moving average of N consecutive power consumption measurements, each power consumption measurement made over a respective period of time equal to said sampling interval.

7. The method of claim 1, further including, periodically transferring said frequency regulation credit to a power company supplying AC power on said AC power line.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein said generating said credit or debit includes:

generating a debit when said current AC frequency is greater than or equal to an upper threshold frequency and said current power consumption is less than said power consumption moving average;

generating a credit when said current AC frequency is greater than or equal to an upper threshold frequency and said current power consumption is greater than said power consumption moving average;

generating a debit when said current AC frequency is less than or equal to a lower threshold frequency and said current power consumption is greater than said power consumption moving average;

generating a credit when said current AC frequency is less than or equal to a lower threshold frequency and said current power consumption is less than said power consumption moving average; and

not generating a credit or a debit when said current AC frequency is between said upper threshold frequency and said lower threshold frequency.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein said frequency regulation credit is calculated using the formula:

FRC=SFΣ

[(P−

M)(MF)]

where;

FRC is the frequency regulation credit;

P is the power consumed in a sampling interval;

M is the moving average of power consumed over N sampling intervals where N is a whole positive integer equal to or greater than 2 (the power consumption moving average);

MF is a multiplier function; and

SF is a scaling factor.

10. A device, comprising:

an integral AC frequency measuring unit;

one or more integral AC power measuring units;

an integral calculation unit configured to generate a frequency regulation credit based on signals from said integral AC frequency measuring unit and said one or more integral AC power measuring units, said integral calculation unit connected to said integral AC frequency measuring device and to said one or more integral AC power measuring devices;

an integral frequency regulation credit display connected directly to said integral calculation unit and configured to display an accumulated frequency regulation credit, or an integral memory unit configured to store said accumulated frequency regulation credit, or both said integral frequency regulation credit display and said integral memory unit; and

a case, said case containing said an integral AC frequency measuring unit, said one or more integral AC power measuring units, said integral calculation unit, said integral frequency regulation credit display and said integral memory unit.

11. The device of claim 10, further including:

an integral power consumption display configured to display, power consumption measured by said one or more integral AC power measuring units, said integral memory unit configured to store said power consumption, or both said power consumption display and said integral memory unit.

12. The device of claim 10, wherein said integral calculation unit includes a microprocessor connected to said integral memory unit.

13. The device of claim 12, further including:

an integral communications interface connected to said microprocessor, or an integral input/output device connected to said microprocessor or both said integral communications interface connected to said microprocessor and said integral input/output device connected to said microprocessor.

14. The device of claim 12, further including one or more of:

an integral telephone modem connected to said microprocessor, an integral cable modem connected to said microprocessor and an integral wireless modem connected to said microprocessor.

15. The device of claim 12, further including an integral data communication socket connected to said microprocessor, said integral memory unit or both said microprocessor and said integral memory unit.

16. The device of claim 10, further including an integral power input fitting configured to connect said AC frequency measuring device to an AC power line and an integral power output fitting configured to connect said one or more AC power measuring devices between said AC power line and an external load.

17. The device of claim 16, wherein:

said frequency regulation credit is increased when said current power consumption is driving said AC power line toward a nominal AC frequency of said AC power line;

said frequency regulation credit is decreased when said current power consumption is driving said AC power line away from said nominal AC frequency; and

said frequency regulation credit is unchanged when an AC frequency of said AC power line is between an upper threshold frequency and a lower threshold frequency.

18. The device of claim 10, wherein said frequency regulation credit is calculated using the formula:

FRC=SFΣ

[(P−

M)(MF)]

where;

FRC is the frequency regulation credit;

P is the power consumed in a sampling interval;

M is the moving average of power consumed over N sampling intervals where N is a whole positive integer equal to or greater than 2 (the power consumption moving average);

MF is a multiplier function; and

SF is a scaling factor.

19. A computer system comprising a processor, an address/data bus coupled to said processor, and a computer-readable memory unit coupled to communicate with said processor, said memory unit containing instructions that when executed by the processor implement a method for frequency responsive load management using frequency regulation credits, said method comprising the computer implemented steps of:

receiving from an AC frequency measuring device, a current AC frequency on an AC power line;

receiving from a power consumption measuring device, a current power consumption on said AC power line over a period of time equal to a sampling interval;

calculating a power consumption moving average of a last N power current power consumptions measured, where N is a positive integer greater than 1;

generating credits, debits or credits and debits based on said current power consumption, said current AC frequency and said power consumption moving average;

adding said credits, debits or credits and debits to a frequency regulation credit, storing said frequency regulation credit on said memory unit; and

for each next sampling interval repeating said steps of receiving from said AC frequency measuring device said current AC frequency on an AC power line, receiving from said power consumption measuring device said current power consumption, calculating said power consumption moving average, generating said credits, debits or credits and debits, adding said credits, debits or credits and debits to said frequency regulation credit, and storing said frequency regulation credit on said memory unit.

20. The computer system of claim 19, wherein a credit is generated when said current power consumption, when compared to said power consumption moving average, is driving said AC power line toward a nominal AC frequency of said AC power line.

21. The computer system of claim 19, wherein a debit is generated when said current power consumption when compared to said power consumption moving average is driving said AC power line away from a nominal AC frequency of said AC power line.

22. The computer system of claim 19, wherein when said current frequency is between an upper threshold frequency and a lower threshold frequency no credits or debits are generated.

23. The computer system of claim 22, wherein said upper threshold frequency is greater than a nominal AC frequency of said AC power line and said lower threshold frequency is less than said nominal AC frequency.

24. The computer system of claim 19, the method further including:

initializing a power consumption moving average of N consecutive power consumption measurements, each power consumption measurement made over a respective period of time equal to said sampling interval.

25. The computer system of claim 19, the method further including, periodically transferring said frequency regulation credit to a power company supplying AC power on said AC power line.

26. The computer system of claim 19, wherein said method step of generating a credit or debit includes:

generating a debit when said current AC frequency is greater than or equal to an upper threshold frequency and said current power consumption is less than said power consumption moving average;

generating a credit when said current AC frequency is greater than or equal to an upper threshold frequency and said current power consumption is greater than said power consumption moving average;

generating a debit when said current AC frequency is less than or equal to a lower threshold frequency and said current power consumption is greater than said power consumption moving average;

generating a credit when said current AC frequency is less than or equal to a lower threshold frequency and said current power consumption is less than said power consumption moving average; and

not generating a credit or a debit when said current AC frequency is between said upper threshold frequency and said lower threshold frequency.

27. The computer system of claim 19, wherein said frequency regulation credit is calculated using the formula:

FRC=SFΣ

[(P−

M)(MF)]

where;

FRC is the frequency regulation credit;

P is the power consumed in a sampling interval;

M is the moving average of power consumed over N sampling intervals where N is a whole positive integer equal to or greater than 2 (the power consumption moving average);

MF is a multiplier function; and

SF is a scaling factor.

28. A device, comprising:

an integral AC frequency measuring unit;

one or more integral AC power measuring units;

an integral calculation unit configured to generate a frequency regulation credit based on signals from said integral AC frequency measuring unit and said one or more integral AC power measuring units, said integral calculation unit connected to said integral AC frequency measuring device and to said one or more integral AC power measuring devices; and

an integral frequency regulation credit display connected directly to said integral calculation unit and configured to display an accumulated frequency regulation credit, or an integral memory unit configured to store said accumulated frequency regulation credit, or both said integral frequency regulation credit display and said integral memory unit, and

wherein;

said frequency regulation credit is increased when said current power consumption is driving said AC power line toward a nominal AC frequency of said AC power line;

said frequency regulation credit is decreased when said current power consumption is driving said AC power line away from said nominal AC frequency; and

said frequency regulation credit is unchanged when an AC frequency of said AC power line is between an upper threshold frequency and a lower threshold frequency.