Media data use measurement with remote decoding/pattern matching

• US 8,572,640 B2
• Filed: 06/29/2001
• Issued: 10/29/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 06/29/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: The Nielsen Company LLC (MOOD Media Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Arbitron Inc. (MOOD Media Corporation)
• Inventors: Kolessar, Ronald S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kumar, Pankaj
• Assistant Examiner(s): NEWLIN, TIMOTHY R
• Application Number:
  US09/896,246
• Publication Number:
  US 20030005430A1
• Time in Patent Office: 4,505 Days
• Field of Search: 725 9- 20, 725/22
• US Class Current: 725/20
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 60/58 of audio determination or detection of speech characteristics in general G10L25/00; speech recognition in general G10L15/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/25891 being end-user preferences retrieval of video data in a video database based on user preferences G06F16/739; arrangements for recognizing users' preferences H04H60/46; user profiles in network data switching protocols H04L67/306; processing of user preferences or user profiles in wireless networks H04W8/18
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/42201 biosensors, e.g. heat sensor for presence detection, EEG sensors or any limb activity sensors worn by the user input arrangements for interaction with the human body based on nervous system activity detection G06F3/015
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/44222 Analytics of user selections, e.g. selection of programs or purchase activity monitoring of user selections in data processing systems G06F11/34; arrangements for monitoring the user's behaviour or opinions in broadcast systems H04H60/33
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/08 Systems for the simultaneous or sequential transmission of more than one television signal, e.g. additional information signals, the signals occupying wholly or partially the same frequency band , e.g. by time division H04N7/007 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/173 with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for identifying and/or measuring usage of media data gathered at a user location using remote decoding and/or pattern matching techniques. A data set is formed based on the media data, which includes some, but not all, of the information represented by the media data. The data set is communicated to a remotely located processing system for detecting a code based on the data set and/or conducting a pattern matching process based on the data set.

Claims

1. A method for measuring usage of media data received at a user location, the media data being reproducible as comprehensible images or comprehensible sounds and having ancillary codes encoded in at least some of the media data, comprising:

receiving the media data in a monitoring device;

forming a data set from characteristics derived from the media data received by the monitoring device, wherein the data set;

(i) is not sufficient to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes in the monitoring device,

(ii) comprises data usable to sufficiently decode and detect the ancillary codes in the media data remotely from the monitoring device, and

communicating the data set to a processing system located remotely from the monitoring device; and

at the processing system, processing the data set to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein forming a data set comprises transforming at least a portion of the received media data into frequency-domain data.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein forming a data set comprises producing amplitude data for each of a plurality of frequency ranges of the frequency-domain data, each frequency range corresponding to a predetermined component of the ancillary codes.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the amplitude data are each formed as a ratio of amplitude data in a corresponding frequency range to a noise level based on amplitude data outside such corresponding frequency range.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the data set comprises data representing time-domain information.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the time-domain data comprises data from a frequency range narrower than a frequency range of the media data.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the data set comprises data representing phase information.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the media data comprises audio data.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the media data comprises video data.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the media data is received as acoustic energy.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the media data is received as electromagnetic energy.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the media data is received as light energy.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the media data is received as magnetic energy.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the media data is received as electrical energy.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein processing the data set to decode the ancillary codes comprises processing frequency-domain data.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the frequency-domain data is processed to decode components of the ancillary codes at predetermined frequencies.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the frequency-domain data is processed to decode code components of the ancillary codes distributed according to a frequency-hopping pattern.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the code components comprise pairs of frequency components modified in amplitude to encode information.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein the code components comprise pairs of frequency components modified in phase to encode information.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein processing the data set to decode the ancillary codes comprises detecting a spread spectrum code.

21. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving media data comprises receiving media data in a portable monitoring device carryable on the person of a user.

22. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

at the remotely located processing system, producing a signature characterizing the media data and matching the produced signature with a reference signature associated with identification data for the media data.

23. A system for measuring usage of media data received at a user location, the media data being reproducible as comprehensible images or comprehensible sounds and having ancillary codes in at least some of the media data, comprising:

a monitoring device having an input to receive the media data;

a first processor at the user location coupled with the monitoring device to receive the media data and operative to form a data set from characteristics derived from the media data, wherein the data set;

(i) is not sufficient to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes in the monitoring device, and

(ii) comprises data usable to sufficiently decode and detect the ancillary codes in the media data at a processing system located remotely from the user location;

a first communications device coupled with the first processor to receive the data set and operative to communicate the data set to a processing system located remotely from the monitoring device;

a second communications device at the processing system coupled with the first communications device to receive the data set; and

a second processor at the processing system and having an input coupled with the second communications device to receive the data set received by the second communications device, the second processor being operative to process the data set to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein the first processor is operative to form the data set by transforming at least a portion of the received media data into frequency-domain data.

25. The system of claim 24, wherein the processor is operative to produce amplitude data for each of a plurality of frequency ranges of the frequency-domain data, each frequency range corresponding to a predetermined component of the ancillary codes.

26. The system of claim 25, wherein the processor is operative to form each of the amplitude data as a ratio of amplitude data in a corresponding frequency range to a noise level based on amplitude data outside such corresponding frequency range.

27. The system of claim 23, wherein the monitoring device comprises a portable monitoring device carryable on the person of a user.

28. The system of claim 23, wherein the first processor is operative to include time-domain data in the data set.

29. The system of claim 28, wherein the time-domain data comprises data from a frequency range narrower than a frequency range of the media data.

30. The system of claim 23, wherein the first processor is operative to include data representing phase information in the data set.

31. The system of claim 23, wherein the monitoring device is operative to receive the media data as acoustic energy.

32. The system of claim 23, wherein the monitoring device is operative to receive the media data as electromagnetic energy.

33. The system of claim 32, wherein the monitoring device is operative to receive the media data as light energy.

34. The system of claim 23, wherein the monitoring device is operative to receive the media data as magnetic energy.

35. The system of claim 23, wherein the monitoring device is operative to receive the media data as electrical energy.

36. The system of claim 23, wherein the second processor is operative to process the frequency-domain data to decode the ancillary codes.

37. The system of claim 36, wherein the second processor is operative to process the frequency-domain data by detecting components of the ancillary codes at predetermined frequencies to decode the ancillary codes.

38. The system of claim 36, wherein the second processor is operative to process the frequency-domain data to decode code components distributed according to a frequency-hopping pattern.

39. The system of claim 38, wherein the second processor is operative to decode the ancillary codes by detecting pairs of frequency components modified in amplitude to encode information.

40. The system of claim 38, wherein the second processor is operative to decode the ancillary codes by detecting pairs of frequency components modified in phase to encode identification information.

41. The system of claim 23, wherein the second processor is operative to decode the ancillary codes in the form of spread spectrum codes.

42. The system of claim 23, wherein the second processor is further operative to produce a signature characterizing the media data and to match the produced signature with a reference signature associated with identification data for the media data.

43. A system for measuring usage of media data received at a user location, the media data being reproducible as comprehensible images or comprehensible sounds and having ancillary codes in at least some of the media data, comprising:

a communications device at a processing facility located remotely from a user location, the communications device having an input to receive a data set, the data set being initially processed at the user location such that the data set is derived from the media data and;

(i) is not sufficient to decode and detect the ancillary codes at the user location, and

(ii) comprises data usable to sufficiently decode and detect the ancillary codes in the media data in the communications device;

a processor located at the processing facility and coupled with the communications device to receive the data set and operative to process the data set to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes.

44. The system of claim 43, wherein the processor is operative to decode the ancillary codes by processing frequency-domain data.

45. The system of claim 44, wherein the processor is operative to detect components of the ancillary codes at predetermined frequencies to decode the ancillary codes.

46. The system of claim 44, wherein the processor is operative to decode components of the ancillary codes distributed according to a frequency-hopping pattern.

47. The system of claim 46, wherein the processor is operative to decode pairs of ancillary code frequency components modified in amplitude to encode information.

48. The system of claim 46, wherein the processor is operative to decode pairs of ancillary code frequency components modified in phase to encode information.

49. The system of claim 43, wherein the processor is operative to decode the ancillary codes in the form of spread spectrum codes.

50. The system of claim 43, wherein the processor is further operative to produce a signature characterizing the media data and to match the produced signature with a reference signature associated with identification data for the media data.

51. A system for measuring usage of media data received at a user location, the media data being reproducible as comprehensible images or comprehensible sounds and having ancillary codes in at least some of the media data, comprising:

means for receiving the media data;

means for processing the media data to form a data set derived from characteristics of the media data, wherein the data set;

(i) is not sufficient to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes in the monitoring device, and

(ii) comprises data usable to sufficiently decode and detect the ancillary codes in the media data at a processing system located remotely from the user location;

means for communicating the data set to the processing system; and

processing means at the processing system for processing the data set to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes.

52. The system of claim 51, wherein the means for forming a data set is operative to transform at least a portion of the received media data into frequency-domain data.

53. The system of claim 52, wherein the means for forming a data set is operative to produce amplitude data for each of a plurality of frequency ranges of the frequency-domain data, each frequency range corresponding to a predetermined component of the ancillary codes.

54. The system of claim 53, wherein the means for forming a data set is operative to form each of the amplitude data as a ratio of amplitude data in a corresponding frequency range to a noise level based on amplitude data outside such corresponding frequency range.

55. The system of claim 51, wherein the means for forming the data set is operative to include data representing time-domain information therein.

56. The system of claim 55, wherein the means for forming a data set is operative to select the time-domain data from a frequency range narrower than a frequency range of the media data.

57. The system of claim 51, wherein the means for forming a data set is operative to include data representing phase information therein.

58. The system of claim 51, wherein the means for receiving media data is operative to receive the media data as acoustic energy.

59. The system of claim 51, wherein the means for receiving media data is operative to receive the media data as electromagnetic energy.

60. The system of claim 59, wherein the means for receiving media data is operative to receive the media data as light energy.

61. The system of claim 51, wherein the means for receiving media data is operative to receive the media data as magnetic energy.

62. The system of claim 51, wherein the means for receiving media data is operative to receive the media data as electrical energy.

63. The system of claim 51, wherein the processing means is operative to process frequency-domain data to decode the ancillary codes.

64. The system of claim 63, wherein the processing means is operative to detect components of the ancillary codes at predetermined frequencies to decode the ancillary codes.

65. The system of claim 63, wherein the processing means is operative to detect code components distributed according to a frequency-hopping pattern to decode the ancillary codes.

66. The system of claim 65, wherein the processing means is operative to decode the ancillary codes by detecting pairs of frequency components modified in amplitude to encode information.

67. The system of claim 65, wherein the processing means is operative to decode the ancillary codes by detecting pairs of frequency components modified in phase to encode information.

68. The system of claim 51, wherein the processing means is operative to decode a spread spectrum code as the ancillary code.

69. The system of claim 51, wherein the means for receiving the media data comprises a portable monitoring device carryable on the person of an audience member.

70. The system of claim 51, wherein the processing means is further operative to produce a signature characterizing the media data and to match the produced signature with a reference signature associated with identification data for the media data.

71. A system for measuring usage of media data received at a user location, the media data being reproducible as comprehensible images or comprehensible sounds and having ancillary codes in at least some of the media data, comprising:

means for receiving a data set at a processing system located remotely from the user location, the data set being initially processed at the user location such that the data set is formed from characteristics derived from the media data and;

(i) is not sufficient to decode and detect the ancillary codes at the user location, and

(ii) comprises data usable to sufficiently decode and detect the ancillary codes in the media data in the processing system;

processing means located at the processing system for processing the data set to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes.

72. The system of claim 71, wherein the processing means comprises means for processing frequency-domain data to decode the ancillary codes.

73. The system of claim 72, wherein the processing means is operative to process the frequency-domain data to decode components of the ancillary codes at predetermined frequencies.

74. The system of claim 72, wherein the processing means is operative to process the frequency-domain data to decode components of the ancillary codes distributed according to a frequency-hopping pattern.

75. The system of claim 74, wherein the processing means is operative to decode pairs of ancillary code frequency components modified in amplitude to encode information.

76. The system of claim 74, wherein the processing means is operative to decode pairs of ancillary code frequency components modified in phase to encode information.

77. The system of claim 71, wherein the processing means is operative to decode the ancillary codes in the form of spread spectrum codes.

78. The system of claim 71, wherein the processing means is further operative to produce a signature characterizing the media data and to match the produced signature with a reference signature associated with identification data for the media data.

79. A method for measuring usage of media data received at a user location, the media data being reproducible as comprehensible images or comprehensible sounds and having ancillary codes in at least some of the media data, comprising:

receiving a data set at a processing system located remotely from the user location, the data set being initially processed at the user location such that the data set is derived from characteristics of the media data and;

(i) is not sufficient to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes at the user location, and

(ii) comprises data usable to sufficiently decode and detect the ancillary codes in the media data in the processing system,

and at the remotely located processing system, processing the data set to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes.

80. The method of claim 79, wherein processing the data set to decode the ancillary codes comprises processing frequency-domain data.

81. The method of claim 80, wherein the frequency-domain data is processed to decode components of the ancillary codes at predetermined frequencies.

82. The method of claim 80, wherein the frequency-domain data is processed to decode components of the ancillary codes distributed according to a frequency-hopping pattern.

83. The method of claim 82, wherein the code components comprise pairs of frequency components modified in amplitude to encode information.

84. The method of claim 82, wherein the code components comprise pairs of frequency components modified in phase to encode information.

85. The method of claim 79, wherein processing the data set to decode the ancillary codes comprises detecting a spread spectrum code.

86. The method of claim 79, further comprising:

at the remotely located processing system, producing a signature characterizing the media data and matching the produced signature with a reference signature associated with identification data for the media data.

87. A method for measuring usage of media data received at a user location, comprising:

receiving media data representing information in a monitoring device at the user location;

forming a data set from characteristics derived from the media data received by the monitoring device, wherein the data set;

(i) is not sufficient to decode and detect the ancillary codes in the monitoring device, and

(ii) comprises data usable to sufficiently decode and detect the ancillary codes in the media data remotely from the monitoring device; and

at the processing system, processing the data set to decode and detect an ancillary code for the media data.

88. The method of claim 87 wherein forming a data set comprises transforming at least a portion of the received media data into frequency-domain data.

89. The method of claim 88, wherein forming a data set comprises producing amplitude data for each of a plurality of frequency ranges of the frequency-domain data, each frequency range corresponding to a predetermined code component.

90. The method of claim 89, wherein the amplitude data are each formed as a ratio of amplitude data in a corresponding frequency range to a noise level based on amplitude data outside such corresponding frequency range.

91. The method of claim 87, wherein receiving media data comprises receiving media data in a portable monitoring device carryable on the person of a user.

92. The method of claim 87, wherein processing the data set comprises processing frequency-domain data.

93. The method of claim 92, wherein the frequency-domain data is processed to decode components of the identification code at predetermined frequencies.

94. The method of claim 87, further comprising:

at the processing system, producing a signature characterizing the media data and matching the produced signature with a reference signature associated with identification data for the media data.

95. A method for measuring usage of media data representing information and received at a user location, such media data not having been processed to decode an ancillary code, comprising:

receiving a data set at a processing system located remotely from the user location, the data set being initially processed at the user location such that the data set;

(i) is not sufficient to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes at the user location,

(ii) comprises data usable to sufficiently decode and detect the ancillary codes in the media data in the processing system, and

at the processing system, processing the data set to decode and detect an ancillary code for the media data.

96. The method of claim 95, wherein processing the data set comprises processing frequency-domain data.

97. The method of claim 96, wherein the frequency-domain data is processed to decode components of the identification code at predetermined frequencies.

98. The method of claim 95, further comprising:

at the processing system, producing a signature characterizing the media data and matching the produced signature with a reference signature associated with identification data for the media data.

99. A system for measuring usage of media data representing information received at a user location, such media data not having been processed to decode an ancillary code, comprising:

means for receiving a data set at a processing system located remotely from the user location, the data set being initially processed at the user location such that the data set;

(i) is not sufficient to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes at the user location, and

(ii) comprises data usable to sufficiently decode and detect the ancillary codes in the media data in the processing system, and;

and

processing means located at the processing system for processing the data set to fully decode and detect an ancillary code for the media data.

100. The system of claim 99, wherein the processing means is operative to process frequency-domain data to decode the identification code.

101. The system of claim 100, wherein the processing means is operative to process the frequency-domain data to decode components of the identification code at predetermined frequencies.

102. The system of claim 99, wherein the processing means is further operative to produce a signature characterizing the media data and to match the produced signature with a reference signature associated with identification data for the media data.

103. A system for measuring usage of media data received at a user location, comprising:

means for receiving media data representing information at the user location;

data set forming means at the user location for forming a data set from characteristics derived from the media data, wherein the data set;

(i) is not sufficient to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes at the user location, and

(ii) comprises data usable to sufficiently decode and detect the ancillary codes in the media data remotely;

means for communicating the data set to the processing system located remotely from the user location; and

processor means at the processing system for processing the data set to fully decode and detect an ancillary code for the media data.

104. The system of claim 103, wherein the data set forming means is operative to form the data set by transforming at least a portion of the received media data into frequency-domain data.

105. The system of claim 104, wherein the data set forming means is operative to transform at least a portion of the received media data by producing amplitude data for each of a plurality of frequency ranges of the frequency-domain data, each frequency range corresponding to a predetermined code component.

106. The system of claim 105, wherein the data set forming means is operative to form the amplitude data each as a ratio of amplitude data in a corresponding frequency range to a noise level based on amplitude data outside such corresponding frequency range.

107. The system of claim 106, wherein the means for receiving media data comprises a portable device carryable on the person of a user.

108. The system of claim 103, wherein the processor means is operative to decode the identification code by processing frequency-domain data.

109. The system of claim 108, wherein the processor means is operative to process the frequency-domain data to decode components of the identification code at predetermined frequencies.

110. The system of claim 103, wherein the processing means is further operative to produce a signature characterizing the media data and to match the produced signature with a reference signature associated with identification data for the media data.

111. A system for measuring usage of media data representing information received at a user location, such media data not having been processed to decode an ancillary code, comprising:

a communications device at a processing facility located remotely from the user location having an input to receive a data set, the data set being initially processed in the communications device such that the data set;

(i) is not sufficient to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes in the communications device, and

(ii) comprises data usable to sufficiently decode and detect the ancillary codes in the media data remotely; and

a processor located at the processing facility and coupled with the communications device to receive the data set and operative to process the data set to fully decode and detect an ancillary code for the media data.

112. The system of claim 111, wherein the processor is operative to decode the identification code by processing frequency-domain data.

113. The system of claim 111, wherein the processor is operative to process the frequency-domain data to decode components of the identification code at predetermined frequencies.

114. The system of claim 111, wherein the processor is further operative to produce a signature characterizing the media data and to match the produced signature with a reference signature associated with identification data for the media data.

127. The method according to claim 114, wherein the time-domain data comprises, data from a frequency range narrower than a frequency range of the media data.

115. A system for measuring usage of media data received at a user location, comprising:

a monitoring device at the user location and having an input to receive media data representing information;

a first processor at the user location coupled with the monitoring device to receive the media data and operative to process the media data at the user location to form a data set from characteristics derived from the media data, wherein the data set;

(i) is not sufficient to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes at the user location, and

(ii) comprises data usable to sufficiently decode and detect the ancillary codes in the media data at a processing system located remotely from the user location, and

a first communications device coupled with the first processor to receive the data set and operative to communicate the data set to the processing system located remotely from the user location;

a second communications device at the processing system coupled with the first communications device to receive the data set; and

a second processor at the processing system and having an input coupled with the second communications device to receive the data set received by the second communications device, the second processor being operative to process the data set to fully decode and detect an ancillary code for the media data.

116. The system of claim 115, wherein the first processor is operative to form the data set by transforming at least a portion of the received media data into frequency-domain data.

117. The system of claim 116, wherein the first processor is operative to form the data set by producing amplitude data for each of a plurality of frequency ranges of the frequency-domain data, each frequency range corresponding to a predetermined component of the identification code.

118. The system of claim 117, wherein the first processor is operative to form each of the amplitude data as a ratio of amplitude data in a corresponding frequency range to a noise level based on amplitude data outside such corresponding frequency range.

119. The system of claim 115, wherein the monitoring device comprises a portable monitoring device carryable on the person of a user.

120. The system of claim 115, wherein the second processor is operative to decode the identification code by processing frequency-domain data.

121. The system of claim 120, wherein the second processor is operative to process the frequency-domain data to decode components of the identification code at predetermined frequencies.

122. The system of claim 115, wherein the second processor is further operative to produce a signature characterizing the media data and to match the produced signature with a reference signature associated with identification data for the media data.

123. A method for measuring usage of media data received at a user location, the media data being reproducible as comprehensible images or comprehensible sounds, comprising:

receiving a data set at a processing system located remotely from the user location, wherein the data set is formed from characteristics derived from the media data, and wherein the data set;

(i) is not sufficient to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes at the user location,

(ii) comprises data usable to sufficiently decode and detect the ancillary codes in the media data remotely,

and

at the remotely located processing system, processing the data set to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes if present in the data set.

124. The method according to claim 123, further comprising:

receiving the media data in a monitoring device at the user location;

forming the data set in the monitoring device from the media data; and

communicating the data set from the user location to the remotely located processing system.

125. The method according to claim 124, wherein forming the data set comprises transforming at least a portion of the received media data into frequency-domain data.

126. The method according to claim 124, wherein the data set comprises data representing time-domain information.

128. The method according to claim 124, wherein the data set comprises data representing phase information.

129. The method according to claim 124, wherein the media data comprises audio data or video data.

130. The method according to claim 124, wherein the media data is received as acoustic energy, electromagnetic energy, light energy, magnetic energy, or electrical energy.

131. The method according to claim 124, wherein receiving media data comprises receiving media data in a portable monitoring device carryable on the person of a user.

132. The method of claim 123, further comprising:

at the remotely located processing system, producing a signature characterizing the media data and matching the produced signature with a reference signature associated with identification data for the media data.

133. The method of claim 132, wherein the signature is produced and matched with the reference signature when ancillary codes are not detected in the data set.

134. A system for measuring usage of media data received at a user location, the media data being reproducible as comprehensible images or comprehensible sounds, such media data not having been processed to decode an ancillary code, comprising:

a processing system located remotely from the user location for receiving a data set, wherein the data set is formed from characteristics derived from the media data, and wherein the data set;

(i) is not sufficient to fully decode and detect the ancillary codes at the user location,

(ii) comprises data usable to sufficiently decode and detect the ancillary codes in the media data at the processing system located remotely from the user location, and

(iii) excludes data required either to reproduce the comprehensible images or the comprehensible sounds;

and the remotely located processing system operative to process the data set to decode and detect the ancillary codes if present in the data set.

135. The system of claim 134, further comprising:

a receiver operative to receive the media data at the user location;

a processor at the user location operative to form the data set from the media data; and

a communication device operative to communicate the data set from the user location to the remotely located processing system.

136. The system of claim 135, wherein the processor is operative to transform at least a portion of the received media data into frequency-domain data.

137. The system of claim 135, wherein the processor is operative to form the data set including data representing time-domain information therein.

138. The system of claim 137, wherein the processor is operative to select the time-domain data from a frequency range narrower than a frequency range of the media data.

139. The system of claim 135, wherein the processor is operative to form the data set including data representing phase information therein.

140. The system of claim 135, wherein the receiver is operative to receive the media data as acoustic energy, electromagnetic energy, light energy, magnetic energy, or electrical energy.

141. The system of claim 134, wherein the remotely located processing system is further operative to produce a signature characterizing the media data and to match the produced signature with a reference signature associated with identification data for the media data.

142. The system of claim 141, wherein the signature is produced and matched with the reference signature when ancillary codes are not detected in the data set.