Method and apparatus for filling interconnect structures
First Claim
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1. A method comprising:
- (a) providing a wafer substrate to an apparatus, the wafer substrate including a surface with field regions and a feature;
(b) electroplating a copper layer onto the surface of the wafer substrate; and
(c) annealing the copper layer, wherein the annealing reflows the copper in the copper layer and causes redistribution of the copper from the field regions of the wafer substrate to the feature.
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Abstract
Methods, apparatus, and systems for depositing copper and other metals are provided. In some implementations, a wafer substrate is provided to an apparatus. The wafer substrate has a surface with field regions and a feature. A copper layer is plated onto the surface of the wafer substrate. The copper layer is annealed to redistribute copper from regions of the wafer substrate to the feature. Implementations of the disclosed methods, apparatus, and systems allow for void-free bottom-up fill of features in a wafer substrate.
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Citations
25 Claims
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1. A method comprising:
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(a) providing a wafer substrate to an apparatus, the wafer substrate including a surface with field regions and a feature; (b) electroplating a copper layer onto the surface of the wafer substrate; and (c) annealing the copper layer, wherein the annealing reflows the copper in the copper layer and causes redistribution of the copper from the field regions of the wafer substrate to the feature. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23)
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21. A method comprising:
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(a) providing a wafer substrate to an apparatus, the wafer substrate including a surface covered with a liner layer, the surface including field regions and a feature; (b) plating a copper layer onto the surface of the wafer substrate with an electroplating process; and (c) annealing the copper layer, wherein the annealing the copper layer is performed in a reducing atmosphere at a temperature of about 150 to 400°
C. for a duration of about 30 to 180 seconds, and wherein the annealing reflows the copper in the copper layer and causes redistribution of the copper from the field regions of the wafer substrate to the feature. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25)
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Specification