Robust automated hierarchical determination for power monitoring systems

• US 8,583,582 B2
• Filed: 01/28/2010
• Issued: 11/12/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 01/28/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Schneider Electric USA, Inc. (Schneider Electric SE)
• Original Assignee: Schneider Electric USA, Inc. (Schneider Electric SE)
• Inventors: Hasan, Amjad, Carter, Ronald W., Bickel, Jon A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Gaffin, Jeffrey A
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hill, Stanley K
• Application Number:
  US12/695,237
• Publication Number:
  US 20110184576A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,384 Days
• Field of Search: 706/52, 706/900, 706/FOR.121
• US Class Current: 706/52
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 2204/47 Methods for determining the topology or arrangement of meters in a network
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 4/002 Remote reading of utility meters
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 5/048 Fuzzy inferencing
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/30 Smart metering, e.g. specially adapted for remote reading

Abstract

An automated hierarchy classification algorithm that searches for a child monitoring device'"'"'s parent in a utility monitoring system by segmenting the device data measured by a given device pair and calculating a segment correlation coefficient for each data segment. Devices to be placed in the hierarchy are filtered by calculating the variance of their device data and eliminating devices with a low variance. Devices are ranked by computing the sum of squares of their device data and ordering the devices accordingly from highest to lowest. The device data is segmented and segment correlation coefficients are averaged to produce an overall correlation coefficient. Criteria are evaluated to determine whether a device pair is linked. A correlation coefficient is calculated using the complete data series of a device pair, and the solution produced by this approach is compared with the solution produced by segmenting the device data. If the solutions disagree, a likely candidate is determined from a fuzzy logic module.

Claims

1. A method of automatically determining how a plurality of monitoring devices are linked together in a utility monitoring system, comprising:

receiving from each of the monitoring devices respective device data that includes a plurality of values that are indicative of a characteristic of a utility measured by and stored on the corresponding monitoring device;

calculating, using one or more controllers, a first variance of the values received from a reference one of the monitoring devices;

calculating, using the one or more controllers, a second variance of the values received from a second of the monitoring devices;

responsive to the first variance or the second variance not satisfying a variance criterion, storing on one or more memory devices an indication that the corresponding monitoring device is an orphan, wherein the variance criterion includes whether the first variance or the second variance exceeds a predetermined variance threshold;

responsive to the first variance or the second variance satisfying the variance criterion, including the corresponding monitoring device in a set of non-orphaned monitoring devices;

responsive to the reference monitoring device and the second monitoring device being in the set of non-orphaned monitoring devices, segmenting, using the one or more controllers, the respective device data for the reference monitoring device and for the second monitoring device into a corresponding plurality of data segments;

calculating, using the one or more controllers, a correlation coefficient based on the data segments associated with the reference monitoring device and based on the corresponding data segments associated with the second monitoring device; and

responsive to the correlation coefficient satisfying a correlation criterion, storing an indication on the one or more memory devices that the reference monitoring device is linked to the second monitoring device in the utility monitoring system.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

ranking, using the one or more controllers, each of the non-orphaned monitoring devices in a predetermined order from a highest rank to a lowest rank starting with a top-ranked one of the non-orphaned monitoring devices; and

determining, using the one or more controllers, a top-ranked device of the non-orphaned monitoring devices based on the values measured by the monitoring devices.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the ranking the non-orphaned monitoring devices includes:

calculating, using the one or more controllers, the sum of squares of the device data for each of the non-orphaned monitoring devices; and

ordering the non-orphaned monitoring devices based on the sum of squares from highest to lowest to produce the predetermined order.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the correlation coefficient includes:

for each of the data segments, calculating a segment correlation coefficient based on each of the data segments associated with the reference monitoring device and each of the corresponding data segments associated with the second monitoring device, to produce a plurality of segment correlation coefficients; and

calculating an average of the segment correlation coefficients to produce the correlation coefficient.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the correlation criterion includes whether the correlation coefficient exceeds a predetermined correlation threshold.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the storing the indication is carried out responsive to the correlation coefficient satisfying the correlation criterion and responsive to determining that linking the reference monitoring device with the second monitoring device does not violate a law of conservation of energy.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the determining whether the law of conservation of energy is violated includes determining that the law of conservation of energy is violated responsive to the reference device consuming more energy than the second device.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the storing the indication is carried out responsive to the correlation coefficient satisfying the correlation criterion and responsive to resolving a conflict between the second monitoring device and a third monitoring device determined as also being linked to the reference monitoring device by:

calculating a second correlation coefficient based on the device data associated with the reference device and the device data associated with the third monitoring device;

responsive to the second correlation coefficient exceeding a second predetermined threshold, storing an indication that the reference monitoring device and the third monitoring device are linked.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the resolving the conflict is carried out by a fuzzy logic algorithm that includes a set of inputs and a set of rules.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the set of rules includes a first segment correlation coefficient associated with the segment data for the reference monitoring device and the segment data for the second monitoring device, a second segment correlation coefficient associated with the segment data for the reference monitoring device and the segment data for the third monitoring device, an average of the values of the device data for the reference monitoring device, an average of the values of the device data for the second monitoring device, and an average of the values of the device data for the third monitoring device.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the set of rules includes a first ratio between the average of the values of the device data for the reference monitoring device and the average of the values of the device data for the second monitoring device, the set of rules further including a second ratio between the average of the values of the device data for the reference monitoring device and the average of the values of the device data for the third monitoring device.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the set of rules includes a difference between the first ratio and the second ratio.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein the set of rules includes a difference between the first segment correlation coefficient and the second segment correlation coefficient.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein the set of inputs includes a first input that is based on the first segment correlation coefficient and the second segment correlation coefficient, a second input that is based on the average of the values of the device data for the reference monitoring device and the average of the values of the device data for the second monitoring device, a third input that is based on the average of the values of the device data for the reference monitoring device and the average of the values of the device data for the third monitoring device.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the indication includes an indication that the reference monitoring device is linked as a child to the second monitoring device in the utility monitoring system.

16. The method of claim 1, responsive to the first variance or the second variance not satisfying the variance criterion, displaying on a video display a prompt to indicate which one or more of the plurality of monitoring devices the orphan is linked to in the utility monitoring system.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein the utility is electricity, and the utility monitoring system is a power monitoring system, and wherein the characteristic includes current, voltage, or power.

18. A method of automatically determining how a plurality of monitoring devices are linked together in a utility monitoring system, comprising:

receiving from each of the monitoring devices respective device data that includes a plurality of values each indicative of a characteristic of a utility measured by and stored on the corresponding monitoring device;

for each of the device data, calculating, using one or more controllers, a variance of the values received from the corresponding monitoring device;

responsive to the variance not satisfying a variance criterion, including the corresponding monitoring device as an orphan in a set of orphaned monitoring devices;

responsive to the variance satisfying the variance criterion, including the corresponding monitoring device in a set of non-orphaned monitoring devices;

ranking, using the one or more controllers, each of the non-orphaned monitoring devices in a predetermined order from a highest rank to a lowest rank starting with a top-ranked one of the non-orphaned monitoring devices;

for a reference one the non-orphaned monitoring devices, determining whether a second one of the monitoring devices is linked to the reference monitoring device by;

segmenting the device data of the reference monitoring device into a first plurality of data segments,

segmenting the device data of the second monitoring device into a second plurality of data segments,

calculating a first correlation coefficient based on the first data segments and the second data segments,

responsive to the first correlation coefficient satisfying a first criterion, indicating, as a first solution, that the reference monitoring device and the second monitoring device are linked;

for the reference monitoring device, determining whether the second monitoring device is linked to the reference monitoring device by;

calculating a second correlation coefficient based on the device data of the reference monitoring device and the device data of the second monitoring device, and

responsive to the second correlation coefficient satisfying a second criterion, indicating, as a second solution, that the reference monitoring device and the second monitoring device are linked;

responsive to the first solution being different from the second solution, selecting one of the solutions using a fuzzy logic algorithm; and

responsive to the selecting, storing an indication which of the monitoring devices the reference monitoring device is linked to in the utility monitoring system.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the utility is electricity, and the utility monitoring system is a power monitoring system, and wherein the characteristic includes current, voltage, or power.

20. A method of automatically determining how a plurality of monitoring devices are linked together in a utility monitoring system, comprising:

receiving from each of the monitoring devices respective device data that includes a plurality of values that are indicative of a characteristic of a utility measured by and stored on the corresponding monitoring device;

calculating, using one or more controllers, a first variance of the values received from a reference one of the monitoring devices;

calculating, using the one or more controllers, a second variance of the values received from a second of the monitoring devices;

responsive to the first variance or the second variance not satisfying a variance criterion, storing on one or more memory devices an indication that the corresponding monitoring device is an orphan;

responsive to the first variance or the second variance satisfying the variance criterion, including the corresponding monitoring device in a set of non-orphaned monitoring devices;

responsive to the reference monitoring device and the second monitoring device being in the set of non-orphaned monitoring devices, segmenting, using the one or more controllers, the respective device data for the reference monitoring device and for the second monitoring device into a corresponding plurality of data segments;

calculating, using the one or more controllers, a correlation coefficient based on the data segments associated with the reference monitoring device and based on the corresponding data segments associated with the second monitoring device; and

responsive to the correlation coefficient satisfying a correlation criterion, storing an indication on the one or more memory devices that the reference monitoring device is linked to the second monitoring device in the utility monitoring system wherein the indication includes an indication that the reference monitoring device is linked as a child to the second monitoring device in the utility monitoring system.