Circuits and methods for combining signal power

• US 8,594,594 B2
• Filed: 05/19/2010
• Issued: 11/26/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 05/19/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Marvell Asia Pte Limited (Marvell Technology Group Limited)
• Original Assignee: Marvell World Trade Limited (Marvell Technology Group Limited)
• Inventors: Leong, Poh Boon
• Primary Examiner(s): Le, Lana N
• Application Number:
  US12/783,017
• Publication Number:
  US 20100297968A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,287 Days
• Field of Search: 4551271-1275, 333/137, 333/26, 333/124.R
• US Class Current: 455/127.1
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 11/001 Manufacturing waveguides or transmission lines of the waveguide type
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 5/12 Coupling devices having more than two ports H01P5/04 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 23/00 Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/245 with semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/45071 with semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/45188 Non-folded cascode stages
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/604 using FET's
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49018 with other electrical component
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49195 with end-to-end orienting

Abstract

The present disclosure includes techniques for combining signal power. In one embodiment, a plurality of power amplifiers generate amplified signals. A plurality of first transmission lines are electrically coupled outputs of the power amplifiers. Second transmission lines are magnetically coupled to the first transmission lines to receive the amplified signals. The amplified signals propagate down the second transmission lines to a central conductive region to a node. The amplified signals are added at the node. The node is coupled to an antenna terminal.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

a plurality of power amplifiers, each power amplifier having an input and an output;

a plurality of first transmission lines, wherein the output of each of the plurality of power amplifiers is directly coupled to a first end of a different one or more of the first transmission lines, and wherein a second end of each of the first transmission lines is coupled to an output of a voltage source;

a central conductive region, the central conductive region having a node coupled to an antenna terminal; and

a plurality of second transmission lines, wherein each of the second transmission lines is coupled to a different output of the plurality of power amplifiers through respective first transmission lines, wherein each of the second transmission lines includes an end electrically coupled to the central conductive region,

wherein each power amplifier receives an input signal and produces an output signal, and wherein the output signals of the plurality of power amplifiers are magnetically coupled from the first transmission lines to the second transmission lines and added at the node of the central conductive region.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first transmission lines are configured to have a first impedance and the second transmission lines are configured to have a second impedance.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein each of the first transmission lines and each of the second transmission lines have an elongated shape, and wherein the output of each power amplifier is electrically coupled to one or more first transmission lines configured in parallel with one of the second transmission lines.

4. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the output of each power amplifier is electrically coupled to one of the first transmission lines configured in parallel with one of the second transmission lines.

5. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the output of each power amplifier comprises a differential output, and wherein the differential output each power amplifier is electrically coupled to two of the first transmission lines configured in parallel with one of the second transmission lines.

6. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein each power amplifier comprises a first power amplifier having a first differential output and a second power amplifier having a second differential output, wherein a first output of the first differential output is electrically coupled to a first one of the first transmission lines configured in parallel with one of the second transmission lines, wherein a first output of the second differential output is electrically coupled to a second one of the first transmission lines configured in parallel with said one of the second transmission lines, wherein a second output of the first differential output is coupled to a first end of a third transmission line, and wherein a second output of the second differential output is coupled to a second end of the third transmission line, the third transmission line having a first portion configured in parallel with a first side of said one of the second transmission lines and a second portion configured in parallel with a second side, opposite the first side, of said one of the second transmission lines.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the central conductive region is circular and the node is at a center of the circular central conductive region.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein each of the first transmission lines and second transmission lines are rectangular, wherein the first transmission lines are arranged in parallel with the second transmission lines, and wherein the second transmission lines extend radially outward from the node.

9. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the second transmission lines are separated by equal angles around the node.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the plurality of power amplifiers, the plurality of first transmission lines, the plurality of second transmission lines, and the central conductive region are on a single integrated circuit.

11. A wireless system comprising:

an antenna;

a plurality of power amplifiers, each power amplifier having an input and an output;

a plurality of first transmission lines, wherein the output of each of the plurality of power amplifiers is directly coupled to a first end of a different one or more of the first transmission lines, and wherein a second end of each of the first transmission lines is coupled to an output of a voltage source;

a central conductive region, the central conductive region having a node coupled to an antenna terminal, wherein the antenna terminal is coupled to the antenna; and

a plurality of second transmission lines, wherein each of the second transmission lines is coupled to a different output of the plurality of power amplifiers through respective first transmission lines, wherein each of the second transmission lines includes an end electrically coupled to the central conductive region,

wherein each power amplifier receives an input signal and produces an output signal, and wherein the output signals of the plurality of power amplifiers are magnetically coupled from the first transmission lines to the second transmission lines and added at the node of the central conductive region.

12. A method comprising:

amplifying power of a signal in a plurality of power amplifiers to produce a plurality of amplified signals;

electrically coupling the amplified signals to a plurality of first transmission lines, wherein the amplified signals are directly coupled respectively to first ends of a different one or more of the first transmission lines, and wherein a second end of each of the first transmission lines is coupled to an output of a voltage source;

magnetically coupling the amplified signals from the plurality of first transmission lines to a plurality of second transmission lines, wherein each of the second transmission lines receives an amplified signal through respective first transmission lines;

electrically coupling the amplified signals from each of the second transmission lines to a central conductive region to produce an added amplified signal; and

electrically coupling the added amplified signal to an antenna terminal.

13. The method of claim 12 further comprising transforming an impedance using the first transmission lines and second transmission lines.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein each amplified signal is electrically coupled to one of the first transmission lines configured in parallel with one of the second transmission lines.

15. The method of claim 13 wherein each amplified signal comprises a differential amplified signal, and wherein each amplified signal is electrically coupled to two of the first transmission lines configured in parallel with one of the second transmission lines.

16. The method of claim 13 wherein each amplified signal comprises a first differential output signal and a second differential output signal, wherein a first component of the first differential output signal is electrically coupled to a first one of the first transmission lines configured in parallel with one of the second transmission lines, wherein a first component of the second differential output signal is electrically coupled to a second one of the first transmission lines configured in parallel with said one of the second transmission lines, and wherein a second component of the first differential output signal and a second component of the second differential output signal are coupled to opposite ends of a third transmission line having a first portion configured in parallel with a first side of said one of the second transmission lines and a second portion configured in parallel with a second side, opposite the first side, of said one of the second transmission lines.

17. The method of claim 12 wherein each of the first transmission lines and each of the second transmission lines have an elongated shape, and wherein each amplified signal is electrically coupled to one or more first transmission lines configured in parallel with one of the second transmission lines.

18. The method of claim 12 wherein the central conductive region is circular.

19. The method of claim 18 wherein the central conductive region comprises a node at a center of the central conductive region, and wherein each of the first transmission lines and second transmission lines are rectangular, wherein the second transmission lines extend radially outward from the node, wherein the second transmission lines are separated by equal angles around the node, and wherein one or more of the first transmission lines are configured in parallel with one of the second transmission lines.

20. The method of claim 12 wherein the plurality of power amplifiers, the plurality of first transmission lines, the plurality of second transmission lines, and the central conductive region are on a single integrated circuit.