Activeinvasive EEG device and technique

• US 8,594,778 B2
• Filed: 12/17/2004
• Issued: 11/26/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 12/17/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: The Board of Regents of the University of Colorado (University of Colorado System)
• Original Assignee: The Board of Regents of the University of Colorado (University of Colorado System)
• Inventors: VanSickle, David P., Winston, Ken R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Natnithithadha, Navin
• Assistant Examiner(s): BERHANU, ETSUB D
• Application Number:
  US10/581,135
• Publication Number:
  US 20070265543A1
• Time in Patent Office: 3,266 Days
• Field of Search: 600/372, 600/382, 600/383, 600/544
• US Class Current: 600/544
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0215 Silver or silver chloride containing
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/043 in a linear array
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/046 in a matrix array
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0006 ECG or EEG signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0031 Implanted circuitry
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/291 for electroencephalography [EEG]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/30 Input circuits therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4094 Diagnosing or monitoring seizure diseases, e.g. epilepsy
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0529 Electrodes for brain stimulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0531 Brain cortex electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0553 Paddle shaped electrodes, e.g. for laminotomy
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36064 Epilepsy
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37211 Means for communicating with stimulators

Abstract

An electrode device for taking a plurality of EEG measurements, and an associated method of taking EEG measurements, whereby a plurality of electrode contact-points configured atop a support member are in electrical communication with, and in relative proximity to, an integrated circuit comprising converter circuitry adapted for converting analog EEG signals measured, having originated from within a patient, into digital signals prior to transmission thereof to a processing unit. The integrated circuit/circuitry (IC) may be supported by the support member or by a lead assembly having wiring for the digital signal transmission. The support member may have a plurality of layers and be generally flexible; as fabricated of any of a number of flexible, generally insulative biocompatible materials to which circuitry may be etched or deposited, exhibiting sufficient structural integrity to decrease likelihood of degradation during surgery or once implanted.

Claims

1. An electrode device for taking a plurality of EEG measurements, comprising:

(a) a first plurality of electrode contact-points configured atop a support member, where said support member is generally flexible and comprises a plurality of layers;

(b) said first plurality of electrode contact-points in electrical communication with, and in relative proximity to, a first integrated circuit comprising converter circuitry adapted for converting analog EEG signals measured, having originated from within a patient, into a first set of digital signals prior to transmission thereof to a processing unit;

(c) said first integrated circuit in further electrical communication with a lead assembly having wiring for transmission of said first set of digital signals;

(d) a second plurality of electrode contact-points configured atop said support member and in electrical communication with a second integrated circuit comprising converter circuitry adapted for converting analog EEG signals measured by said second plurality of electrode contact-points, into a second set of digital signals;

(e) a separation marking between said second plurality of electrode contact-points in electrical communication with said second integrated circuit and said first plurality of electrode contact-points in electrical communication with said first integrated circuit, permitting a severing of said support member therealong;

(f) a quick-connect mechanism located along said lead assembly between said first integrated circuit and said processing unit, said quick-connect mechanism adapted to pull-apart upon a disturbance by said patient; and

(g) an antibiotic cuff mechanism located along said lead assembly between said quick-connect mechanism and a stabilizer of said lead assembly to a location on said patient.

2. The electrode device of claim 1 wherein:

(a) said plurality of layers of said support member comprises a power plane of electrically conductive material and a ground reference plane; and

(b) each said first integrated circuit and said second integrated circuit further comprises circuitry for digital filtering and signal analysis of said first set of digital signals and said second set of digital signals respectively.

3. The electrode device of claim 1 wherein each said first integrated circuit and said second integrated circuit further comprises circuitry for:

(a) digital filtering of said first set of digital signals and said second set of digital signals;

(b) signal analysis and processing of said first set of digital signals and said second set of digital signals to obtain a first set of processed digital signals and a second set of processed digital signals;

(c) memory storage of said first set of processed digital signals and said second set of processed digital signals;

(d) coalescing said first set of processed digital signals and said second set of processed digital signals employing a bus protocol for reducing wiring; and

(e) wireless transmission of information about said first set of processed digital signals and said second set of processed digital signals.

4. The electrode device of claim 1 wherein each said first integrated circuit and said second integrated circuit further comprises circuitry for:

(a) digital filtering and signal analysis of said first set of digital signals and said second set of digital signals; and

(b) said processing unit comprises a recorder-processor unit for receiving information about said first set of digital signals and said second set of digital signals from either of said first integrated circuit and said second integrated circuit, said recorder- processor unit adapted to be worn by said patient, and a transmission medium disposed between either of said first integrated circuit and said second integrated circuit and said recorder-processor unit.

5. The electrode device of claim 4 wherein said transmission medium is selected from the group consisting of:

(a) air, wherein said information is transmitted wirelessly, and

(b) cabling, a first end of which is in electrical communication with either of said first integrated circuit and said second integrated circuit and a second end of which is connected to said recorder-processor unit.

6. The electrode device of claim 5 wherein said cabling

further comprises the quick-connect mechanism located along said lead assembly between either of said first integrated circuit and said second integrated circuit and said recorder-processor unit, said quick- connect mechanism adapted to pull-apart upon a disturbance by said patient, and a host processor remotely located from said recorder-processor unit for further processing said information.

7. The electrode device of claim 1 wherein said processing unit further comprises:

(a) a host processor remotely located from said support member; and

(b) wherein each said first integrated circuit and said second integrated circuit is supported by said lead assembly, and said plurality of layers of said support member further comprises a power plane of electrically conductive material and a ground reference plane.

8. The electrode device of claim 1 wherein said separation marking is one or more selected from the group consisting of:

printed indicia, etching, embossing, and a physical thinning for permitting a severing of said support member therealong for removing a portion of said support member containing at least one contact-point; and

wherein a remaining portion of said support member comprises at least one of said first integrated circuit and said second integrated circuit used for measuring analog EEG signals through one of said first plurality of electrode contact-points and said second plurality of electrode contact-points of said remaining portion.

9. The electrode device of claim 1 further comprising:

(a) said second integrated circuit in electrical communication with said lead assembly; and

(b) said plurality of layers of said support member having a power plane of electrically conductive material and a ground reference plane.

10. A method of taking a plurality of EEG measurements, the method comprising:

(a) providing a first and second plurality of electrode contact-points configured atop a support member, said first plurality in electrical communication with a first integrated circuit in electrical communication with, and in relative proximity to, said first contact-points;

(b) providing a second integrated circuit in electrical communication with, and in relative proximity to, said second contact points;

(c) severing said support member along a separation marking between said first plurality of contact-points in electrical communication with said first integrated circuit and said second plurality of contact-points in electrical communication with said second integrated circuit;

(d) locating that portion of said support member comprising said first plurality and said first integrated circuit for measuring analog EEG signals, having originated from within a patient, through said first plurality of electrode contact -points;

(e) prior to said measuring analog EEG signals, joining a quick-connect mechanism adapted to pull-apart upon a disturbance by said patient, located along a lead assembly between said first integrated circuit and a host processing unit; and

(f) prior to transmitting information about said analog EEG signals to said host processing unit, converting said analog EEG signals into digital signals using circuitry of said first integrated circuit.

11. A method of taking a plurality of EEG measurements, the method comprising:

(a) providing a plurality of electrode contact-points configured atop a support member in electrical communication with an integrated circuit in relative proximity to said contact-points;

(b) severing said support member along a separation marking made between certain of said electrode contact-points and removing a portion of said support member containing at least one of said contact-points;

(c) locating a remaining portion of said support member comprising said integrated circuit, for measuring analog EEG signals, having originated from within a patient, through said electrode contact-points of said remaining portion; and

(d) prior to transmitting information about said analog EEG signals to a host processing unit, converting said analog EEG signals into digital signals using circuitry of said integrated circuit.

12. The method of claim 11:

(a) further comprising, after said step of converting said analog EEG signals and prior to a step of electrically transmitting said digital signals from said integrated circuit, the steps of;

filtering and processing said digital signals; and

(b) wherein said step of electrically transmitting from said integrated circuit comprises;

transmitting said digital signals from said integrated circuit through a lead assembly having wiring for a ground reference and for supplying power, and transmitting through a quick-connect mechanism to a recorder-processor unit worn by said patient, said quick-connect mechanism providing a connection adapted to pull-apart upon a disturbance by said patient, and thereafter on to a host processing unit.

13. The method of claim 11 further comprising, after said step of converting said analog EEG signals, a step of wirelessly transmitting electromagnetic waves comprising information about said digital signals, outwardly from an antenna wiring in electrical communication with said integrated circuit to a host processing unit.