Downscan imaging sonar

• US 8,605,550 B2
• Filed: 09/26/2012
• Issued: 12/10/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 07/14/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Navico Incorporated (Brunswick Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Navico Holding A.S. (Brunswick Corporation)
• Inventors: Maguire, Brian T.
• Primary Examiner(s): Alsomiri, Isam
• Assistant Examiner(s): HULKA, JAMES R
• Application Number:
  US13/627,318
• Publication Number:
  US 20130021876A1
• Time in Patent Office: 440 Days
• Field of Search: 367/88
• US Class Current: 367/88
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/89 for mapping or imaging
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8902 Side-looking sonar
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/96 for locating fish
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/56 Display arrangements short-range imaging G01S7/52053
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49826 Assembling or joining

Abstract

A downscan imaging sonar utilizes a linear transducer element to provide improved images of the sea floor and other objects in the water column beneath a vessel. A transducer array may include a plurality of transducer elements and each one of the plurality of transducer elements may include a substantially rectangular shape configured to produce a sonar beam having a beamwidth in a direction parallel to longitudinal length of the transducer elements that is significantly less than a beamwidth of the sonar beam in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal length of the transducer elements. The plurality of transducer elements may be positioned such that longitudinal lengths of at least two of the plurality of transducer elements are parallel to each other. The plurality of transducer elements may also include at least a first linear transducer element, a second linear transducer element and a third linear transducer element.

Claims

1. A sonar transducer assembly, comprising:

a plurality of transducer elements, each one of the plurality of transducer elements having a substantially rectangular shape configured to produce a sonar beam having a beamwidth in a direction parallel to a longitudinal length of the transducer element that is significantly less than a beamwidth of the sonar beam in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal length of the transducer element,

wherein the plurality of transducer elements are positioned such that the longitudinal lengths of the plurality of transducer elements are substantially parallel to each other, and

wherein the plurality of transducer elements include at least;

a first linear transducer element positioned within a housing and configured to project sonar pulses from a first side of the housing in a direction substantially perpendicular to a centerline of the housing,

a second linear transducer element positioned within the housing and spaced laterally from the first linear transducer element, wherein the second linear transducer element lies substantially in a plane with the first linear transducer element and is configured to project sonar pulses from a second side of the housing that is generally opposite of the first side, and is also in a direction substantially perpendicular to the centerline of the housing, and

a third linear transducer element positioned within the housing and configured to project sonar pulses in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane defined by the first and second linear transducer elements.

2. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein the first linear transducer element is positioned to project sonar pulses defining a beamwidth having a center forming about a 30 degree angle with respect to the plane, and wherein the second linear transducer element is also positioned to project sonar pulses defining a beamwidth having a center forming about a 30 degree angle with respect to the plane.

3. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein at least one transducer within the transducer assembly is configured to operate at a selected one of at least two selectable operating frequencies.

4. The transducer assembly of claim 3, wherein the selectable operating frequencies include about 455 kHz and 800 kHz.

5. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein the beamwidth of each of the transducer elements is about 0.8 degrees by about 32 degrees or about 1.4 degrees by about 56 degrees.

6. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein beams produced by each of the first, second and third transducers do not overlap with each other.

7. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein the transducer assembly includes a housing mountable to a watercraft and wherein the plurality of transducer elements are positioned within the housing.

8. The transducer assembly of claim 7, wherein the watercraft operates on a surface of a body of water.

9. The transducer assembly of claim 7, wherein the watercraft is a submersible vehicle.

10. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein the transducer assembly is configured to communicate with a single transceiver.

11. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein a length of a rectangular face of each of the transducer elements is about 120 mm and a width of the rectangular face of each of the transducer elements is about 3 mm.

12. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein the beamwidth in the direction parallel to longitudinal length of the transducer elements is less than about five percent as large as the beamwidth of the sonar beam in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal length of the transducer elements.

13. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein respective sonar beams produced by each of the first, second, and third linear transducer elements provide substantially continuous sonar coverage from one side of a vessel on which the housing is mounted to an opposite side of the vessel.

14. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein the plurality of transducer elements are positioned such that the longitudinal lengths of each of the plurality of transducer elements are substantially parallel to each other.

15. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein the housing is mountable to a vessel to generate sonar pulses defining a fan-shaped beam extending from one side of the vessel to an opposite side of the vessel.

16. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein the housing is mountable to a vessel to generate sonar pulses defining a fan-shaped beam extending from a forward end of the vessel to an aft end of the vessel.

17. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third linear transducer elements are positioned side by side with respect to each other.

18. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third linear transducer elements are positioned collinear with respect to each other.

19. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein the third linear transducer element is positioned substantially between the first and second transducer elements.

20. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein the housing has a streamlined shape.

21. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein the third linear transducer element generates signals representing depth data.

22. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein the third linear transducer element generates signals representing water column data.

23. The transducer assembly of claim 1 wherein the third linear transducer element generates signals representing bottom data.

24. The transducer assembly of claim 1 wherein the third linear transducer element generates signals representing two or more of depth data, water column data and bottom data.

25. The transducer assembly of claim 1 wherein the third linear transducer element generates signals representing data vertically below the third transducer element.

26. The transducer assembly of claim 1, wherein the plurality of transducer elements further comprises a circular transducer element producing a conical downscan beam.

27. The transducer assembly of claim 26, wherein the sonar pulses from the third linear transducer element and the sonar pulses from the circular transducer element insonify areas of the bottom that at least partially overlap.

28. The sonar system of claim 26, wherein the sonar signal returns from the circular transducer element and third linear downscan element provide generally simultaneous data.

29. The transducer assembly of claim 1, further comprising an omnidirectional bracket for adapting said transducer assembly for adjustable directional mounting.

30. The transducer assembly of claim 26, wherein the circular transducer element produces a conical beam from within the housing.

31. The transducer assembly of claim 1, further comprising shielding proximate predetermined surfaces of at least one of the transducer elements to minimize signal interference.

32. A sonar system comprising:

a sonar transducer assembly, including;

a plurality of transducer elements, each one of the plurality of transducer elements having a substantially rectangular shape configured to produce a sonar beam having a beamwidth in a direction parallel to a longitudinal length of the transducer element that is significantly less than a beamwidth of the sonar beam in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal length of the transducer element,

wherein the plurality of transducer elements are positioned such that the longitudinal lengths of the plurality of transducer elements are substantially parallel to each other, and

wherein the plurality of transducer elements include at least;

a first linear transducer element positioned within a housing and configured to project sonar pulses from a first side of the housing in a direction substantially perpendicular to a centerline of the housing,

a second linear transducer element positioned within the housing and spaced laterally from the first linear transducer element,

wherein the second linear transducer element lies substantially in a plane with the first linear transducer element and is configured to project sonar pulses from a second side of the housing that is generally opposite of the first side, and is also in a direction substantially perpendicular to the centerline of the housing, and

a third linear transducer element positioned within the housing and configured to project sonar pulses in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane defined by the first and second linear transducer elements; and

a sonar module configured to enable operable communication with the transducer assembly, the sonar module including;

a sonar signal processor to process sonar return signals received via the transducer assembly, and

a transceiver configured to provide communication between the transducer assembly and the sonar signal processor.

33. The sonar system of claim 32, wherein the sonar module further comprises an Ethernet hub in communication with the signal processor.

34. The sonar system of claim 32, wherein the sonar module is provided within a single housing.

35. The sonar system of claim 34, wherein the housing has a streamlined shape.

36. The sonar system of claim 32, further comprising at least one visual display presenting an image representing the processed sonar return signals.

37. The sonar system of claim 36, wherein the display and the sonar module are in the same housing.

38. The sonar system of claim 36, wherein at least one display of the plurality of displays is enabled to simultaneously provide different images representing different information from the processed sonar return signals.

39. The sonar system of claim 32, wherein the sonar module further comprises configuration settings defining a predefined set of display images that may be presented.

40. The sonar system of claim 32, wherein the first linear transducer element is positioned to project sonar pulses defining a beamwidth having a center forming about a 30 degree angle with respect to the plane, and wherein the second linear transducer element is also positioned to project sonar pulses defining a beamwidth having a center forming about a 30 degree angle with respect to the plane.

41. The sonar system of claim 32, wherein the transducer assembly is configured to operate at a selected one of at least two selectable operating frequencies.

42. The sonar system of claim 41, wherein the selectable operating frequencies include about 455 kHz and 800 kHz.

43. The sonar system of claim 32, wherein beams produced by each of the first, second and third linear transducers do not overlap with each other.

44. The sonar system of claim 32, wherein the transducer assembly includes the housing being mountable to a watercraft and wherein the plurality of transducer elements are positioned within the housing.

45. The sonar system of claim 32, wherein the housing is mountable to a vessel to generate sonar pulses defining a fan-shaped beam extending from one side of the vessel to an opposite side of the vessel.

46. The sonar system of claim 32, wherein the transceiver comprises a single transceiver configured to provide communication between the plurality of transducer elements of the transducer assembly and the sonar signal processor.

47. The sonar system of claim 32, wherein the sonar signal processor is configured to display images of sonar data in which images corresponding to data received via the first and second linear transducers provide data regarding bottom features over greater than about fifty percent of a display screen when displayed and images corresponding to data received via the third linear transducer provide data regarding bottom features over less than fifty percent of a display screen when displayed.

48. The sonar system of claim 32, wherein the sonar signal processor is configured to display images of sonar data corresponding to data received via the third linear transducer representing bottom data.

49. The sonar system of claim 32, wherein the sonar signal processor is configured to display images of sonar data corresponding to data received via the third linear transducer representing water column data.

50. The sonar system of claim 32, wherein the sonar signal processor is configured to display images of sonar data corresponding to data received via the third linear transducer representing depth data.

51. The sonar system of claim 32, wherein the sonar signal processor is configured to display images of sonar data corresponding to data received via the third linear transducer representing two or more of depth data, water column data and bottom data.

52. The sonar system of claim 32 wherein the sonar signal processor is configured to display images of sonar data corresponding to data received via the third transducer element representing data vertically below the third transducer.

53. The sonar system of claim 32 further comprising a circular transducer element producing a conical downscan beam.

54. The sonar system of claim 53 wherein the sonar pulses from the third linear transducer element and the sonar pulses from the circular transducer element sonify areas of the bottom that at least partially overlap.

55. The sonar system of claim 53 wherein the sonar signal returns from the circular transducer element and third linear downscan element provide generally simultaneous data.

56. The sonar system of claim 32 further comprising a circular transducer element producing a conical downscan beam from within the housing.

57. A sonar transducer assembly for imaging an underwater environment beneath a watercraft traveling on a surface of a body of water, the sonar transducer assembly comprising:

a housing mountable to the watercraft;

a linear downscan transducer element positioned within the housing, the linear downscan transducer element having a substantially rectangular shape configured to produce a fan-shaped sonar beam having a relatively narrow beamwidth in a direction parallel to a longitudinal length of the linear downscan transducer element and a relatively wide beamwidth in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal length of the transducer element, the linear downscan transducer element being positioned with the longitudinal length thereof extending in a fore-to-aft direction of the housing,

wherein the linear downscan transducer element is positioned within the housing to project fan-shaped sonar beams in a direction substantially perpendicular to a plane corresponding to the surface of the body of water, said sonar beams being repeatedly emitted so as to sequentially insonify different fan-shaped regions of the underwater environment as the watercraft travels;

a first linear sidescan transducer element and a second linear sidescan transducer element positioned within the housing, each of the first and second linear sidescan transducer elements having a substantially rectangular shape, extending in the fore-to-aft direction of the housing, and each configured to produce a fan-shaped sonar beam having a relatively narrow beamwidth in a direction parallel to a longitudinal length of the linear downscan transducer element and a relatively wide beamwidth in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal length of the transducer element, and being oriented in the housing so as to insonify respective fan-shaped regions differing from the fan-shaped regions insonified by the linear downscan transducer element.