Multiple image collection and synthesis for personnel screening

• US 8,605,859 B2
• Filed: 03/15/2011
• Issued: 12/10/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 04/09/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: American Science and Engineering Incorporated (OSI Systems Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: American Science and Engineering Incorporated (OSI Systems Incorporated)
• Inventors: Mastronardi, Richard, Fleury, Dean, Schubert, Jeffrey R., DiMare, Joseph, Schueller, Richard, Chalmers, Alexander
• Primary Examiner(s): Ho, Allen C.
• Application Number:
  US13/047,878
• Publication Number:
  US 20110164726A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,001 Days
• Field of Search: 378/57, 378 86- 90, 378/146, 378/189, 378/190, 378196-198
• US Class Current: 378/90
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 23/20083 by using a combination of at least two measurements at least one being a transmission measurement and one a scatter measurement
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 23/203 Measuring back scattering
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 5/20 Detecting prohibited goods, e.g. weapons, explosives, hazardous substances, contraband or smuggled objects
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 5/22 Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 5/222 measuring scattered radiation

Abstract

An apparatus and method for inspecting personnel or their effects. A first and second carriage each carries a source for producing a beam of penetrating radiation incident on a given subject. A positioner provides for relative motion of each beam vis-à-vis the subject in a motion, the vertical component of which is one-way. A detector receives radiation produced by at least one of the sources after the radiation interacts with the subject.

Claims

1. An imaging apparatus for detecting a concealed object carried on a stationary human body comprising:

a first module comprising a first X-ray source for producing a first pencil beam of X-rays directed toward said human body and a first detector assembly providing a signal representative of the intensity of the X-rays scattered from said human body as a result of being scanned by the first X-ray source, said first detector assembly being disposed on a same side of said human body as said first X-ray source and having an active area for receiving a portion of said scattered X-rays from said human body as a result of being scanned by said first X-ray source and a portion of transmitted X-rays from a second module;

the second module comprising a second X-ray source for producing a second pencil beam of X-rays directed toward said human body and a second detector assembly providing a signal representative of the intensity of the X-rays scattered from said human body as a result of being scanned by said second X-ray source, said second detector assembly being disposed on a same side of said human body as said second X-ray source and having an active area for receiving a portion of said scattered X-rays from said human body as a result of being scanned by said second X-ray source and a portion of transmitted X-rays from the first module;

a processor for processing detector signals generated from said first detector assembly and said second detector assembly to form at least one image; and

a controller for causing the first module or the second module to move vertically while said human body remains stationary.

2. The imaging apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an enclosure having four walls.

3. The imaging apparatus of claim 2, further comprising at least one ceiling and at least one floor.

4. The imaging apparatus of claim 1 wherein said controller causes said first module to scan the human body while the second X-ray source is not activated.

5. The imaging apparatus of claim 1 wherein said controller causes said second module to scan the human body while the first X-ray source is not activated.

6. The imaging apparatus of claim 1 wherein said controller causes the first module and the second module to move vertically in a coordinated motion.

7. The imaging apparatus of claim 1 wherein the processor is adapted to process signals representative of the intensity of the X-rays scattered from said human body as a result of being scanned by the first X-ray source from the first detector assembly and signals representative of the intensity of the X-rays scattered from said human body as a result of being scanned by the second X-ray source from the second detector assembly to generate said image.

8. The imaging apparatus of claim 1 wherein said processor is adapted to process signals representative of the intensity of the transmitted X-rays from the first module to form a shadow image of the human body.

9. The imaging apparatus of claim 1 wherein said processor is adapted to process signals representative of the intensity of the transmitted X-rays from the second module to form a shadow image of the human body.

10. The imaging apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first module and second module sequentially scan the human body.

11. The imaging apparatus of claim 1 wherein said controller causes the first module and second module to move vertically in a synchronous manner such that, while the first detector assembly captures backscattered image signals, the second detector assembly captures transmitted signals that are not absorbed or backscattered by the human body.

12. The imaging apparatus of claim 1 wherein said controller causes the first module and second module to move vertically in a synchronous manner such that, while the second detector assembly captures backscattered image signals, the first detector assembly captures transmitted signals that are not absorbed or backscattered by the human body.

13. The imaging apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a display for presenting said at least one image to an operator.

14. An imaging apparatus for detecting a concealed object carried on a stationary human body comprising:

a first module comprising a first X-ray source and a first detector assembly, said first detector assembly being disposed on a same side of said human body as said first X-ray source and having an active area for receiving a portion of X-rays scattered from said human body as a result of being scanned by said first X-ray source and a portion of transmitted X-rays from a second module;

the second module comprising a second X-ray source and a second detector assembly, said second detector assembly being disposed on a same side of said human body as said second X-ray source and having an active area for receiving a portion of said scattered X-rays from said human body as a result of being scanned by said second X-ray source and a portion of transmitted X-rays from the first module, wherein said first and second modules are parallel to each other; and

a processor for processing detector signals generated from said first detector assembly and said second detector assembly to form at least one image, wherein said processor is adapted to process signals representative of the intensity of the X-rays scattered from said human body as a result of being scanned by the first X-ray source from the first detector assembly and signals representative of the intensity of the X-rays scattered from said human body as a result of being scanned by the second X-ray source from the second detector assembly to generate the at least one image;

and a controller for causing the first module or the second module to move vertically while said human body remains stationary.

15. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein the first module and the second module sequentially scan the human body.

16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein said controller causes the first module and second module to move vertically in a synchronous manner such that, while the first detector array captures backscattered image signals, the second detector array captures transmitted signals that are not absorbed or backscattered by the human body.

17. The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising a display for presenting said at least one image to an operator.