Controlling inductive power transfer systems

• US 8,610,400 B2
• Filed: 08/02/2011
• Issued: 12/17/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 05/11/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Philips IP Ventures B.V. (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Original Assignee: Access Business Group International LLC (Alticor Incorporated)
• Inventors: Stevens, Michael Craig, Knill, Alexander Charles, Dunton, John Robert
• Primary Examiner(s): DIAO, M BAYE
• Application Number:
  US13/196,298
• Publication Number:
  US 20110285214A1
• Time in Patent Office: 868 Days
• Field of Search: 320/108, 307/104
• US Class Current: 320/108
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/40 using two or more transmitting or receiving devices H02J50/50 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/60 responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00302 Overcharge protection
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 for data transfer in combination with power transfer

Abstract

An inductive power transfer system comprises a primary unit, having a primary coil and an electrical drive unit which applies electrical drive signals to the primary coil so as to generate an electromagnetic field. The system also comprises at least one secondary device, separable from the primary unit and having a secondary coil which couples with the field when the secondary device is in proximity to the primary unit. A control unit causes a circuit including said primary coil to operate, during a measurement period, in an undriven resonating condition. In this condition the application of the drive signals to the primary coil by the electrical drive unit is suspended so that energy stored in the circuit decays over the course of the period. A decay measurement unit takes one or more measures of such energy decay during the measurement period. In dependence upon said one or more energy decay measures, the control unit controls the electrical drive unit so as to restrict or stop inductive power transfer from the primary unit.

Claims

1. A method of controlling inductive power transfer in an inductive power transfer system comprising a primary unit capable of operating in a normal operation mode, a first operation mode, and a second operation mode, the primary unit having a primary to which electrical drive signals are applied to generate a field, and also comprising at least one secondary device, separable from the primary unit and having a secondary adapted to couple with said field when the secondary device is in proximity to the primary unit so that power can be transferred inductively from the primary unit to the secondary device without direct electrical conductive contacts therebetween, which method comprises:

transferring power inductively, in the normal operation mode, from the primary unit to the at least one secondary device;

entering the first operation mode in response to a substantial parasitic load being detected in proximity to the primary unit, wherein, in the first operation mode, the primary unit probes to determine whether to enter the normal operation mode or the second operation mode;

entering a second operation mode in response to the at least one secondary device being at least one of removed from proximity to the primary unit and no longer desiring power from the primary unit, wherein, in the second operation mode, the primary unit probes to determine whether to enter the normal operation mode or the first operation mode.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the first operation mode is distinguishable from the second operation mode, and wherein the first operation mode is a shutdown mode and the second operation mode is a standby mode.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the normal operation mode includes periodically determining (a) if the at least one secondary device present in proximity to the primary unit requires power and (b) if a substantial parasitic load is in proximity to the primary unit.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the first operation mode of the primary unit consumes less power than the normal operation mode.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein said entering the second operation mode is performed in response to removal of the substantial parasitic load from proximity to the primary unit and at least one of (a) the at least one secondary device being removed from proximity to the primary unit and (b) the at least one secondary device not needing power from the primary unit.

6. The method of claim 1 further comprising leaving the first operation mode in response to detecting removal of the substantial parasitic load from proximity to the primary unit.

7. The method of claim 1 further comprising leaving the second operation mode in response to at least one of (a) the at least one secondary device being placed in proximity to the primary unit and (b) the at least one secondary device desiring power from the primary unit.

8. A primary unit for transferring power inductively to at least one secondary device, the primary unit comprising:

a primary element;

electrical drive circuitry connected to the primary element, the electrical drive circuitry for driving the primary element to generate a field; and

a controller unit for operating the primary unit in a normal operation mode, a standby mode, and a shutdown mode, the controller capable of controlling the electrical drive circuitry to transfer power inductively to the at least one secondary device and detecting presence of a substantial parasitic load in proximity to the primary unit,

wherein, in the normal operation mode, the controller transfers power inductively to the at least one secondary device,

wherein the controller operates the primary unit in a shutdown mode based on detecting presence of the substantial parasitic load in proximity to the primary unit,

wherein the controller operates the primary unit in a standby mode based on determining that the at least one secondary device is at least one of (a) removed from proximity to the primary unit and (b) no longer desiring power from the primary unit.

9. The primary unit of claim 8 wherein the standby mode is distinguishable from the shutdown mode.

10. The primary unit of claim 8 wherein, in the standby mode, the controller determines whether to at least one of continue in the standby mode, operate in the shutdown mode, and operate in the normal operation mode.

11. The primary unit of claim 8 wherein, in the shutdown mode, the controller determines whether to at least one of continue in the shutdown mode, operate in the standby mode, and operate in the normal operation mode.

12. The primary unit of claim 8 wherein the standby mode consumes less power than the normal operation mode.

13. The primary unit of claim 8 wherein the controller operates in the standby mode in response to removal of the substantial parasitic load from proximity to the primary unit and at least one of (a) the at least one secondary device being removed from proximity to the primary unit and (b) the at least one secondary device not needing power from the primary unit.

14. The primary unit of claim 8 wherein the controller changes operation from the shutdown mode to the normal operation mode or the standby mode in response to removal of the substantial parasitic load from proximity to the primary unit.

15. The primary unit of claim 8 wherein the controller changes operation from the standby mode to the normal operation mode in response to at least one of (a) the at least one secondary device being placed in proximity to the primary unit and (b) the at least one secondary device desiring power from the primary unit.