Security based on subliminal and supraliminal channels for data objects

• US 8,612,765 B2
• Filed: 03/25/2012
• Issued: 12/17/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 09/20/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Wistaria Trading Inc.
• Original Assignee: Blue Spike LLC (Blue Spike, Inc.)
• Inventors: Moskowitz, Scott A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lipman, Jacob
• Application Number:
  US13/429,396
• Publication Number:
  US 20120278627A1
• Time in Patent Office: 632 Days
• Field of Search: 713/176
• US Class Current: 713/176
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/10 Protecting distributed programs or content, e.g. vending or licensing of copyrighted material protection in video systems or pay television H04N7/16 ; Digital rights management [DRM]
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/16 Program or content traceability, e.g. by watermarking
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/3823 combining multiple encryption tools for a transaction
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/06 Buying, selling or leasing transactions
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 1/0071 using multiple or alternating watermarks
• CPC Class Codes: H04K 1/00 Secret communication
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2209/608 Watermarking
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2463/101 applying security measures for digital rights management data processing systems or methods, specially adapted for commerce, e.g. marketing, shopping, billing, auctions or e-commerce G06Q30/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2463/102 applying security measure for e-commerce data processing systems or methods, specially adapted for e-commerce G06Q30/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/0428 wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/12 Applying verification of the received information cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for data integrity or data verification H04L9/32
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/3236 using cryptographic hash functions

Abstract

This invention relates to security for data objects; more particularly, the present invention relates to improved security based on subliminal and supraliminal channels for data objects. In another embodiment, a method of protecting a data object comprises: steganographically encoding a subset of candidate bits in a digitized sample stream; perceptibly manipulating data in the digitized sample stream; and combining the imperceptible and perceptible data changes to create a secure/unique digital sample stream. In yet another embodiment, a method for securing a data signal comprises: preanalyzing said data signal for candidate watermark/signature bits; steganographically encoding independent data into the data signal into a subset of the candidate watermark bits, at least one time; and encoding the data signal subsequently with a perceptible technique.

Claims

1. A method of protecting a data object comprising:

determining a set of candidate bits in a digitized sample stream;

steganographically encoding a subset of bits of said set of candidate bits, so that values of bits of said subset are changed by an amount below a perceptibility threshold;

perceptibly manipulating data in the digitized sample stream by changing the value of at least one bit of said set of candidate bits that is not a bit in said subset, by more than a perceptibility threshold;

whereby said steganographically encoding and said perceptibly manipulating results in a secure/unique digital sample stream.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein:

said steganographic encoding comprises using at least one cryptographically generated key.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein:

said steganographic encoding comprises encoding cryptographically generated key pairs.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein:

said steganographic encoding comprises encoding at least one digital watermark.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising preanalyizing said digital sample stream to determine a perceptibility threshold for said set of candidate bits.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising preanalyizing said digital sample stream to determine a perceptibility threshold prior to said perceptibly manipulating.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

subsequently to said perceptibly manipulating, manipulating data with a perceptible ciphering technique.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising performing another steganographically encoding step and another perceptibly manipulating step on another instance of the digitized sample stream with the same set of candidate bits but encoding different data in at least one of the steganographically encoding and perceptibly manipulating steps.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein said set of candidate bits comprises a subset of all bits in said digitized sample stream.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising independent modulating:

a relationship between the perceptible and imperceptible changes with a transfer function.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein:

the relationship between the perceptible and imperceptible changes have logical relationships determined by at least one of a plurality of cryptographically generated keys and key pairs.

12. A method for securing a data signal comprising:

preanalyzing said data signal for a set of candidate watermark/signature bits;

steganographically encoding independent data into the data signal into a subset of the set of candidate watermark/signature bits, at least one time; and

encoding the data signal subsequently with a perceptible technique by changing at least one of the set of candidate watermark bits not in said subset.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the step of preanalyzing said data signal for candidate watermarks/signature bits comprises measuring at least one of entropy, noise, and a subliminal channel.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein said set of candidate watermark/signature bits defines less than all of said data signal.

15. A method of protecting a data signal comprising:

imperceptibly embedding data using a watermarking technique that uses a private key, thereby providing embedded data;

perceptibly signing the embedded data using a receiver'"'"'s public key, thereby providing signed embedded data;

encrypting the signed embedded data using the receiver'"'"'s public key and the said private key, thereby providing embedded signed encrypted data; and

transmitting a data signal comprising said embedded signed encrypted data.

16. A method for securing a data signal comprising:

preanalyzing said data signal for a set of candidate watermark/signature bits;

steganographically encoding independent data into the data signal into a subset of the set of candidate watermark/signature bits, at least one time; and

subsequently steganographically encoding the remainder of said subset of bits.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein said set of candidate watermark/signature bits defines less than all of said data signal.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein:

said encoding said subset of the set of candidate watermark/signature bits is performed with at least one of a separate predetermined key and a key pair.

19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:

generating a pattern of 1s and 0s; and

embedding the pattern of 1s and 0s into the data signal.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein said encoding said remainder comprises encoding with a second set of independent data, further comprising:

using a third predetermined key to perceptibly encode a third set independent data.

21. The method of claim 20, further comprising:

decoding the third set of independent data; and

authenticating the accuracy of the content of the third set of independent data as a means of authenticating the data signal.

22. The method of claim 20, further comprising:

using a fourth predetermined key to imperceptibly encode a fourth set independent data.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising:

decoding the fourth set of independent data, wherein the fourth data set was encoded using a public key of a user and the decoding is accomplished using a private key of the user, said private key and public key corresponding to a public/private key-pair for the user.

24. The method of claim 21, wherein the second set of independent data includes a user identifier, further comprising:

decoding the second set of independent data; and

extracting the user identifier.

25. A method for protecting a data signal comprising:

using a predetermined key to imperceptibly encode a data stream with a first set of independent data;

providing a housing to house said data stream; and

placing on the housing a perceptible machine-readable unique identifier that has a logical relationship to said independent data.

26. A device for securing a data signal said device comprising:

a receiver for receiving the data signal;

an analyzer to analyze said data signal for a set of candidate watermark bits;

wherein said set of candidate watermark bits consists of a subset and a remainder;

an encoder for steganographically encoding independent data into the data signal into said subset of the set of candidate watermark bits, at least one time; and

an encoder for steganographically encoding the remainder of said candidate watermark bits.

27. The device of claim 26, wherein said device includes a decoder for detecting at least one of a plurality of candidate watermark bits.

28. The device of claim 26, wherein said analyzer can determine a perceptibility threshold.

29. The device of claim 26, wherein said encoder includes a processor for processing keys.

30. The method of claim 26, wherein said set of candidate watermark bits defines less than all of said data signal.