Highly scalable application network appliances with virtualized services

• US 8,621,573 B2
• Filed: 04/11/2008
• Issued: 12/31/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 08/28/2007
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Bagepalli, Nagaraj, Gandhi, Prashant, Patra, Abhijit, Prabhu, Kirti, Thakar, Anant
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Thuong
• Assistant Examiner(s): LINDSEY, MATTHEW S
• Application Number:
  US12/101,871
• Publication Number:
  US 20090064288A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,090 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 726/4
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/20 Traffic policing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/02 for separating internal from external traffic, e.g. firewalls
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/0428 wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/166 at the transport layer
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/205 involving negotiation or determination of the one or more network security mechanisms to be used, e.g. by negotiation between the client and the server or between peers or by selection according to the capabilities of the entities involved negotiation of communication capabilities H04L69/24
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/16 Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/161 Implementation details of TCP/IP or UDP/IP stack architecture; Specification of modified or new header fields
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/321 Interlayer communication protocols or service data unit [SDU] definitions; Interfaces between layers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/3242 involving keyed hash functions, e.g. message authentication codes [MACs], CBC-MAC or HMAC
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 70/5827 Axially movable clutch

Abstract

An application network appliance with virtualized services is described herein. According to one embodiment, a packet of a network transaction is received from a client for accessing an application server of a datacenter, where the network element operates as an application services gateway of the datacenter. A context associated with the application server is identified based on the packet, including information that identifies application services to be performed on the packet and resources to be allocated for performing the application services. A context includes information representing a logical instance of physical resources of the network element shared by multiple contexts. One or more application services are performed on the packet using the resources identified by the context. Other methods and apparatuses are also described.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

at a network element, receiving one or more packets of a network transaction from a client over a first network for accessing an application server of a datacenter over a second network;

storing meta-data associated with each of the packets, wherein the meta-data stores information for communication links and including session information and transaction information of the packets in the form of unique communication identifiers and information for converting a protocol data unit (PDU) of the packet into a data stream for application layer processing;

identifying a context associated with application services to be performed on the received packets based on a priority level assigned to each of the packets, the context including authorization and authentication policies;

associating the context with the received packets;

splitting processing operations of the packets into two independent processing domains such that a first processing domain is for layer 2 network service processing of the packets and a second processing domain is for layer 7 application service processing of the packets;

providing one or more virtual communication links which share a single physical link that maps to a network unit having multiple network servers and application servers and wherein each of the virtual communication links of the physical link is associated with at least one network server of the network unit to provide the layer 2 network service processing on each of the received packets and at least one application server of the network unit to provide the layer 7 application service processing on each of the received packets based on the identified context;

mapping the received packets to the one or more virtual communication links based on the context and application services to be provided on the received packets such that the virtual links provide differentiated application services on the packets based on a service level associated with the context in order to control processing resources of the network element; and

designating one or more packets as high priority packets based on the service level associated with the packets to guarantee isolation of the context and domain of the packet based on one or more service policies set by the application server; and

mapping the high priority packets to one of the virtual communication links designated as a high priority virtual communication link such that the high priority packets are mapped to the at least one network server and the at least one application server of the network unit before other packets.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying comprises identifying the context based on a destination internet protocol (IP) address and layer-4 information specified within the received packets.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein mapping comprises mapping the received packets to a particular application server of the datacenter associated with a particular business unit of an enterprise.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein providing comprises providing the one or more virtual communication links that map to multiple network units, wherein each network unit comprises one or more policy domains that specify multiple policies as to how the application services are to be performed on the packets.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising authenticating a user associated with the packets using the authentication policy identified by the policy domains.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising authorizing the user associated with the packets using the authorization policy identified by the policy domains.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein authorizing comprises authorizing the user using one or more user attributes with respect to the application servers to determine whether the user is eligible to access the application servers.

8. The method of claim 4, wherein providing comprises providing the one or more virtual communication links that map to multiple network units that comprise one or more application proxies, wherein each application proxy identifies types of one or more application services to be performed on the received packets.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising performing application services at the network element that comprises a plurality of service modules, and identifying with an application proxy which of the service modules to perform the application services, wherein the application proxy further identifies hardware resources allocated to the identified service modules.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein mapping comprises mapping the received packets to the virtual communication links based on the priority level assigned to the packets.

24. The method of claim 2, wherein identifying the context based on the destination IP address and layer-4 information comprises isolating the context from layer-2 to layer-4 information associated with another context.

10. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored therein, which when executed by a machine, cause the machine to:

receive one or more packets of a network transaction from a client over a first network for accessing an application server of a datacenter over a second network;

store meta-data associated with each of the packets, wherein the meta-data stores information for communication links and including session information and transaction information of the packets in the form of unique communication identifiers and information for converting a protocol data unit (PDU) of the packet into a data stream for application layer processing;

identify a context associated with application services to be performed on the received packets based on a priority level assigned to each of the packets, the context including authorization and authentication policies;

associate the context with the received packets;

split processing operations of the packets into two independent processing domains such that a first processing domain is for layer 2 network service processing of the packets and a second processing domain is for layer 7 application service processing of the packets;

provide one or more virtual communication links which share a single physical link that maps to a network unit having multiple network servers and application servers and wherein each of the virtual communication links of the physical link is associated with at least one network server of the network unit to provide the layer 2 network service processing on each of the received packets and at least one application server of the network unit to provide the layer 7 application service processing on each of the received packets based on the identified context;

map the received packets to one or more virtual communication links based on the context and application services to be provided on the received packets such that the virtual links provide differentiated application services on the received packets based on a service level associated with the context in order to control processing resources of the network element; and

designate one or more packets as high priority packets based on the service level associated with the packets to guarantee isolation of the context and domain of the packet based on one or more service policies set by the application server; and

map the high priority packets to one of the virtual communication links designated as a high priority virtual communication link such that the high priority packets are mapped to the at least one network server and the at least one application server of the network unit before other packets.

11. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein the instructions that cause the machine to identify comprise instructions that cause the machine to identify the context based on a destination internet protocol (IP) address and layer-4 information specified within the received packets.

12. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein the instructions that cause the machine to map the received packets comprise instructions that cause the machine to map the received packets to a particular application server of the datacenter associated with a particular business unit of an enterprise.

13. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein the instructions that cause the machine to provide the one or more virtual communication links comprise instructions that cause the machine to provide one or more virtual communication links that map to multiple network units, wherein each network unit comprises one or more policy domains that specify multiple policies as to how the application services are to be performed on the received packets.

14. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 13, further comprising instructions that cause the machine to authenticate a user associated with the packets using the authentication policy identified by the policy domains.

15. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 14, further comprising instructions that cause the machine to authorize the user associated with the packets using the authorization policy identified by the policy domains.

16. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the instructions that cause the machine to authorize comprise instructions that cause the machine to authorize the user using one or more user attributes with respect to the application servers to determine whether the user is eligible to access the application servers.

17. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the instructions that cause the machine to provide the one or more virtual communication links comprise instructions that cause the machine to provide one or more virtual communication links that map to multiple network units that comprise one or more application proxies, wherein each application proxy identifies types of one or more application services to be performed on the received packets.

18. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 17, further comprising instructions that cause the machine to perform application services at the network element that comprises a plurality of service modules, wherein an application proxy identifies which of the service modules to perform the application services and further identifies hardware resources allocated to the identified service modules.

20. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein the instructions that cause the machine to map comprise instructions that cause the machine to map the received packets to the virtual communication links based on the priority level assigned to the packets.

25. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 11, wherein the instructions that cause the machine to identify the context based on a destination IP address and layer-4 information comprises instructions that cause the machine to isolate the context from layer-2 to layer-4 information associated with another context.

21. An apparatus comprising:

a network interface;

a memory; and

a processor coupled to the network interface and memory, and configured to;

receive one or more packets of a network transaction from a client over a first network for accessing an application server of a datacenter over a second network;

store meta-data associated with each of the packets, wherein the meta-data stores information for communication links and including session information and transaction information of the packets in the form of unique communication identifiers and information for converting a protocol data unit (PDU) of the packet into a data stream for application layer processing;

identify a context associated with application services to be performed on the received packets based on a priority level assigned to each of the packets, the context including authorization and authentication policies;

associate the context with the received packets;

split processing operations of the packets into two independent processing domains such that a first processing domain is for layer 2 network service processing of the packets and a second processing domain is for layer 7 application service processing of the packets;

provide one or more virtual communication links which share a single physical link that maps to a network unit having multiple network servers and application servers and wherein each of the virtual communication links of the physical link is associated with at least one network server of the network unit to provide the layer 2 network service processing on each of the received packets and at least one application server of the network unit to provide the layer 7 application service processing on each of the received packets based on the identified context;

map the received packets to the one or more virtual communication links based on the context and application services to be provided on the received packets such that the virtual links provide differentiated application services on the received packets based on a service level associated with the context in order to control processing resources of the apparatus; and

designate one or more packets as high priority packets based on the service level associated with the packets to guarantee isolation of the context and domain of the packet based on one or more service policies set by the application server; and

map the high priority packets to one of the virtual communication links designated as a high priority virtual communication link such that the high priority packets are mapped to the at least one network server and the at least one application server of the network unit before other packets.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the processor is further configured to provide the one or more virtual communication links that map to multiple network units, wherein each network unit comprises one or more policy domains that specify multiple policies as to how the application services are to be performed on the received packets.

23. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the processor is further configured to map the received packets to the virtual communication links based on the priority level assigned to the received packets.