Frequency mixer having parallel mixer cores

• US 8,624,658 B1
• Filed: 07/30/2012
• Issued: 01/07/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 07/30/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. (Analog Devices, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. (Analog Devices, Inc.)
• Inventors: Jones, Theron L., Imbornone, James, Davis, Richard D., Wang, Xuejin
• Primary Examiner(s): Le, Dinh T.
• Application Number:
  US13/561,529
• Time in Patent Office: 526 Days
• Field of Search: 327355-361, 455/323, 455/326
• US Class Current: 327/355
• CPC Class Codes: H03D 2200/0023 Balun circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H03D 2200/0043 Bias and operating point
• CPC Class Codes: H03D 7/1441 using field-effect transistors H03D7/145 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03D 7/1458 Double balanced arrangements, i.e. where both input signals are differential

Abstract

A frequency mixer having parallel mixer cores is described that is configured to heterodyne a signal. In an implementation, the frequency mixer includes a first mixer core and a second mixer core. A first balun is connected to the first mixer core and configured to furnish a LO signal occurring in a first range of frequencies to the first mixer core. The mixer includes a second balun coupled to the second mixer core, and the second balun is configured to furnish a LO signal occurring in a second range of frequencies during a second time interval. The mixer includes a first biasing voltage source that is center tapped to the first balun and a second biasing voltage source is center tapped to the second balun to further prevent operation of the at least substantially non-operational mixer core.

Claims

1. A frequency mixer comprising:

a first mixer core coupled to a radio frequency (RF) port and an intermediate frequency (IF) port;

a second mixer core coupled to the RF port and the IF port;

a first local oscillator (LO) balun coupled to the first mixer core, the first LO balun configured to furnish a first LO signal to the first mixer core during a first time interval;

a second LO balun coupled to the second mixer core, the second LO balun configured to furnish a second LO signal to the second mixer core during a second time interval, the first time interval different than the second time interval;

a first biasing voltage source electrically connected to the first LO balun, the first biasing voltage source configured to furnish a negative direct current (DC) voltage to the first mixer core when the first mixer core is at least substantially non-operational;

a second biasing voltage source electrically connected to the second LO balun, the second biasing voltage source configured to furnish the negative DC voltage to the second mixer core when the second mixer core is at least substantially non-operational;

a first driver coupled to the first LO balun, the first driver configured to amplify the first LO signal during the first time interval;

a second driver coupled to the second LO balun, the second driver configured to amplify the second LO signal during the second time interval; and

control circuitry operatively coupled to the first driver, the second driver, the first biasing voltage source the second biasing voltage source, the control circuitry configured to selectively power the first driver during the first time interval and to selectively power the second driver during the second time interval, the control circuitry configured to cause the first biasing voltage source to furnish a negative direct current (DC) voltage to the first mixer core when the first mixer core is at least substantially non-operational and to cause the second biasing voltage source to furnish the negative DC voltage to the second mixer core when the second mixer core is at least substantially non-operational.

2. The frequency mixer as recited in claim 1, wherein the first biasing voltage source is electrically connected to the first LO balun via a center tap connection and the second biasing voltage source is electrically connected to the second LO balun via a center tap connection.

3. The frequency mixer as recited in claim 1, wherein the first biasing voltage source is connected to a first differential impedance feed, the first differential impedance feed connected to the first LO balun, the first biasing voltage source configured to furnish a negative voltage to the first differential impedance feed when the first mixer core is at least substantially non-operational, wherein the second biasing voltage source is connected to a second differential impedance feed, the second differential impedance feed connected to the second LO balun, the second biasing voltage source configured to furnish a negative voltage to the second differential impedance feed when the second mixer core is at least substantially non-operational.

4. The frequency mixer as recited in claim 1, further comprising a positive direct current (DC) biasing voltage source coupled to IF ports, the DC biasing voltage source configured to furnish a positive DC voltage to the IF ports.

5. The frequency mixer as recited in claim 1, wherein the first LO balun and the second LO balun include a primary winding portion and a secondary winding portion, wherein a first biasing voltage source is electrically connected to the primary winding portion of the first LO balun and the second LO balun, the first biasing voltage source configured to furnish a DC voltage for powering the first driver during the first time interval and for powering the second driver during the second time interval, wherein a second biasing voltage source is electrically connected to the secondary winding portion of the first LO balun, the second biasing voltage source configured to furnish a negative voltage to prevent operation of the first mixer core during the second time interval, and wherein a third biasing voltage source center is electrically connected to the secondary winding portion of the second LO balun, the third biasing voltage source configured to furnish a negative voltage to prevent operation of the second mixer core during the first time interval.

6. A frequency mixer comprising:

a first mixer core coupled to a radio frequency (RF) port and an intermediate frequency (IF) port;

a second mixer core coupled to the RF port and the IF port;

a first local oscillator (LO) balun coupled to the first mixer core, the first LO balun configured to furnish a first LO signal to the first mixer core during a first time interval;

a second LO balun coupled to the second mixer core, the second LO balun configured to furnish a second LO signal to the second mixer core during a second time interval, the first time interval different than the second time interval;

a RF balun coupled to the RF port, the RF balun configured to furnish a RF signal to the RF port;

a biasing voltage source electrically connected to the RF balun, the biasing voltage source configured to furnish a positive DC voltage to bias the RF signal about the positive DC voltage to disable the second mixer core when the first mixer core is enabled and to disable the first mixer core when the second mixer core is disabled;

a first driver coupled to the first LO balun, the first driver configured to amplify the first LO signal during the first time interval;

a second driver coupled to the second LO balun, the second driver configured to amplify the second LO signal during the second time interval; and

control circuitry operatively coupled to the biasing voltage source, the first driver, and the second driver, the control circuitry configured to selectively power the first driver during the first time interval and to selectively power the second driver during the second time interval, the control circuitry configured to cause the biasing voltage source to furnish a positive DC voltage to bias the RF signal about the positive DC voltage to disable the second mixer core when the first mixer core is enabled and to disable the first mixer core when the second mixer core is disabled.

7. The frequency mixer as recited in claim 6, wherein at least one core mixer includes a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) device.

8. The frequency mixer as recited in claim 7, wherein a positive DC voltage is at least approximately equal to a threshold voltage of the MOSFET device.

9. The frequency mixer as recited in claim 6, wherein the first LO balun and the second LO balun include a primary winding portion and a secondary winding portion, wherein a first biasing voltage source is electrically connected to the primary winding portion of the first LO balun and the second LO balun, the first biasing voltage source configured to furnish a DC voltage for powering the first driver during the first time interval and for powering the second driver during the second time interval, wherein a second biasing voltage source is electrically connected to the secondary winding portion of the first LO balun, the second biasing voltage source configured to furnish a negative voltage to prevent operation of the first mixer core during the second time interval, and wherein a third biasing voltage source center is electrically connected to the secondary winding portion of the second LO balun, the third biasing voltage source configured to furnish a negative voltage to prevent operation of the second mixer core during the first time interval.