Low voltage signaling

• US 8,629,705 B2
• Filed: 06/07/2010
• Issued: 01/14/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 06/07/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Globalfoundries US Incorporated (GlobalFoundries, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Chang, Leland, Dennard, Robert H., Ji, Brian L., Luk, Wing K., Montoye, Robert K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Donovan, Lincoln
• Assistant Examiner(s): Almo, Khareem E
• Application Number:
  US12/794,995
• Publication Number:
  US 20110298440A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,317 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 327/333
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/07 using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode , e.g. charge pumps
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/072 adapted to generate an output voltage whose value is lower than the input voltage

Abstract

A low voltage signaling system for integrated circuits includes a first voltage domain operating at a nominal integrated circuit (IC) power supply voltage (Vdd) swing level at a signal transmitting end of a first chip, a second voltage domain having one or more transmission interconnect lines operating at a reduced voltage swing level with respect to the first voltage domain, and a third voltage domain at a signal receiving end of a second chip, the third voltage domain operating at the Vdd swing level; wherein an input signal originating from the first voltage domain is down converted to operate at the reduced voltage swing level for transmission over the second voltage domain, and wherein the third voltage domain senses the input signal transmitted over the second voltage domain and generates an output signal operating back up at the Vdd swing level.

Claims

1. A low voltage signaling system for integrated circuits, comprising:

a first voltage domain operating at a nominal integrated circuit (IC) power supply voltage (Vdd) swing level at a signal transmitting end of a first chip, a second voltage domain having one or more transmission interconnect lines operating at a reduced voltage swing level with respect to the first voltage domain, and a third voltage domain at a signal receiving end of a second chip, the third voltage domain operating at the Vdd swing level;

wherein an input signal originating from the first voltage domain is down converted to operate at the reduced voltage swing level for transmission over the second voltage domain, and wherein the third voltage domain senses the input signal transmitted over the second voltage domain and generates an output signal operating back up at the Vdd swing level; and

a switched capacitor on-chip supply voltage generation unit configured to generate one or more reduced voltage levels with respect to Vdd.

2. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

a level-shifting driver in communication with the on-chip voltage supply generation unit and the input signal, the level-shifting driver outputting the converted input signal operating at the reduced voltage swing level.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the switched capacitor converter comprises a 2-to-1 converter having Vdd as an input voltage thereto and produces an output voltage of about Vdd/2.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein the switched capacitor converter comprises a 3-to-1 converter having Vdd as an input voltage thereto and producing at least one output voltage of about Vdd/3.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the switched capacitor converter produces another output voltage of about 2Vdd/3.

6. The system of claim 2, wherein input signals to field effect transistor (FET) switches of the switched capacitor converter operate at the Vdd swing level.

7. The system of claim 2, wherein the level-shifting driver comprises a field effect transistor (FET) stack, a first FET of which drives the input signal to a logic low voltage within the second voltage domain, and a second of which drives the input signal to a logic high voltage within the second voltage domain.

8. A low voltage signaling system for integrated circuits, comprising:

a first voltage domain operating at a nominal integrated circuit (IC) power supply voltage (Vdd) swing level at a signal transmitting end of a first chip, a second voltage domain having one or more transmission interconnect lines operating at a reduced voltage swing level with respect to the first voltage domain, and a third voltage domain at a signal receiving end of a second chip, the third voltage domain operating at the Vdd swing level;

wherein an input signal originating from the first voltage domain is down converted to operate at the reduced voltage swing level for transmission over the second voltage domain, and wherein the third voltage domain senses the input signal transmitted over the second voltage domain and generates an output signal operating back up at the Vdd swing level;

an on-chip supply voltage generation unit for generating one or more reduced voltage levels with respect to Vdd;

a level-shifting driver in communication with the on-chip voltage supply generation unit and the input signal, the level-shifting driver outputting the converted input signal operating at the reduced voltage swing level; and

a gated diode sense amplifier in the third voltage domain that senses the input signal transmitted over the second voltage domain and generates the output signal operating back up at the Vdd swing level.

9. A method of implementing a low voltage signaling system for integrated circuits, comprising:

operating a first voltage domain at a nominal integrated circuit (IC) power supply voltage (Vdd) swing level at a signal transmitting end of a first chip, operating a second voltage domain having one or more transmission interconnect lines at a reduced voltage swing level with respect to the first voltage domain, and operating a third voltage domain at a signal receiving end of a second chip, the third voltage domain operating at the Vdd swing level;

down converting an input signal originating from the first voltage domain to operate at the reduced voltage swing level for transmission over the second voltage domain, and wherein the third voltage domain senses the input signal transmitted over the second voltage domain and generates an output signal operating back up at the Vdd swing level; and

utilizing a switch capacitor on-chip supply voltage generation unit to generate one or more reduced voltage levels with respect to Vdd.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:

utilizing a level-shifting driver in communication with the on-chip voltage supply generation unit and the input signal, the level-shifting driver outputting the converted input signal operating at the reduced voltage swing level.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the switched capacitor converter comprises a 2-to-1 converter having Vdd as an input voltage thereto and produces an output voltage of about Vdd/2.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the switched capacitor converter comprises a 3-to-1 converter having Vdd as an input voltage thereto and producing at least one output voltage of about Vdd/3.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the switched capacitor converter produces another output voltage of about 2Vdd/3.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein input signals to field effect transistor (FET) switches of the switched capacitor converter operate at the Vdd swing level.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein the level-shifting driver comprises a field effect transistor (FET) stack, a first FET of which drives the input signal to a logic low voltage within the second voltage domain, and a second of which drives the input signal to a logic high voltage within the second voltage domain.

16. A method of implementing a low voltage signaling system for integrated circuits, comprising:

operating a first voltage domain at a nominal integrated circuit (IC) power supply voltage (Vdd) swing level at a signal transmitting end of a first chip, operating a second voltage domain having one or more transmission interconnect lines at a reduced voltage swing level with respect to the first voltage domain, and operating a third voltage domain at a signal receiving end of a second chip, the third voltage domain operating at the Vdd swing level;

down converting an input signal originating from the first voltage domain to operate at the reduced voltage swing level for transmission over the second voltage domain, and wherein the third voltage domain senses the input signal transmitted over the second voltage domain and generates an output signal operating back up at the Vdd swing level;

utilizing an on-chip supply voltage generation unit for generating one or more reduced voltage levels with respect to Vdd; and

utilizing a level-shifting driver in communication with the on-chip voltage supply generation unit and the input signal, the level-shifting driver outputting the converted input signal operating at the reduced voltage swing level; and

utilizing a gated diode sense amplifier in the third voltage domain that senses the input signal transmitted over the second voltage domain and generates the output signal operating back up at the Vdd swing level.

17. A low voltage signaling system for integrated circuits, comprising:

a first voltage domain operating at a nominal integrated circuit (IC) power supply voltage (Vdd) swing level at a signal transmitting end of a first chip, the first voltage domain including a switched capacitor converter on-chip supply voltage generation unit for generating one or more reduced voltage levels with respect to Vdd, and a level-shifting driver in communication with the on-chip voltage supply generation unit and a first input signal, the level-shifting driver outputting a converted first input signal to a reduced voltage swing level with respect to the first voltage domain;

a second voltage domain having one or more transmission interconnect lines operating at the reduced voltage swing level; and

a sense amplifier in a third voltage domain at a signal receiving end of a second chip, the third voltage domain operating at the Vdd swing level, wherein the sense amplifier senses the down converted first input signal transmitted over the second voltage domain and generates a first output signal operating back up at the Vdd swing level.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein input signals to field effect transistor (FET) switches of the switched capacitor converter operate at the Vdd swing level.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein the sense amplifier comprises a gated diode sense amplifier.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein:

the switched capacitor converter comprises a 2-to-1 converter having Vdd as an input voltage thereto and produces an output voltage of about Vdd/2;

the level-shifting driver comprises an NFET stack that receives the first input signal and down converts it to swing between a logic low value of about 0 volts and a logic high value of about Vdd/2; and

the level-shifting driver further comprises a PFET stack that receives a second input signal and converts it to swing between a logic low value of about Vdd/2 and a logic high value of about Vdd, thereby facilitating stacking of down converted voltage domains in the second voltage domain.

21. The system of claim 18, wherein:

the switched capacitor converter comprises a 3-to-1 converter having Vdd as an input voltage thereto and produces an output voltages of about Vdd/3 and 2Vdd/3;

the level-shifting driver comprises a first NFET/PFET stack that receives the first input signal and down converts it to swing between a logic low value of about Vdd/3 and a logic high value of about 2Vdd/3; and

the level-shifting driver further comprises a second NFET/PFET stack that receives a complement value of the first input signal and down converts it to swing between a logic low value of about Vdd/3 and a logic high value of about 2Vdd/3.