Heart pump controller

• US 8,632,449 B2
• Filed: 04/16/2010
• Issued: 01/21/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 04/16/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Bivacor Pty Limited
• Original Assignee: Bivacor Pty Limited
• Inventors: Masuzawa, Toru, Timms, Daniel, Sasaki, Eisuke
• Primary Examiner(s): Koharski, Christopher
• Assistant Examiner(s): CAREY, MICHAEL JAMES
• Application Number:
  US13/264,747
• Publication Number:
  US 20120245680A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,376 Days
• Field of Search: 600/17, 623/3.14
• US Class Current: 600/17
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3334 Measuring or controlling the flow rate
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/148 in line with a blood vessel using resection or like techniques, e.g. permanent endovascular heart assist devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/178 drawing blood from a ventricle and returning the blood to the arterial system via a cannula external to the ventricle, e.g. left or right ventricular assist devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/196 replacing the entire heart, e.g. total artificial hearts [TAH]
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/232 Centrifugal pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/237 the blood flow through the rotating member having mainly axial components, e.g. axial flow pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/422 the force acting on the blood contacting member being electromagnetic, e.g. using canned motor pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/538 Regulation using real-time blood pump operational parameter data, e.g. motor current
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/554 of blood pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/585 User interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/822 specially adapted for being actively controlled
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/824 Hydrodynamic or fluid film bearings
• CPC Class Codes: F04D 13/0633 Details of the bearings
• CPC Class Codes: F04D 13/064 Details of the magnetic circuit
• CPC Class Codes: F04D 13/0666 the motor being of the plane gap type
• CPC Class Codes: F04D 29/042 Axially shiftable rotors F04D29/041 takes precedence ; control by creating a by-pass F04D15/0027
• CPC Class Codes: F04D 29/048 magnetic; electromagnetic

Abstract

A heart pump including first and second cavities, each cavity including a respective inlet and outlet, a connecting tube extending between the first and second cavities, an impeller including: a first set of vanes mounted on a first rotor in the first cavity portion; a second set of vanes mounted on a second rotor in the second cavity portion; and, a shaft connecting the first and second rotors, the shaft extending through the connecting tube, a drive for rotating the impeller and a magnetic bearing including at least one bearing coil for controlling an axial position of the impeller, at least one of the drive and magnetic bearing being mounted outwardly of the connecting tube, at least partially between the first and second cavity portions.

Claims

1. A heart pump including:

a) first and second cavity portions, each cavity portion including a respective inlet and outlet;

b) a connecting tube extending between the first and second cavity portion;

c) an impeller including;

i) a first set of vanes mounted on a first rotor in the first cavity portions;

ii) a second set of vanes mounted on a second rotor in the second cavity portion; and

,

iii) a shaft connecting the first and second rotors, the shaft extending through the connecting tube;

iv) a first magnetic material mounted in the first rotor; and

v) a second magnetic material mounted in the second rotor;

d) a drive for rotating the impeller, the drive being positioned adjacent the second cavity, the drive and second magnetic material being configured to result in an attractive force between the drive and the second rotor; and

,

e) a magnetic bearing including at least one bearing coil for controlling an axial position of the impeller, the magnetic bearing being positioned adjacent the first cavity, the magnetic bearing and first magnetic material being configured to result in an attractive force between the magnetic bearing and the first rotor; and

wherein at least one of the drive and magnetic bearing being provided at least partially between the first and second cavity portions.

2. A heart pump according to claim 1, wherein the axial position determines a separation between each set of vanes and a respective cavity surface, the separation being used to control the fluid flows from the inlets to the outlets.

3. A heart pump according to claim 1, wherein the drive includes:

a) the second magnetic material provided in the impeller; and

b) at least one drive coil that in use generates a magnetic field that cooperates with the second magnetic material allowing the impeller to be rotated.

4. A heart pump according to claim 3, wherein the second magnetic material includes a number of circumferentially spaced permanent magnets mounted in the impeller, adjacent magnets having opposing polarities.

5. A heart pump according to claim 1, wherein, in use, the at least one bearing coil generates a magnetic field that cooperates with the first magnetic material in the impeller, allowing the axial position of the impeller to be controlled.

6. A heart pump according to claim 5, wherein the first magnetic material is a permanent magnet.

7. A heart pump according to claim 6, wherein the at least one bearing coil is for generating a magnetic field that is one of complementary to and counter to the first magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, thereby controlling the net magnetic field between the bearing and the first magnetic material.

8. A heart pump according to claim 1, wherein the impeller includes:

a) a second magnetic material provided on the second rotor for cooperating with the drive to allow rotation of the impeller; and

,

b) a first magnetic material provided on the first rotor for cooperating with the magnetic bearing to allow the axial position of the impeller to be controlled.

9. A heart pump according to claim 1, wherein:

a) the magnetic bearing is positioned adjacent the first cavity, the magnetic bearing and first rotor being configured to result in a first attractive force between the magnetic bearing and the second rotor; and

,

b) the drive is positioned adjacent the second cavity, the drive and second rotor being configured to result in a second attractive force between the drive and the second rotor and wherein the first and second attractive forces are approximately balanced when the impeller is positioned at an approximately axially central position during normal circulatory conditions.

10. A heart pump according to claim 1, wherein the heart pump includes a controller for:

a) determining movement of the impeller in a first axial direction;

b) causing the magnetic bearing to move the impeller in a second axial direction opposite the first axial direction;

c) determining an indicator indicative of the power used by the magnetic bearing; and

,

d) causing the magnetic bearing to control the axial position of the impeller in accordance with the indicator to thereby control a fluid flow between the inlets and the outlets.

11. A heart pump according to claim 10, wherein the controller is for:

a) comparing the indicator to a threshold; and

,

b) causing the magnetic bearing to stop movement of the impeller in the second axial direction depending on the results of the comparison.

12. A heart pump according to claim 10, wherein the controller is for minimizing the power used by the magnetic bearing.

13. A heart pump according to claim 10, wherein the controller is for:

a) comparing an axial position of the impeller to position limits; and

,

b) controlling the magnetic bearing to maintain the axial position of the impeller within the position limits.

14. A heart pump according to claim 10, wherein the controller is for:

a) determining a pressure change within at least part of a cavity; and

,

b) controlling the axial position of the impeller in response to the pressure change.

15. A heart pump according to claim 14, wherein the controller is for determining the pressure change by detecting axial movement of the impeller.

16. A heart pump according to claim 10, wherein the controller is for:

a) detecting movement of the impeller caused by a change in fluid pressure within at least one of the cavity portions; and

,

b) causing the magnetic bearing to control the axial position of the impeller to thereby change a fluid flow from the inlet to the outlet for at least one of the cavity portions.

17. A heart pump according to claim 16, wherein the controller is for, at least one of:

a) causing the magnetic bearing to reduce the separation between the vanes and the cavity surface to thereby increase the flow of fluid from the inlet to the outlet; and

,

b) causing the magnetic bearing to increase the separation between the vanes and the cavity surface to thereby decrease the flow of fluid from the inlet to the outlet.

18. A heart pump according to claim 10, wherein the controller is for:

a) detecting movement of the impeller caused by a change in relative fluid pressures in the cavity portions; and

,

b) causing the magnetic bearing to control the axial position of the impeller to thereby alter the relative flow of fluid from the inlets to the outlets.

19. A heart pump according to claim 10, wherein the controller is for:

a) determining axial movement of the impeller away from a normal balance position;

b) causing the magnetic bearing to move the impeller towards the normal position;

c) monitoring the power used by the magnetic bearing;

d) determining a new balance position in accordance with the power used by the magnetic bearing; and

,

e) causing the magnetic bearing to move the impeller to the new balance position.

20. A heart pump according to claim 19, wherein the normal balance position is used to maintain required fluid flows from each inlet to each outlet.

21. A heart pump according to claim 19, wherein the new balance position is offset from the normal balance position.

22. A heart pump according to claim 21, wherein the new balance position is used to adjust relative fluid flows between the inlets and the outlets.

23. A heart pump according to claim 10, wherein the indicator is determined using an indication of an electrical current used by the magnetic bearing.

24. A heart pump according to claim 23, wherein the controller is for determining a rate of change of current used by the magnetic bearing to cause axial movement of the impeller.

25. A heart pump according to claim 10, wherein the controller is for:

a) determining movement of the impeller in a first axial direction;

b) controlling the magnetic bearing to move the impeller in a second axial direction opposite the first axial direction until at least one of;

i) the power used by the magnetic bearing falls below a predetermined amount; and

,

ii) the axial position of the impeller reaches a position limit.

26. A heart pump according to claim 10, wherein, the processing system includes:

a) a memory for storing instructions; and

,

b) a processor that executes the instructions, thereby causing the processor to;

i) determine movement of the impeller in the first axial direction;

ii) generate a signal for causing the magnetic bearing to move the impeller in the second axial direction;

iii) determine an indicator indicative of the power used by the magnetic bearing; and

,

iv) generate a signal for causing the magnetic bearing to control the axial position of the impeller in accordance with the indicator to thereby control a fluid flow between the inlet and the outlet.

27. A heart pump according to claim 1, wherein the heart pump includes a controller for:

a) determining movement of an impeller from a balance position within a cavity, the cavity including at least one inlet and at least one outlet, and the impeller including vanes for urging fluid from the inlet to the outlet;

b) causing a magnetic bearing to move the impeller to a new balance position based on an indication of power used by the magnetic bearing, the magnetic bearing including at least one coil for controlling an axial position of the impeller within the cavity, and the new balance position being used to control fluid flow from the inlet to the outlet.

28. A heart pump according to claim 1, wherein the heart pump includes a controller for controlling an axial position of an impeller within a cavity, a cavity including a first cavity portion having a first inlet and a first outlet and a second cavity portion having a second inlet and a second outlet, and the impeller including first and second sets of vanes, each set of vanes being for urging fluid from a respective inlet to a respective outlet, the controller controlling the axial position such that if the relative pressure in the first cavity increases relative to the second cavity, the impeller is positioned in the first cavity thereby increase the relative fluid flows from the first outlet relative to the second outlet.

29. A heart pump according to claim 1, wherein the heart pump includes a controller for controlling an axial position of an impeller within a cavity, a cavity including an inlet and an outlet, and the impeller including vanes for urging fluid from the inlet to the outlet, the controller controlling the axial position such that if the pressure in the cavity increases, the impeller is moves away from the inlet, thereby reducing an outlet flow pressure.

30. A method of controlling a heart pump, the heart pump including:

a) first and second cavity portions, each cavity portion including a respective inlet and outlet;

b) a connecting tube extending between the first and second cavity portion;

c) an impeller including;

i) a first set of vanes mounted on a first rotor in the first cavity portions;

ii) a second set of vanes mounted on a second rotor in the second cavity portion; and

,

iii) a shaft connecting the first and second rotors, the shaft extending through the connecting tube;

d) a drive for rotating the impeller; and

,

e) a magnetic bearing including at least one bearing coil for controlling an axial position of the impeller, at least one of the drive and magnetic bearing being provided at least partially between the first and second cavity portions, the method including;

i) determining movement of the impeller in a first axial direction;

ii) causing the magnetic bearing to move the impeller in a second axial direction opposite the first axial direction;

iii) determining an indicator indicative of the power used by the magnetic bearing; and

,

iv) causing the magnetic bearing to control the axial position of the impeller in accordance with the indicator to thereby control a fluid flow between the inlets and the outlets.

31. A pump apparatus comprising:

a) a stator;

b) an upper rotor arranged spaced apart above the stator;

c) a lower rotor arranged spaced apart under the stator;

d) connecting means provided rotatably and vertically movable at the stator to connect the upper rotor and the lower rotor;

e) first electromagnetic means that is provided on one surface of the stator opposed to either one of permanent magnets, which are provided on a bottom surface of the upper rotor and a top surface of the lower rotor, cooperates with the permanent magnet, and that generates an acting force with respect to the rotor in an axial direction to thereby levitate the rotor;

f) second electromagnetic means that is provided on the other surface of the stator opposed to the other permanent magnet, and that cooperates with the permanent magnet to thereby rotationally drive the rotor;

g) first pumping means at which a first impeller provided on a top surface of the upper rotor rotates in a first pump chamber; and

h) second pumping means at which a second impeller provided on a bottom surface of the lower rotor rotates in a second pump chamber.

32. The pump apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the connecting means is composed of an axis of rotation inserted rotatably and vertically movable into a centre through-hole of the stator.

33. The pump apparatus according to claim 31, comprising a control section that moves the connecting means forward and backward in an axial direction and that can adjust a gap between the first impeller and an opposed surface of the first pump chamber, and a gap between the second impeller and the second pump chamber by coordinating them.

34. A heart pump including:

a) first and second cavity portions, each cavity portion including a respective inlet and outlet;

b) a connecting tube extending between the first and second cavity portion;

c) an impeller including;

i) a first set of vanes mounted on a first rotor in the first cavity portions;

ii) a second set of vanes mounted on a second rotor in the second cavity portion; and

,

iii) a shaft connecting the first and second rotors, the shaft extending through the connecting tube;

iv) a first magnetic material mounted in the first rotor; and

v) a second magnetic material mounted in the second rotor;

d) a drive for rotating the impeller, the drive being positioned adjacent the second cavity, the drive and second magnetic material being configured to result in an attractive force between the drive and the second rotor; and

,

a magnetic bearing including at least one bearing coil for controlling an axial position of the impeller, the magnetic bearing being positioned adjacent the first cavity, the magnetic bearing and first magnetic material being configured to result in an attractive force between the magnetic bearing and the first rotor.