Non-linear text flow

• US 8,633,930 B2
• Filed: 03/26/2007
• Issued: 01/21/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 03/26/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Mansfield, Philip Andrew
• Primary Examiner(s): Thompson, James A
• Assistant Examiner(s): Merouan, Abderrahim
• Application Number:
  US11/728,814
• Publication Number:
  US 20080238927A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,493 Days
• Field of Search: 345467-4723, 345619-689, 382229-231, 382181-189
• US Class Current: 345/467
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 11/60 Editing figures and text; Combining figures or text

Abstract

Rendering glyphs is disclosed. A set of glyphs to be flowed along a nonlinear path are received. A first glyph included in the set is placed at a corresponding location along the nonlinear path such that the first glyph is spaced from a second glyph, at a point nearest the second glyph, by at least a prescribed distance.

Claims

1. A method of rendering glyphs, comprising:

receiving at a processor instructions to be executed by the processor associated with a set of glyphs to be flowed along a nonlinear path;

using the processor to place a first glyph box associated with a first glyph of the set of glyphs at a corresponding location along the nonlinear path such that the first glyph box is spaced from a second glyph box associated with a second glyph of the set of glyphs, at a point nearest the second glyph box, by at least a prescribed distance; and

determining whether the first glyph box is allowed to overlap with the second glyph box based at least in part on radius of curvatures occurring along a portion of the nonlinear path along which the first and second glyphs are placed and based at least in part on whether all radius of curvature values occurring along the portion exceed a point size of a font to which characters to be placed in the first and second glyph boxes belong.

2. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the prescribed distance is zero.

3. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the prescribed distance comprises a default glyph spacing.

4. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein placing a first glyph box associated with the first glyph at a first location along the path such that the first glyph box does not overlap a second glyph box associated with the second glyph comprises placing the first glyph box initially at a default spacing from the second glyph box and, in the event the first and second glyph boxes are determined to overlap at the default spacing, advancing the first glyph box along the path in successive steps until a non-overlapping position is found.

5. A method as recited in claim 4, further comprising determining whether the difference between a distance d2 associated with the non-overlapping position and a previous distance d1 resulting from advancing one fewer step than the number of steps advanced to reach the non-overlapping position is less than a prescribed threshold multiple of the smaller of a first font size of the first glyph and a second font size of the second glyph, and rendering the first glyph at the distance d2 from the second glyph if it is determined that the difference d2−

d1 is less than the prescribed threshold multiple of the smaller of a first font size of the first glyph and a second font size of the second glyph.

6. A method as recited in claim 5, further comprising, in the event it is determined that the difference d2−

d1 is not less than the prescribed threshold multiple of the smaller of a first font size of the first glyph and a second font size of the second glyph, iteratively bisecting the interval from d1 to d2 to determine a distance d3, and setting d1=d3 if the first and second glyphs overlap with the first glyph at distance d3 or setting d2=d3 if the first and second glyphs do not overlap with the first glyph at distance d3, until values for d2 and d1 are found such that the difference d2−

d1 is less than the prescribed threshold multiple of the smaller of a first font size of the first glyph and a second font size of the second glyph.

7. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein in the event that the first glyph box is allowed to overlap with the second glyph box, placing the first glyph box associated with the first glyph at a first location along the path such that the first glyph box does not overlap the second glyph box associated with the second glyph except by an amount less than or equal to a kerning value, if any, associated with the first glyph and second glyph when paired together along a linear path.

8. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein determining whether the first glyph box is allowed to overlap with the second glyph box based at least in part on the radius of curvature of the portion of the nonlinear path along which the first and second glyphs are placed includes responsive to a determination that all radius of curvature values occurring along the portion exceed the point size, placing the first glyph box associated with the first glyph at a first location along the path such that the first glyph box does not overlap the second glyph box associated with the second glyph except by an amount less than or equal to a kerning value associated with the first glyph and second glyph when paired together along a linear path.

9. A method as recited in claim 1, further comprising smoothing at least a relevant portion of the path and using the smoothed curve or portion thereof to position the first and second glyphs along the path.

10. A method as recited in claim 9, wherein smoothing at least a relevant portion of the path is performed in response to a determination that the radius of curvature associated with at least a part of the at least a relevant portion is not substantially greater than 1 em.

11. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the first glyph is oriented such that a baseline segment associated with the glyph forms a chord along the nonlinear path.

12. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein each of the first and second glyph boxes comprises a rectangle having a horizontal width determined by an advance value that defines a width of a selection box associated with the corresponding glyph, the advance value being included in a font data associated with the glyph and being greater than a width of a bounding box of the glyph, and a vertical height determined by a height of the bounding box of the glyph.

13. A method of rendering text, comprising:

receiving at a processor instructions to be executed by the processor for each of one or more glyphs of a font a glyph box associated with the glyph;

defining for at least one glyph of the font, without warping the glyph, a nonrectangular polygon that approximates an outline of the glyph in at least one respect more closely than the corresponding glyph box associated with that glyph, and that is to be used to perform kerning between the glyph and an adjacent glyph along a linear or nonlinear text flow path on which the glyph and the adjacent glyph are to be placed; and

placing the glyph upon a section along the nonlinear path in a manner that allows the polygon to overlap another glyph box only in response to a determination that all radius of curvatures along the section exceed a point size of a font to which a character to be placed in the at least one glyph belongs.

14. A method as recited in claim 13, further comprising using the nonrectangular polygon to position the glyph along the nonlinear text flow path.

15. A method as recited in claim 14, wherein using the nonrectangular polygon to position the glyph along a nonlinear path includes positioning the nonrectangular polygon on the nonlinear path at a position such that the nonrectangular polygon does not overlap a polygon associated with an adjacent glyph.

16. A method as recited in claim 14, wherein using the nonrectangular polygon to position the glyph along a nonlinear path includes positioning the nonrectangular polygon on the nonlinear path at a position such that the nonrectangular polygon is spaced from a polygon associated with an adjacent glyph by at least a prescribed amount.

17. A system configured to render glyphs, comprising:

a processor; and

a memory coupled to the process and configured to provide to the processor instructions which when executed cause the processor to;

receive a set of glyphs to be flowed along a nonlinear path;

place a first glyph box associated with a first glyph of the set of glyphs at a corresponding location along the nonlinear path such that the first glyph box is spaced from a second glyph box associated with a second glyph of the set of glyphs, at a point nearest the second glyph box, by at least a prescribed distance; and

determine whether the first glyph box is allowed to overlap with the second glyph box based at least in part on radius of curvatures occurring along a portion of the nonlinear path along which the first and second glyphs are placed and based at least in part on whether all radius of curvature values occurring along the portion exceed a point size of a font to which characters to be placed in the first and second glyph boxes belong.

18. A system as recited in claim 17, wherein each of the first and second glyph boxes comprises a rectangle having a horizontal width determined by an advance value that defines a width of a selection box associated with the corresponding glyph, the advance value being included in a font data associated with the glyph and being greater than a width of a bounding box of the glyph, and a vertical height determined by a height of the bounding box of the glyph.

19. A computer program product for rendering text, the computer program product being embodied in a non-transitory computer readable storage medium and comprising computer instructions for:

receiving a set of glyphs to be flowed along a nonlinear path;

placing a first glyph box associated with a first glyph of the set of glyphs at a corresponding location along the nonlinear path such that the first glyph box is spaced from a second glyph box associated with a second glyph of the set of glyphs, at a point nearest the second glyph box, by at least a prescribed distance; and

determining whether the first glyph box is allowed to overlap with the second glyph box based at least in part on radius of curvatures occurring along a portion of the nonlinear path along which the first and second glyphs are placed and based at least in part on whether all radius of curvature values occurring along the portion exceed a point size of a font to which characters to be placed in the first and second glyph boxes belong.

20. A computer program product as recited in claim 19, wherein placing a first glyph box associated with the first glyph at a first location along the path such that the first glyph box does not overlap a second glyph box associated with the second glyph comprises placing the first glyph box initially at a default spacing from the second glyph box and, in the event the first and second glyph boxes are determined to overlap at the default spacing, advancing the first glyph box along the path in successive steps until a non-overlapping position is found.

21. A computer program product as recited in claim 19, wherein each of the first and second glyph boxes comprises a rectangle having a horizontal width determined by an advance value that defines a width of a selection box associated with the corresponding glyph, the advance value being included in a font data associated with the glyph and being greater than a width of a bounding box of the glyph, and a vertical height determined by a height of the bounding box of the glyph.