Direct conversion receiver architecture with digital fine resolution variable gain amplification

• US 8,634,790 B2
• Filed: 05/16/2005
• Issued: 01/21/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 02/16/2001
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: Peterzell, Paul E., Holenstein, Christian, Kang, Inyup, Li, Tao, Severson, Matthew L.
• Primary Examiner(s): LE, NHAN T
• Application Number:
  US11/131,147
• Publication Number:
  US 20050208916A1
• Time in Patent Office: 3,172 Days
• Field of Search: 4552321-2515, 455/254, 4551271-1275, 455/550.1, 455/575.1, 455/561, 455/424, 455/425, 455/456.5, 455/456.6, 455/501, 455/67.11, 455/63.1, 455136-138, 455/219, 455/296, 455/334, 455/63.13, 455/570, 375/319, 375/346, 375/341, 375/327, 375/343, 375/349, 375/350, 375/345, 375/344
• US Class Current: 455/245.1
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/3068 Circuits generating control signals for both R.F. and I.F. stages
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/3078 Circuits generating control signals for digitally modulated signals
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/3089 Control of digital or coded signals

Abstract

A direct downconversion receiver architecture having a DC loop to remove DC offset from the signal components, a digital variable gain amplifier (DVGA) to provide a range of gains, an automatic gain control (AGC) loop to provide gain control for the DVGA and RF/analog circuitry, and a serial bus interface (SBI) unit to provide controls for the RF/analog circuitry via a serial bus. The DVGA may be advantageously designed and located as described herein. The operating mode of the VGA loop may be selected based on the operating mode of the DC loop, since these two loops interact with one another. The duration of time the DC loop is operated in an acquisition mode may be selected to be inversely proportional to the DC loop bandwidth in the acquisition mode. The controls for some or all of the RF/analog circuitry may be provided via the serial bus.

Claims

1. A method of processing a desired signal in a wireless communication system, comprising:

amplifying the desired signal with a first gain having a coarse resolution;

downconverting the amplified signal from radio frequency (RF) to baseband with a single frequency downconversion stage configured to receive a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal, wherein and a gain control value of the first gain, the digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal are derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconverting;

digitizing the downconverted signal to provide samples;

correcting for the DC offset in the downconverted signal with a DC loop; and

digitally amplifying the samples with a second gain having a fine resolution to provide output data having a desired signal amplitude.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising detecting a DC offset value in the downconverted signal.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the correcting for DC offset samples includes removing at least a portion of the detected DC offset value from the desired signal prior to digitizing.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the correcting for DC offset samples includes removing at least a portion of the detected DC offset value from the desired signal subsequent to digitizing.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein the DC offset value is detected in the digitized samples.

6. A direct downconversion receiver comprising:

an RF front-end unit operative to amplify, downconvert to baseband at essentially constant first gain and at least partially based on a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal, and digitize a received signal to provide samples of the baseband, wherein a gain control value of the first gain, digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal are derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconvert;

a digital variable gain amplifier (DVGA) operative to amplify the samples with a second gain to provide output data having a desired signal amplitude; and

an automatic gain control (AGC) loop operative to provide the second gain for the DVGA based in part on the output data.

7. The direct downconversion receiver of claim 6, further comprising:

a DC offset canceller operative to correct for DC offset in the samples, and wherein the DVGA is operative to amplify the DC offset corrected samples.

8. The direct downconversion receiver of claim 6, wherein the first gain is also based at least in part on control from an AGC loop.

9. An apparatus in a wireless communication system, comprising:

first means for amplifying a received signal and downconverting to baseband the received signal at a first gain and at least partially based on a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal, wherein a gain control value of the first gain, the digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal are derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconverting;

means for canceling a DC offset in the baseband;

second means for digitally amplifying the DC offset cancelled signal; and

means for measuring the digitally amplified signal and to control the gains of the first and second amplifying means.

10. A receiver unit comprising:

an analog variable gain amplifier and a downconverter for amplifying and downconverting a received signal to baseband with a first gain and at least partially based on a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal, wherein a gain control value of the first gain, the digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal are derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconverting;

a DC offset canceller coupled to an output of the analog variable gain amplifier;

a digital variable gain amplifier configurable according to a second gain and coupled to an output of the DC offset canceller;

a gain controller adapted to measure a signal output from the digital variable gain amplifier and to control the first gain and the second gain; and

a control interface operative to provide the first gain for the analog variable gain amplifier.

11. The receiver unit of claim 10, wherein the control interface is a bus interface.

12. The receiver unit of claim 11, wherein the bus interface is a Serial Bus Interface (SBI) unit.

13. The receiver unit of claim 10, wherein the control interface comprises dedicated control signals.

14. A receiver unit comprising:

an RF front-end unit operative at a first gain to amplify, downconvert to baseband at least partially based on a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal, and digitize a received signal to provide samples, wherein a gain control value of the first gain, the digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal are derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconvert;

a DC loop operative to cancel DC offset in the samples;

a digital variable gain amplifier (DVGA) operative to amplify the DC offset canceled samples with a second gain to provide output data having a desired signal amplitude;

an automatic gain control (AGC) loop operative to provide the second gain for the DVGA and the first gain for the RF front-end unit based in part on the output data; and

a control interface operative to provide the first gain to the RF front-end unit.

15. The receiver unit of claim 14, wherein the control interface is further operative to provide a DC offset control value to the RF front-end unit.

16. The receiver unit of claim 14, wherein the control interface is a bus interface.

17. The receiver unit of claim 16, wherein the bus interface is a Serial Bus Interface (SBI) unit.

18. The receiver unit of claim 14, wherein the control interface comprises dedicated control signals.

19. A method of processing a received signal in a wireless communication system, comprising:

amplifying and downconverting to baseband a received signal with a first variable gain and at least partially based on a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal;

cancelling a DC offset in the downconverted received signal;

digitally amplifying with a second variable gain the DC offset cancelled signal;

measuring the digitally amplified signal; and

determining the first and second variable gains in response to the digitally amplified signal measurements, wherein a gain control value of the first variable gain, the digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal are derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconverting.

20. An apparatus comprising:

means for amplifying and downconverting to baseband a received signal with a first variable gain and at least partially based on a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal;

means for cancelling a DC offset coupled to the analog amplifying means;

digital means for amplifying with a second variable gain coupled to an output of the DC offset cancelling means;

means for measuring a signal output from the digital amplification means and to control the first and second variable gains; and

means operative to provide the first variable gain to the means for amplifying and downconverting, wherein a gain control value of the first variable gain, the digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal are derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconverting.

21. A method comprising:

amplifying with a first gain, downconverting to baseband at least partially based on a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal and digitizing a received signal to provide samples;

canceling a DC offset in the samples;

digitally amplifying the DC offset canceled samples with a second gain to provide output data;

determining the first gain and a second gain, based in part on the output data, such that the output data have a desired signal amplitude; and

providing the first gain to the amplifying, downconverting and digitizing means, wherein a gain control value of the first gain, the digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal are derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconverting.

22. An apparatus comprising:

means for amplifying, downconverting to baseband at least partially based on a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal and digitizing a received signal to provide samples at first gain;

means for canceling a DC offset in the samples;

means for digitally amplifying the DC offset canceled samples with a second gain to provide output data having a desired signal amplitude;

means for determining the first gain and a second gain based in part on the output data; and

means for providing the first gain to the amplifying, downconverting and digitizing means, wherein a gain control value of the first gain, the digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal are derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconverting.

23. A method, comprising:

amplifying the desired signal with a first gain having a coarse resolution;

downconverting the amplified signal from radio frequency (RF) to baseband with a single frequency downconversion stage configured to receive a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal, wherein a gain control value of the first gain, the digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal are derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconverting;

digitizing the downconverted signal to provide samples;

correcting for DC offset in the downconverted signal with a DC loop;

digitally amplifying the samples with a second gain having a fine resolution to provide output data having a desired signal amplitude.

24. An apparatus, comprising:

means for amplifying the desired signal with a first gain having a coarse resolution;

means for downconverting the amplified signal from radio frequency (RF) to baseband with a single frequency downconversion stage configured to receive a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal, wherein a gain control value of the first gain, the digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal are derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconverting;

means for digitizing the downconverted signal to provide samples;

means for correcting for DC offset in the downconverted signal with a DC loop;

means for digitally amplifying the samples with a second gain having a fine resolution to provide output data having a desired signal amplitude.

25. A method comprising:

amplifying, downconverting from radio frequency (RF) to baseband at essentially constant first gain and at least partially based on a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal, and digitizing a received signal to provide samples;

digitally amplifying the samples with a variable second gain to provide output data having a desired signal amplitude; and

determining a gain control value of the constant first gain, the digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the variable second gain based in part on the output data and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconverting.

26. An apparatus comprising:

means for amplifying, downconverting from radio frequency (RF) to baseband at essentially constant first gain and at least partially based on a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal, and digitizing a received signal to provide samples;

means for digitally amplifying the samples with a variable second gain to provide output data having a desired signal amplitude; and

means for determining a gain control value of the constant first gain, the digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the variable second gain based in part on the output data and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconverting.

27. A method, operable with an RF module, the RF module comprising an analog variable gain amplifier amplifying a received radio frequency (RF) signal according to a first gain value, the amplifier output coupled to a downconverter, the method comprising:

downconverting a downconverter input from RF to baseband at least partially based on a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal to produce a downconverted signal;

digitally amplifying the downconverted signal in accordance with a second gain value to produce a digitally amplified output; and

providing the first gain value and the second gain value with an automatic gain control loop to produce the digitally amplified output at a desired signal amplitude, wherein a gain control value of the first gain value, the digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal are derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconverting.

28. An apparatus, adapted to operate with an RF module, the RF module comprising an analog variable gain amplifier amplifying a received radio frequency (RF) signal according to a first gain value, the amplifier output coupled to a downconverter, the apparatus comprising:

means for downconverting a downconverter input from RF to baseband at least partially based on a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal to produce a downconverted signal;

means for digitally amplifying the downconverted signal in accordance with a second gain value to produce a digitally amplified output; and

means for providing the first gain value and the second gain value with an automatic gain control loop to produce the digitally amplified output at a desired signal amplitude, wherein a gain control value of the first gain value, the digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal are derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconverting.

29. A method, operable with an RF module, the RF module comprising an analog variable gain amplifier amplifying a received radio frequency (RF) signal according to a first gain value, the amplifier output coupled to a downconverter, the method comprising:

downconverting a downconverter input from RF to baseband at least partially based on a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal to produce a downconverted signal;

digitally amplifying the downconverted signal in accordance with a second gain value to produce a digitally amplified output;

measuring the digitally amplified output; and

generating the first and second gain values, wherein a gain control value of the first gain value, the digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal are derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconverting.

30. An apparatus, adapted to operate with an RF module, the RF module comprising an analog variable gain amplifier amplifying a received radio frequency (RF) signal according to a first gain value, the amplifier output coupled to a downconverter, the apparatus comprising:

means for downconverting a downconverter input from RF to baseband at least partially based on a digital offset control signal and an analog offset control signal independent of the digital offset control signal to produce a downconverted signal;

means for digitally amplifying the downconverted signal in accordance with a second gain value to produce a digitally amplified output;

means for measuring the digitally amplified output; and

means for generating the first and second gain values, wherein a gain control value of the first gain value, the digital offset control signal, and the analog offset control signal derived at least in part from a value of a DC offset of the baseband and the digital and analog offset control signals are separately applied in different stages during the downconverting.