Method for performing optical distributed temperature sensing (DTS) measurements in hydrogen environments

• US 8,646,968 B2
• Filed: 08/12/2011
• Issued: 02/11/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 08/13/2010
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: QOREX LLC (Petrospec Engineering Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: QOREX LLC (Petrospec Engineering Ltd.)
• Inventors: MacDougall, Trevor Wayne, Sanders, Paul Eric
• Primary Examiner(s): Caputo, Lisa
• Assistant Examiner(s): AHMED, NASIR UDDIN
• Application Number:
  US13/209,015
• Publication Number:
  US 20120039360A1
• Time in Patent Office: 914 Days
• Field of Search: 374130-131, 374/161, 374/137, 374/110, 374/112, 374/100, 374/30, 374117-119, 374/45, 374/46, 356/43, 356/23, 356/73.1, 356/32, 385/12
• US Class Current: 374/161
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 11/32 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 11/324 using Raman scattering
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3827 Wrap-back connectors, i.e. containing a fibre having an U shape
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/44382 the means comprising hydrogen absorbing materials G02B6/4439, G02B6/4479 take precedence

Abstract

A method for calculating a temperature along a length of a sensing fiber of a distributed thermal sensing (DTS) system. The sensing fiber, which has two ends, is heat resistant for operation up to 300° C. The DTS system includes a two-channel DTS interrogator that is attached to each of the two ends of the sensing fiber. The DTS interrogator interrogates the sensing fiber from both ends, calculates a temperature difference between co-located positions along the length of the sensing fiber for each end, and determines an error associated with the temperature difference. Based on the determined error, a corrected temperature value along the length of the sensing fiber is calculated and outputted.

Claims

1. A method for distributed temperature sensing using Raman scattering in an optical fiber loop disposed in a sensing environment, comprising:

interrogating a first end of the optical loop with one or more light signals, and

interrogating a second end of the optical loop with one or more light signals;

measuring at a first sensor channel an intensity of Raman backscattered light signals returned to the first end of the optical loop, and measuring at a second sensor channel an intensity of Raman backscattered light signals returned to the second end of the optical loop;

calculating, from measurements made by each first or second sensor channel, a corresponding first or second plurality of temperature readings corresponding to each of a plurality of points around the optical loop;

calculating, based on the first and second pluralities of temperature readings, a plurality of temperature differences corresponding to pairs of points that are co-located along the optical loop; and

determining, based on the plurality of temperature differences, a plurality of non-temperature errors corresponding to the plurality of points around the optical loop.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of temperature differences include temperature differences based on the first plurality of raw temperature readings for each co-located pair of sensing points.

3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of temperature differences include temperature differences based on the second plurality of raw temperature readings for each co-located pair of sensing points.

4. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of temperature differences include temperature differences based on the first and second pluralities of raw temperature readings for each sensing point.

5. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of non-temperature errors correspond to differential losses in the optical fiber loop.

6. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of non-temperature errors correspond to differential losses in the optical fiber loop at temperatures up to 300°

C.

7. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of non-temperature errors correspond to differential losses in the optical fiber loop constructed of hydrogen resistant pure silica core optical fiber.

8. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the optical fiber loop is disposed in a hydrogen environment.

9. An apparatus for distributed temperature sensing in a sensing environment, comprising:

an optical fiber formed in an elongated loop with first and second ends adjacent to each other; and

an optical interrogator having a first sensor channel and a first light source in communication with the first end of the optical fiber, and having a second sensor channel and the first or a second light source in communication with the second end of the optical fiber,

the optical interrogator including a control unit configured to transmit a first light signal around the optical fiber loop from the first end to the second sensor channel, and to transmit a second light signal around the optical fiber loop from the second end to the first sensor channel,

the control unit further configured to calculate, from intensity measurements of Raman scattered light signals made at the first and second sensor channels, first and second pluralities of raw temperature readings corresponding to interaction of the light signals with each of a plurality of sensing points around the optical fiber loop,

the control unit further configured to calculate, based on the first and second pluralities of raw temperature readings, a plurality of temperature differences corresponding to pairs of the plurality of sensing points that are co-located around the optical fiber loop, and

the control unit further configured to determine, based on the plurality of temperature differences at the pairs of co-located sensing points, a plurality of non-temperature errors corresponding to the plurality of sensing points.

10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein the plurality of sensing points include pairs of sensing points co-located along the optical fiber loop, and the plurality of temperature differences include temperature differences based on the first plurality of raw temperature readings for each co-located pair of sensing points.

11. An apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein the plurality of sensing points include pairs of sensing points co-located along the optical fiber loop, and the plurality of temperature differences include temperature differences based on the second plurality of raw temperature readings for each co-located pair of sensing points.

12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein the plurality of temperature differences include temperature differences based on the first and second pluralities of raw temperature readings for each sensing point.

13. An apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein the optical fiber loop is constructed of hydrogen resistant pure silica core optical fiber.