Method and system for radio frequency identification tag using reduced set communication protocol

• US 8,648,698 B2
• Filed: 05/10/2010
• Issued: 02/11/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 05/10/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Sensormatic Electronics LLC (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Original Assignee: Tyco Fire & Security GmbH (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Inventors: Alicot, Jorge F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wu, Daniel
• Assistant Examiner(s): LITTLEJOHN JR, MANCIL H
• Application Number:
  US12/776,828
• Publication Number:
  US 20110273271A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,373 Days
• Field of Search: 340/10.1, 340/10.2, 340/10.3, 340/10.4, 340/10.5, 340/10.6, 327/31, 235/492, 375/237, 375/239
• US Class Current: 340/10.1
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/0008 General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10297 arrangements for handling protocols designed for non-contact record carriers such as RFIDs NFCs, e.g. ISO/IEC 14443 and 18092 cryptographic protocols H04L9/00; network security protocols H04L63/00; real-time communication protocols in data switching networks H04L65/00; network protocols for data switching network services H04L67/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/4902 Pulse width modulation; Pulse position modulation

Abstract

A method and tag for decoding a signal received from a radio frequency identification (“RFID”) reader. A signal is received from the RFID reader in which the signal has a series of pulses. A time frame between receipt of two consecutive pulses is measured to determine whether the pulses represent zero bits or one bits. A total pulse duration is calculated in which the total pulse duration represents a sum of the measured time frames for the signal. A command is decoded. The decoding is based on the total duration of the two pulses.

Claims

1. A method of decoding a signal received from a radio frequency identification (“

RFID”

) reader, the method comprising;

receiving a signal from the RFID reader, the signal comprising a series of pulses;

measuring a time frame between receipt of two consecutive pulses, the measured time frame indicating receipt of a bit;

calculating a total pulse duration to receive a predetermined quantity of bits, the total pulse duration representing a sum of the measured time frames for the signal;

decoding a command, the decoding being based on the calculated total pulse duration to receive the predetermined total quantity of bits; and

each individual bit in the predetermined quantity of bits remaining un-decoded during the decoding of the command.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein each pulse is represented by a positive edge and a negative edge and wherein measuring the time frame between receipt of two consecutive pulses includes measuring the time frame between receipt of two consecutive positive edges.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the measured time frame further indicates at least one of a one bit and zero bit.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein each pulse includes a high period and a low period where a pulse with a bit value of one has a high period that is longer in duration than the high period of a pulse having a bit value of zero.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising determining when transmission has ceased by detecting an interval of time when there is no transition from one of the high period to the low period and from the low period to the high period, and determining if the interval of time exceeds a predetermined time frame.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the decoding based on the calculated total pulse duration is performed irrespective of bit value positions within the predetermined total quantity of bits.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein decoding the command occurs if the total duration of the pulses is recognized as corresponding to a valid command.

8. A circuit for use in a radio frequency identification (“

RFID”

) system, the circuit comprising;

a receiver, the receiver arranged to receive a signal from an RFID reader, the signal comprising a series of pulses; and

a decoder, the decoder configured to;

measure a time frame between receipt of two consecutive pulses, the measured time frame indicating receipt of a bit;

calculate a total pulse duration to receive a predetermined quantity of bits, the total pulse duration representing a sum of the measured time frames for the series of pulses; and

decode the command, the decoding being based on the calculated total pulse duration to receive the predetermined total quantity of bits; and

each individual bit in the predetermined quantity of bits remaining un-decoded during the decoding of the command.

9. The circuit of claim 8, wherein each pulse is represented by a positive edge and a negative edge and wherein measuring the time frame between receipt of two consecutive pulses includes measuring the time frame between receipt of two consecutive positive edges.

10. The circuit of claim 8, wherein the decoder is further operable to track a total number of pulses received in order to determine when transmission has ceased.

11. The circuit of claim 10, wherein each pulse includes a high period and a low period where a pulse with a bit value of one has a high period that is longer in duration than the high period of a pulse having a bit value of zero.

12. The circuit of claim 11, wherein the decoder determines when transmission has ceased by detecting an interval of time when there is no transition from one of the high period to the low period and from the low period to the high period, and determining if the interval of time exceeds a predetermined time frame.

13. The circuit of claim 8, wherein the decoder decodes the command if the total number of pulses received equals an expected total number of pulses.

14. The circuit of claim 8, wherein the decoder decodes the command if the total count is recognized as corresponding to a valid command.

15. A radio frequency identification (“

RFID”

) tag, comprising;

an antenna arranged to receive a pulse width modulated (“

PWM”

) signal, the PWM signal having a series of pulses; and

an integrated circuit in communication with the antenna, the integrated circuit comprising;

a receiver in communication with the antenna; and

a decoder, the decoder operable to;

measure a time frame between receipt of two consecutive pulses, the measured time frame indicating receipt of a bit;

calculate a total pulse duration, the total pulse duration representing a sum of the measured time frames for the series of pulses; and

decode the command, the decoding being based on the calculated total pulse duration to receive the predetermined total quantity of bits; and

each individual bit in the predetermined total quantity of bits remaining un-decoded during the decoding of the command.

16. The RFID tag of claim 15, wherein each pulse is represented by a positive edge and a negative edge and wherein measuring the time frame between receipt of two consecutive pulses includes measuring the time frame between receipt of two consecutive positive edges.

17. The RFID tag of claim 15, wherein the decoding based on the calculated total pulse duration is performed irrespective of bit value positions within the predetermined total quantity of bits.

18. The RFID tag of claim 15, wherein the decoder decodes the command if the total number of pulses received equals an expected total number of pulses.

19. The RFID tag of claim 15, wherein the decoder decodes the command if the total count is recognized as corresponding to a valid command.

20. The RFID tag of claim 15, wherein each pulse includes a high period and a low period and wherein the decoder the decoder determines when transmission has ceased by detecting an interval of time when there is no transition from one of the high period to the low period and from the low period to the high period, and determining if the interval of time exceeds a predetermined time frame.