Systems and methods for transdermal secretion detection

• US 8,657,744 B2
• Filed: 03/02/2010
• Issued: 02/25/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 03/23/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: B.I. Incorporated (Geo Group Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: B.I. Incorporated (Geo Group Incorporated)
• Inventors: Rompa, Victor, Pence, Hollis, Waters, Timothy D., Bloemendaal, Todd, Newsome, Arthur P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Laballe, Clayton E
• Assistant Examiner(s): Fenwick, Warren K
• Application Number:
  US12/716,254
• Publication Number:
  US 20100240969A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,456 Days
• Field of Search: 600/309, 180/272, 73/233, 340/576
• US Class Current: 600/309
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0276 Determining malfunction
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/04 Constructional details of apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0406 specially shaped apparatus housings
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0462 Apparatus with built-in sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/06 Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1112 Global tracking of patients, e.g. by using GPS
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/145 Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissuemeasuring of blood pressure or blood flow A61B5/02; non-radiation detecting or locating of foreign bodies in blood A61B5/06
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14542 for measuring blood gases A61B5/14551 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1477 non-invasive
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6801 specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6828 Leg
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6831 Straps, bands or harnesses
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6844 Monitoring or controlling distance between sensor and tissue
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6886 Monitoring or controlling distance between sensor and tissue

Abstract

Various embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for detecting chemicals. As an example, a system is disclosed that includes a chemical sensor, a processor, and a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium includes instructions executable by the processor to: receive a plurality of outputs from the chemical sensor; calculate a baseline value using the plurality of outputs from the chemical sensor; and report an event when the baseline value is exceeded.

Claims

1. A system, the system comprising:

a chemical sensor;

a processor;

a non-transitory computer readable medium, wherein the computer readable medium includes instructions executable by the processor to;

receive a plurality of outputs from the chemical sensor;

calculate a baseline value using the plurality of outputs from the chemical sensor; and

report an event when the baseline value is exceeded.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the chemical sensor is a transdermal alcohol sensor.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the chemical sensor is associated with an individual, and wherein the outputs from the chemical sensor respectively indicate a level of alcohol consumed by the individual.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein reporting the event includes reporting a subset of the plurality of the outputs from the chemical sensor.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein reporting the event does not occur until a baseline value is available.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the chemical sensor is associated with an individual, and wherein the baseline value is tailored to the individual.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the chemical sensor is operable to be attached to one of a first individual and a second individual, and wherein the same algorithm used to calculate the baseline value for a first individual is used to calculate the baseline value for a second individual.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the chemical sensor is associated with an individual, wherein the baseline value is calculated based upon an algorithm, and wherein the algorithm is independent of one or more variables selected from a group consisting of:

the gender of the individual, the weight of the individual, the height of the individual, and food intake of the individual.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer readable medium includes instructions executable by the processor to:

perform a slope filter function.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer readable medium includes instructions executable by the processor to:

perform a spike filter function.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer readable medium includes instructions executable by the processor to:

perform a duration filter function.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer readable medium further includes instructions executable by the processor to:

calculate a difference between two of the outputs from the chemical sensor to yield a delta value;

average the delta value with previously calculated delta values to yield an average delta value; and

compare the average delta value with a previously calculated average delta value to yield a significance factor.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the event is reported only when the significance factor exceeds the baseline value.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein the baseline value is calculated based upon an algorithm, and wherein the algorithm includes:

calculating a mean value of the plurality of outputs to within a defined confidence.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the defined confidence is greater than ninety percent probability.

16. A method for detecting chemical secretions, the method comprising:

attaching a transdermal chemical sensor to a monitored subject;

receiving a plurality of outputs from the chemical sensor;

calculating a baseline value using the plurality of outputs from the chemical sensor; and

reporting an event when the baseline value is exceeded.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein reporting the event when the baseline value is exceeded includes:

calculating a difference between two of the outputs from the chemical sensor to yield a delta value;

averaging the delta value with previously calculated delta values to yield an average delta value;

comparing the average delta value with a previously calculated average delta value to yield a significance factor; and

reporting the event only when the significance factor exceeds the baseline value.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein calculating the baseline value includes:

calculating a mean value of the plurality of outputs to a confidence of greater than ninety percent.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein the method further comprises filtering the plurality of outputs using one or more filters selected from a group consisting of:

a slope filter, a duration filter, and a spike filter.

20. The method of claim 16, wherein reporting the event includes reporting a subset of the plurality of the outputs from the chemical sensor.

21. The method of claim 16, wherein reporting the event does not occur until a baseline value is available.

22. The method of claim 16, wherein the baseline value is tailored to the monitored subject.

23. The method of claim 16, wherein the baseline value is calculated based upon an algorithm, wherein the monitored subject is a first monitored subject, and wherein the same algorithm used to calculate the baseline value for the first monitored subject is used to calculate a baseline value for a second monitored subject to which the transdermal chemical sensor is later attached.

24. The method of claim 16, wherein the transdermal chemical sensor is a transdermal alcohol sensor.

25. The method of claim 16, wherein the baseline value is calculated based upon an algorithm, and wherein the algorithm is independent of one or more variables selected from a group consisting of:

the gender of the monitored subject, the weight of the monitored subject, the height of the monitored subject, and food intake of the monitored subject.

26. The method of claim 16, wherein the baseline value is calculated based upon an algorithm, and wherein the algorithm includes performing a slope filter function.

27. The method of claim 16, wherein the baseline value is calculated based upon an algorithm, and wherein the algorithm includes performing a spike filter function.

28. The method of claim 16, wherein the baseline value is calculated based upon an algorithm, and wherein the algorithm includes performing a duration filter function.

29. The method of claim 16, wherein the event is reported only when the significance factor exceeds the baseline value.

30. The method of claim 16, wherein the baseline value is calculated based upon an algorithm, and wherein the algorithm includes:

calculating a mean value of the plurality of outputs to within a defined confidence.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein the defined confidence is greater than ninety percent probability.

32. A portable alcohol monitoring device, the device comprising:

a device body;

an alcohol sensor, wherein the alcohol sensor is associated with the device body;

a securing device, wherein the securing device is operable to secure the device body to the subject;

a processor; and

a non-transitory computer readable medium, wherein the computer readable medium includes instructions executable by the processor to;

receive a plurality of outputs from the chemical sensor;

calculate a baseline value using the plurality of outputs from the chemical sensor, wherein the baseline value is a mean value of the plurality of outputs to within a defined confidence;

calculating a difference between two of the outputs from the chemical sensor to yield a delta value;

averaging the delta value with previously calculated delta values to yield an average delta value; and

comparing the average delta value with a previously calculated average delta value to yield a significance factor; and

reporting a subset of the plurality of the outputs from the chemical sensor when the significance factor exceeds the baseline value.

33. The system of claim 32, wherein the alcohol sensor is a transdermal alcohol sensor.

34. An alcohol detection system, the system comprising:

an alcohol sensor circuit; and

a processing circuit including;

a calculation module configured to calculate a baseline value based upon at least a first output derived from the alcohol sensor circuit;

a comparison module configured to compare a second output derived from the alcohol sensor circuit to the baseline value; and

a reporting module operable to report an event when the second output exceeds the baseline value.

35. The system of claim 34, wherein the alcohol sensor circuit includes a transdermal alcohol sensor.

36. The system of claim 34, wherein the alcohol sensor circuit is associated with an individual, and wherein the outputs from the first output derived from the alcohol sensor circuit and the second output derived from the alcohol sensor circuit each indicate a level of alcohol consumed by the individual.

37. The system of claim 34, wherein reporting the event includes reporting a subset of outputs from the alcohol sensor circuit.

38. The system of claim 34, wherein reporting the event does not occur until a baseline value is available.

39. The system of claim 38, wherein the alcohol sensor circuit is associated with an individual, and wherein the baseline value is tailored to the individual.

40. The system of claim 34, wherein the alcohol sensor circuit is operable to be attached to one of a first individual and a second individual, and wherein the same algorithm used to calculate the baseline value for a first individual is used to calculate the baseline value for a second individual.

41. The system of claim 34, wherein the alcohol sensor circuit is associated with an individual, wherein the baseline value is calculated based upon an algorithm, and wherein the algorithm is independent of one or more variables selected from a group consisting of:

the gender of the individual, the weight of the individual, the height of the individual, and food intake of the individual.

42. The system of claim 34, wherein the processing circuit is further operable to perform a slope filter function on outputs from the alcohol sensor circuit to yield a third output from which the second output is derived.

43. The system of claim 34, wherein the processing circuit is further operable to perform a spike filter function on outputs from the alcohol sensor circuit to yield a third output from which the second output is derived.

44. The system of claim 34, wherein the processing circuit is further operable to perform a duration filter function on outputs from the alcohol sensor circuit to yield a third output from which the second output is derived.

45. The system of claim 34, wherein the processing circuit is further operable to:

calculate a difference between two of the outputs from the alcohol sensor circuit including the first output to yield a delta value;

average the delta value with previously calculated delta values to yield an average delta value; and

compare the average delta value with a previously calculated average delta value to yield a significance factor.

46. The system of claim 45, wherein the event is reported only when the significance factor exceeds the baseline value.

47. The system of claim 34, wherein the baseline value is calculated based upon an algorithm, and wherein the algorithm includes:

calculating a mean value of two or more outputs to yield a defined confidence.

48. The system of claim 47, wherein the defined confidence is greater than ninety percent probability.