Stimulating cranial nerve to treat pulmonary disorder

• US 8,660,647 B2
• Filed: 07/28/2005
• Issued: 02/25/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 07/28/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: LivaNova USA, Inc. (LivaNova Plc)
• Original Assignee: Cyberonics, Inc
• Inventors: Parnis, Steven M., Maschino, Steven E., Buras, William R., Guzman, Albert W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Koharski, Christopher D
• Assistant Examiner(s): D ABREU, MICHAEL JOSEPH
• Application Number:
  US11/191,896
• Publication Number:
  US 20070027496A1
• Time in Patent Office: 3,134 Days
• Field of Search: 607/2, 607/9, 607/42
• US Class Current: 607/42
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0551 Spinal or peripheral nerve electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3601 of respiratory organs
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36053 adapted for vagal stimulation A61N1/36114 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3611 Respiration control stimulating respiratory organs A61N1/3601
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36114 Cardiac control, e.g. by vagal stimulation stimulating the heart A61N1/362
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36139 with automatic adjustment

Abstract

A method for stimulating a portion of a vagus nerve of a patient to treat a pulmonary disorder is provided. At least one electrode is coupled to at least one portion of a left vagus nerve and/or a right vagus nerve of the patient. An electrical signal is applied to the portion of the vagus nerve using the electrode to treat the pulmonary disorder. The electrical signal may perform a blocking of an intrinsic neural activity on said at least one portion of the left vagus nerve and said right vagus nerve.

Claims

1. A method of treating a patient having a pulmonary disorder, comprising:

coupling a first set of electrodes to a first nerve selected from a bronchial branch of a left vagus nerve and a pulmonary plexus;

coupling a second set of electrodes to a second nerve selected from a bronchial branch of a right vagus nerve and the pulmonary plexus;

activating the first set of electrodes to deliver energy from the first set of electrodes to a first target location on the first nerve to provide blocking parasympathetic nerve signals in combination with non-blocking sympathetic stimulation signals at the first target location to prevent the parasympathetic nerve signals from traveling between the brain and a first portion of the lungs through said first nerve sufficiently to reduce bronchial obstruction in the first portion of the lungs; and

activating the second set of electrodes to deliver energy from the second set of electrodes to a second target location on the second nerve to provide blocking parasympathetic nerve signals in combination with non-blocking sympathetic stimulation signals at the second target location to prevent the parasympathetic nerve signals from travelling between the brain and a second portion of the lungs through said second nerve sufficiently to reduce bronchial obstruction in the second portion of the lungs.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said pulmonary disorder comprises at least one of an asthma condition, constrictive pulmonary disorder, and a cardio pulmonary obstructive disorder.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the energy causes efferent hyperpolarization on the first and second nerves.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein applying the energy comprises generating efferent action potentials in combination with afferent action potentials.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

providing at least one programmable electrical signal generator;

coupling the at least one programmable electrical signal generator to the sets of electrodes; and

generating the energy with the at least one programmable electrical signal generator.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising programming the at least one programmable electrical signal generator to define the energy by at least one parameter selected from a current magnitude, a pulse frequency, a pulse width, an on-time, and an off-time, wherein said at least one parameter is selected to treat the pulmonary disorder.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

detecting a symptom of the pulmonary disorder, wherein the symptom comprises a breathing parameter of the patient; and

wherein the operation of applying the energy is initiated in response to detecting said symptom.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the breathing parameter comprises at least one attribute selected from a respiration rate, a pulse oxygen level, an oxygen saturation factor in the blood, and a carbon dioxide factor in the blood.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein:

activating the first and second sets of electrodes includes applying the energy during a first treatment period to treat a chronic aspect of the pulmonary disorder; and

said method further comprises applying additional energy to the vagus nerve using the first and second sets of electrodes during a second treatment period to treat an acute aspect of the pulmonary disorder.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:

detecting a symptom of said pulmonary disorder,

wherein the symptom comprises a breathing parameter of the patient;

wherein the breathing parameter comprises at least one attribute selected from a respiration rate, a pulse oxygen level, an oxygen saturation factor in the blood, and a carbon dioxide factor in the blood; and

wherein the second treatment period is initiated in response to said step of detecting a symptom of the pulmonary disorder.

15. The method of claim 7, wherein:

the detection of the symptom of the pulmonary disorder is performed at least in part by the patient; and

the electrical signals are applied to the first and second electrodes, at least in part, in response to input from the patient.

11. A method of treating a patient having a pulmonary disorder, comprising:

coupling a first set of electrodes to a first nerve selected from a bronchial branch of a left vagus nerve and a pulmonary plexus;

coupling a second set of electrodes to a second nerve selected from a bronchial branch of a right vagus nerve and the -a pulmonary plexus providing at least one electrical signal generator;

coupling the electrical signal generator to the first and second sets of electrodes;

detecting a symptom of the pulmonary disorder, wherein the symptom comprises at least one breathing parameter selected from respiration rate, pulse oxygen level, an oxygen saturation factor in the blood, and a carbon dioxide factor in the blood;

generating electrical signals with the electrical signal generator in response to detecting the symptom;

applying the electrical signals to the first set of electrodes to deliver energy from the first set of electrodes to the first nerve to provide blocking parasympathetic nerve signals in combination with non-blocking sympathetic stimulation signals at a first target location on the first nerve to prevent the parasympathetic nerve signals from travelling between the brain and a first portion of the lungs through said first nerve sufficiently to reduce bronchial obstruction in the first portion of the lungs; and

applying the electrical signals to the second set of electrodes to deliver energy from the second set of electrodes to the second nerve to provide blocking parasympathetic nerve signals in combination with non-blocking sympathetic stimulation signals at a second target location on the second nerve to prevent the parasympathetic nerve signals from travelling between the brain and a second portion of the lungs through said second nerve sufficiently to reduce bronchial obstruction in the second portion of the lungs.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

programming the electrical signal generator to define the electrical signals by a plurality of parameters selected from a current magnitude, a pulse width, a pulse frequency, an on-time, and an off-time.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein:

the electrical signals are applied to the first and second sets of electrodes during a first treatment period to treat a chronic aspect of the pulmonary disorder and

the method further comprising applying additional electrical signals to the vagus nerve using the first and second sets of electrodes during a second treatment period to treat an acute aspect of the pulmonary disorder.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein:

the detection of the symptom of the pulmonary disorder is performed at least in part by the patient; and

the electrical signals are applied to the first and second sets of electrodes, at least in part, in response to input from the patient.

16. A method of treating a patient having a pulmonary disorder, comprising:

coupling a first set of electrodes to a first nerve selected from a bronchial branch of a left vagus nerve and a pulmonary plexus;

coupling a second set of electrodes to a second nerve selected from a bronchial branch of a right vagus nerve and the pulmonary plexus;

detecting a symptom of the pulmonary disorder, wherein the symptom comprises a breathing parameter of the patient; and

in response to detecting the symptom of the pulmonary disorder,

activating the first set of electrodes to deliver energy from the first set of electrodes to the first nerve to provide blocking parasympathetic nerve signals in combination with non-blocking sympathetic stimulation signals at a first target location on the first nerve to prevent the parasympathetic nerve signals from travelling between the brain and a first portion of the lungs through said first nerve sufficiently to reduce bronchial obstruction in the first portion of the lungs, and

activating the second set of electrodes to deliver energy from the second set of electrodes to the second nerve to provide blocking parasympathetic nerve signals in combination with non-blocking sympathetic stimulation signals at a second target location on the second nerve to prevent the parasympathetic nerve signals from travelling between the brain and a second portion of the lungs through said second nerve sufficiently to reduce bronchial obstruction in the second portion of the lungs.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the breathing parameter comprises at least one attribute selected from

respiration rate;

pulse oxygen level;

an oxygen saturation factor in the blood; and

a carbon dioxide factor in the blood.