System and method for detecting respiratory insufficiency in the breathing of a subject
First Claim
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1. A system configured to detect respiratory insufficiency, the system comprising:
- (a) one or more processors configured to obtain information related to the breathing of a subject, and to execute one or more modules, the one or more modules comprising;
(1) a parameter module configured to determine parameters of the breathing of the subject based on the information obtained by the processor, wherein the parameters are determined on a per preliminary breath basis, wherein the preliminary breath basis refers to individual breaths and not to a quality of the breaths, but only a level of analysis in identifying respiration,(2) a key parameter module configured to infer a value for a key parameter of the breathing of the subject on a per preliminary breath basis from the parameters determined by the parameter module, wherein the key parameter is a parameter not directly derivable from the information obtained by the processor, further wherein the key parameter module includes an artificial neural network that models a relationship between a predetermined set of breathing parameters and the key parameter, wherein responsive to inputs of the breathing parameters for a given preliminary breath, the artificial neural network outputs the value for the key parameter for the given preliminary breath, and(3) a classification module configured to detect respiratory insufficiency in the breathing of the subject by (i) comparing the inferred value of the key parameter for a given preliminary breath to a predetermined threshold, (ii) classifying, in response to the comparison, individual preliminary breaths as being (ii)(a) valid, productive breaths or (ii)(b) artifact, deficient breaths, respectively, and (iii) responsive to the classification of individual preliminary breaths, determining an overall respiratory insufficiency, wherein determining the overall respiratory insufficiency includes determining a respiratory rate to convey sufficiency of respiration of the subject, wherein (iii)(a) responsive to detection of a valid, productive breath, updating a calculation of respiratory rate to reflect the detected valid, productive breath, and (iii)(b) responsive to detection of an artifact, deficient breath, not updating the calculation of respiratory rate until a next valid, productive breath is detected, wherein the parameters determined by the parameter module include values determined by aggregating predetermined sets of samples of CO2 levels during a given preliminary breath, wherein (i) a first parameter is determined from a first set that comprises a first number of samples of the level of CO2 during the given preliminary breath, (ii) another parameter is determined from a next set that comprises a next number of samples of the level of CO2 during the same given preliminary breath, and (iii) responsive to the given preliminary breath being a short breath not providing enough sample points to provide data from which each of the parameter values can be determined, the parameter module (iii)(a) automatically assigns preset values to those sample points that are not provided because of the short breath and (iii)(b) determines a corresponding parameter with use of the assigned values.
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Abstract
Respiratory insufficiency is detected by classifying preliminary breaths identified through a capnogram as being valid or artifact. Individual breaths are classified as being valid or artifact by determining values of a plurality of breathing parameters for a given breath, inferring a value for a key parameter from the determined values for the plurality of breathing parameters, and comparing the inferred value for the key parameter to a predetermined threshold.
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Citations
17 Claims
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1. A system configured to detect respiratory insufficiency, the system comprising:
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(a) one or more processors configured to obtain information related to the breathing of a subject, and to execute one or more modules, the one or more modules comprising; (1) a parameter module configured to determine parameters of the breathing of the subject based on the information obtained by the processor, wherein the parameters are determined on a per preliminary breath basis, wherein the preliminary breath basis refers to individual breaths and not to a quality of the breaths, but only a level of analysis in identifying respiration, (2) a key parameter module configured to infer a value for a key parameter of the breathing of the subject on a per preliminary breath basis from the parameters determined by the parameter module, wherein the key parameter is a parameter not directly derivable from the information obtained by the processor, further wherein the key parameter module includes an artificial neural network that models a relationship between a predetermined set of breathing parameters and the key parameter, wherein responsive to inputs of the breathing parameters for a given preliminary breath, the artificial neural network outputs the value for the key parameter for the given preliminary breath, and (3) a classification module configured to detect respiratory insufficiency in the breathing of the subject by (i) comparing the inferred value of the key parameter for a given preliminary breath to a predetermined threshold, (ii) classifying, in response to the comparison, individual preliminary breaths as being (ii)(a) valid, productive breaths or (ii)(b) artifact, deficient breaths, respectively, and (iii) responsive to the classification of individual preliminary breaths, determining an overall respiratory insufficiency, wherein determining the overall respiratory insufficiency includes determining a respiratory rate to convey sufficiency of respiration of the subject, wherein (iii)(a) responsive to detection of a valid, productive breath, updating a calculation of respiratory rate to reflect the detected valid, productive breath, and (iii)(b) responsive to detection of an artifact, deficient breath, not updating the calculation of respiratory rate until a next valid, productive breath is detected, wherein the parameters determined by the parameter module include values determined by aggregating predetermined sets of samples of CO2 levels during a given preliminary breath, wherein (i) a first parameter is determined from a first set that comprises a first number of samples of the level of CO2 during the given preliminary breath, (ii) another parameter is determined from a next set that comprises a next number of samples of the level of CO2 during the same given preliminary breath, and (iii) responsive to the given preliminary breath being a short breath not providing enough sample points to provide data from which each of the parameter values can be determined, the parameter module (iii)(a) automatically assigns preset values to those sample points that are not provided because of the short breath and (iii)(b) determines a corresponding parameter with use of the assigned values. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
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7. A method of detecting respiratory insufficiency, the method comprising:
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obtaining information related to the breathing of a subject; determining parameters of the breathing of the subject based on the obtained information, wherein the parameters are determined on a per preliminary breath basis, wherein the preliminary breath basis refers to individual breaths and not to a quality of the breaths, but only a level of analysis in identifying respiration; inferring a value for a key parameter of the breathing of the subject on a per preliminary breath basis from the determined parameters, wherein the key parameter is a parameter not directly derivable from the obtained information related to the breathing of the subject, further wherein inferring the key parameter includes using an artificial neural network that models a relationship between a predetermined set of breathing parameters and the key parameter, wherein responsive to inputs of the breathing parameters for a given preliminary breath, the artificial neural network outputs the value for the key parameter for the given preliminary breath; and detecting respiratory insufficiency in the breathing of the subject by (i) comparing the inferred value of the key parameter for a given preliminary breath to a predetermined threshold, (ii) classifying, in response to the comparison, individual preliminary breaths as being (ii)(a) valid, productive breaths or (ii)(b) artifact, deficient breaths, respectively, and (iii) responsive to the classification of individual preliminary breaths, determining an overall respiratory insufficiency, wherein determining the overall respiratory insufficiency includes determining a respiratory rate to convey sufficiency of respiration of the subject, wherein (iii)(a) responsive to detection of a valid, productive breath, updating a calculation of respiratory rate to reflect the detected valid, productive breath, and (iii)(b) responsive to detection of an artifact, deficient breath, not updating the calculation of respiratory rate until a next valid, productive breath is detected, wherein the parameters determined from the obtained information related to the breathing of the subject include values determined by aggregating predetermined sets of samples of CO2 levels during a given preliminary breath wherein (i) a first parameter is determined from a first set that comprises a first number of samples of the level of CO2 during the given preliminary breath (ii) another parameter is determined from a next set that comprises a next number of samples of the level of CO2 during the same given preliminary breath, and (iii) responsive to the given preliminary breath being a short breath not providing enough sample points to provide data from which each of the parameter values can be determined, (iii)(a) automatically assigning preset values to those sample points that are not provided because of the short breath and (iii)(b) determining a corresponding parameter with use of the assigned values. - View Dependent Claims (8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. A system configured to detect respiratory insufficiency, the system comprising:
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means for obtaining information related to the breathing of a subject; means for determining parameters of the breathing of the subject based on the obtained information, wherein the parameters are determined on a per preliminary breath basis, wherein the preliminary breath basis refers to individual breaths and not to a quality of the breaths, but only a level of analysis in identifying respiration; means for inferring a value for a key parameter of the breathing of the subject on a per preliminary breath basis from the determined parameters, wherein the key parameter is a parameter not directly derivable from the obtained information related to the breathing of the subject, further wherein inferring the key parameter includes using an artificial neural network that models a relationship between a predetermined set of breathing parameters and the key parameter, wherein responsive to inputs of the breathing parameters for a given preliminary breath, the artificial neural network outputs the value for the key parameter for the given preliminary breath; and means for detecting respiratory insufficiency in the breathing of the subject by (i) comparing the inferred value of the key parameter for a given preliminary breath to a predetermined threshold, (ii) classifying, in response to the comparison, individual preliminary breaths as being (ii)(a) valid, productive breaths or (ii)(b) artifact, deficient breaths, respectively, and (iii) responsive to the classification of individual preliminary breaths, determining an overall respiratory insufficiency, wherein determining the overall respiratory insufficiency includes determining a respiratory rate to convey sufficiency of respiration of the subject, wherein (iii)(a) responsive to detection of a valid, productive breath, updating a calculation of respiratory rate to reflect the detected valid, productive breath, and (iii)(b) responsive to detection of an artifact, deficient breath, not updating the calculation of respiratory rate until a next valid, productive breath is detected, wherein the parameters determined from the obtained information related to the breathing of the subject include values determined by aggregating predetermined sets of samples of CO2 levels during a given preliminary breath wherein (i) a first parameter is determined from a first set that comprises a first number of samples of the level of CO2 during the given preliminary breath, (ii) another parameter is determined from a next set that comprises a next number of samples of the level of CO2 during the same given preliminary breath, and (iii) responsive to the given preliminary breath being a short breath not providing enough sample points to provide data from which each of the parameter values can be determined, (iii)(a) automatically assigning preset values to those sample points that are not provided because of the short breath and (iii)(b) determining a corresponding parameter with use of the assigned values. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17)
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Specification