Control systems and methods for electric drive utility vehicles

• US 8,668,036 B2
• Filed: 09/11/2008
• Issued: 03/11/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 09/11/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hydro-Gear Limited Partnership
• Original Assignee: Hydro-Gear Limited Partnership
• Inventors: Wyatt, Christopher K., Fox, Ivan E.
• Primary Examiner(s): VANAMAN, FRANK BENNETT
• Application Number:
  US12/209,120
• Publication Number:
  US 20090065273A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,007 Days
• Field of Search: 180/6.28, 180/6.48, 180/6.5, 180/65.1, 180/65.8, 318/34, 318/41
• US Class Current: 180/65.8
• CPC Class Codes: A01D 34/78 electric
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 7/0007 the motor being electric
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/44 Wheel Hub motors, i.e. integrated in the wheel hub
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/00 Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells B60L58/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0092 with use of redundant elements for safety purposes
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/51 characterised by AC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/24 for controlling the temperature of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/184 with wheel brakes
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/30 including control of auxiliary equipment, e.g. air-conditioning compressors or oil pumps
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/18127 Regenerative braking
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/1886 Controlling power supply to auxiliary devices
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/1888 Control of power take off [PTO]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/403 with centralised control, e.g. polling
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/902 Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors

Abstract

Electronic control systems and related control methods for controlling electric drive motors for propelling a vehicle and electric auxiliary motors for performing work, such as electric deck motors for mower blades. The apparatus is shown in use with a vehicle that includes a mowing deck. Features of the control systems allow for safe and efficient use of the vehicle.

Claims

1. A utility vehicle comprising:

a plurality of vehicle systems comprising a steering system, an accelerator system, a power system, a traction system, and an auxiliary system;

a plurality of operator interfaces for operating the vehicle each associated with one of the plurality of vehicle systems;

a plurality of sensors each associated with at least one of the plurality of vehicle systems; and

an electric motor control system in communication with the plurality of vehicle systems, the plurality of operator interfaces, and the plurality of sensors;

the traction system comprising;

a first drivable wheel;

a second drivable wheel;

a first electric drive motor in communication with the first drivable wheel; and

a second electric drive motor in communication with the second drivable wheel;

the auxiliary system comprising;

an auxiliary mechanism; and

an electric auxiliary motor in communication with the auxiliary mechanism;

the electric motor control system comprising;

a first traction controller directly in communication with the steering system, the accelerator system, at least one of the plurality of operator interfaces, at least one of the plurality of sensors, the power system, the auxiliary system, and the first electric drive motor of the traction system;

a second traction controller directly in communication with the steering system, the accelerator system, at least one of the plurality of operator interfaces, at least one of the plurality of sensors, the first fraction controller, the power system, and the second electric drive motor of the traction system; and

an auxiliary controller directly in communication with the first traction controller, the power system, and the electric auxiliary motor;

wherein the first traction controller receives data signals from at least one of the plurality of operator interfaces and at least one of the plurality of sensors, processes the data signals, and outputs control signals to the second traction controller and the auxiliary controller.

2. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the first traction controller is designated as a master and the second traction controller is designated as a slave that is configured to be subordinate to the first traction controller.

3. The vehicle of claim 1, further comprising a data bus providing communication between the first traction controller and the second traction controller.

4. The vehicle of claim 3, wherein the data bus comprises a CAN bus.

5. The vehicle of claim 1, further comprising a data bus providing communication between the first traction controller and the auxiliary controller.

6. The vehicle of claim 5, wherein the data bus comprises a CAN bus.

7. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary controller controls operation of the electric auxiliary motor based on control signals received from the first traction controller.

8. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary system further comprises a second auxiliary mechanism and a second electric auxiliary motor in communication with the second auxiliary mechanism, and wherein the auxiliary controller is in communication with each of the electric auxiliary motors.

9. The vehicle of claim 8, further comprising a second auxiliary controller in communication with the second electric auxiliary motor and the auxiliary controller.

10. The vehicle of claim 9, further comprising a data bus that provides communication between the second auxiliary controller and the auxiliary controller.

11. The vehicle of claim 10, wherein the data bus comprises a SPI bus.

12. The vehicle of claim 9, wherein the auxiliary controller is designated as a master and the second auxiliary controller is designated as a slave that is configured to be subordinate to the auxiliary controller.

13. The vehicle of claim 8, wherein the second auxiliary mechanism comprises a cutting blade mechanism for cutting grass.

14. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary mechanism comprises a cutting blade mechanism for cutting grass.

15. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein a behavior of the electric auxiliary motor is automatically adjusted based on a comparison of programmed operational parameters to conditions of the utility vehicle as determined from either one or both of the at least one of the plurality of operator interfaces and the at least one of the plurality of sensors, wherein the behavior of the electric auxiliary motor comprises one or more of starting, stopping, a speed, a rate of starting, or a rate of stopping.