Systems and methods for communicating with an implantable stimulator

• US 8,670,835 B2
• Filed: 05/28/2010
• Issued: 03/11/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 06/28/2002
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Boston Scientific Neuromodulation Corporation (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Boston Scientific Neuromodulation Corporation (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Inventors: Park, Rudolph V., Parramon, Jordi, Klosterman, Daniel, Marnfeldt, Goran N.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bockelman, Mark W
• Application Number:
  US12/789,716
• Publication Number:
  US 20100249886A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,383 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 607/60
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36007 of urogenital or gastrointestinal organs, e.g. for incontinence control
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3605 Implantable neurostimulators for stimulating central or peripheral nerve system
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37205 Microstimulators, e.g. implantable through a cannula
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3727 characterised by the modulation technique
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37276 characterised by means for reducing power consumption during telemetry
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37288 Communication to several implantable medical devices within one patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3787 from an external energy source
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/26 using coils
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 for data transfer in combination with power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/02 Amplitude-modulated carrier systems, e.g. using on-off keying; Single sideband or vestigial sideband modulation H04L27/32 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/10 Frequency-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using frequency-shift keying H04L27/32 takes precedence

Abstract

An exemplary system for communicating with an implantable stimulator includes a coil configured to transmit a signal modulated with either on-off keying (OOK) modulation or Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) modulation. The system further includes a first telemetry receiver in the implantable stimulator configured to receive the signal in accordance with the OOK modulation and a second telemetry receiver in the implantable stimulator configured to receive the signal in accordance with the FSK modulation.

Claims

1. A system, comprising:

an external device, comprising

control circuitry for producing from first data a first signal modulated with pulse width modulation, and for producing from second data a second signal modulated with frequency modulation; and

a first antenna configured to wirelessly transmit the first modulated signal and the second modulated signal to the implantable medical device; and

an implantable medical device, comprising;

a first telemetry receiver in the implantable medical device for demodulating the first modulated signal to recover the first data; and

a second telemetry receiver in the implantable medical device for demodulating the second modulated signal to recover the second data.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the pulse width modulation comprises on-off keying (OOK) modulation.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the frequency modulation comprises frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the implantable medical device further comprises a reference clock generation circuit for generating a reference clock signal used by the second telemetry receiver.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the first data comprises calibration data used to calibrate the reference clock generation circuit such that the reference clock signal is synchronized with a frequency used to transmit the second modulated signal.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first data comprises a start bit and a number of control bits, the start bit being transmitted before the control bits.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the first telemetry receiver comprises:

a bit threshold counter configured to measure a pulse width of the start bit to generate a bit width threshold;

a pulse width counter configured to measure a pulse width of the bits; and

a comparator configured to compare the measured pulse widths with the bit width threshold to determine whether a bit comprises a logic ‘

0’

or a logic ‘

1’

.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the implantable medical device comprises at least one electrode for stimulating a patient'"'"'s tissue.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the first data enables the second telemetry receiver to receive the second modulated signal.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the first and second telemetry receivers are coupled to a second antenna.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the first signal is used to communicate with the implantable medical device while in the low power state.

12. A system, comprising:

an external device comprising a first coil coupled to control circuitry configured to transmit data in accordance with a first telemetry scheme and a second telemetry scheme; and

an implantable medical device, comprising;

a second coil, and

telemetry circuitry coupled to the second coil for listening for and recovering the transmitted data whether transmitted in accordance with the first telemetry scheme or the second telemetry scheme, wherein the telemetry circuitry discontinues listening for the data transmitted in accordance with the first telemetry scheme when the implantable medical device while in a low power state, and wherein the telemetry circuitry continues listening for the data transmitted in accordance with the second telemetry scheme when the implantable medical device is in the power state.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the first telemetry scheme comprises a frequency shift key telemetry scheme wherein a binary ‘

1’

is represented by a transmitted signal of a first frequency, and wherein a binary ‘

0’

is represented by a transmitted signal of a second frequency.

14. The system of claim 12, wherein the second telemetry scheme comprises an On-Off-Keying (OOK) Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) telemetry scheme wherein a binary ‘

0’

is represented by a first pulse width and a binary ‘

1’

is represented by a second pulse width.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein a transition between one data bit and an adjacent data bit is marked by a change in a transmitted data signal from an ON to an OFF state or from an OFF to an ON state, wherein the ON state is characterized by the presence of a data signal having a frequency, and wherein the OFF state is characterized by the absence of the data signal.

16. The system of claim 12, wherein the telemetry circuitry is bidirectional for allowing data to be sent to and received from the external device.

17. The system of claim 12, wherein the first telemetry scheme employs radio frequency (RF) telemetry, and wherein the second telemetry scheme employs inductive telemetry.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the first telemetry scheme comprises a frequency shift key (FSK) communication scheme, and the second telemetry scheme comprises an On-Off-Keying (OOK) Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) communication scheme.

19. The system of claim 12, wherein the implantable medical device further comprises at least one electrode for stimulating the tissue of a patient.

20. The system of claim 12, wherein the telemetry circuitry comprises first telemetry circuitry for recovering the transmitted data when transmitted in accordance with the first telemetry scheme and second telemetry circuitry for recovering the transmitted data when transmitted in accordance with the second telemetry scheme.

21. The system of claim 12, wherein the data comprises a start bit and a number of control bits.

22. The system of claim 12, wherein the second telemetry scheme is frequency independent.

23. The system of claim 12, wherein the low power state comprises one or more of (i) a hibernation state, (ii) a storage state, and (iii) an emergency power shutdown.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein the implantable medical device comprises a battery, and wherein the hibernation state comprises a state when a voltage of the battery falls below a threshold.

25. The system of claim 23, wherein the implantable medical device comprises a battery, and wherein the storage state comprises a state in which all circuitry in the implantable medical device is disabled except for circuitry used to recharge the battery and the telemetry circuitry which continues listening for the data transmitted in accordance with the second telemetry scheme.