Accelerated rejoining in low power wireless networking for logistics and transportation applications

• US 8,681,674 B2
• Filed: 04/28/2011
• Issued: 03/25/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 04/28/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cubic Corporation, RSAE Labs Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Cubic Corporation
• Inventors: Berenberg, Paul, Gostev, Anatoli
• Primary Examiner(s): Gidado, Rasheed
• Application Number:
  US13/096,745
• Publication Number:
  US 20120275361A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,062 Days
• Field of Search: 370/311, 370/315, 370/242, 370/338
• US Class Current: 370/311
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 48/16 Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 76/19 Connection re-establishment
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/70 in wireless communication networks

Abstract

Techniques are disclosed for enabling accelerated rejoining of network devices in a low-power wireless network after a connection to the low-power wireless network is lost. Embodiments generally include, for a network device that periodically conducts scans for beacons on the low-power wireless network, increasing the frequency, or scanning rate, at which the scans are performed. After a certain period of time, if the network device has not joined the low-power wireless network, the network device can implement a different scanning rate until it rejoins with the network. Additional techniques may be used to reduce power usage and preserve the structure of a portion of the low-power wireless network that has become disconnected with the rest of the network.

Claims

1. A network device for communicating with a wireless sensor network, the network device comprising:

a battery;

a wireless interface; and

a processing unit coupled with the battery and the wireless interface, wherein the processing unit is configured to cause the network device to;

periodically scan for beacons at a first scanning rate when the network device is associated with the wireless sensor network, wherein scanning for beacons comprises operating in a mode to detect a predetermined pattern using the wireless interface;

determine that the network device no longer is associated with the wireless sensor network;

periodically scan for beacons at a second scanning rate for a certain period of time after the determining the network device no longer is associated with the wireless sensor network, wherein the second scanning rate is higher than the first scanning rate; and

periodically scan for beacons at a third scanning rate if, after the certain period of time, the network device is not associated with the wireless sensor network.

2. The network device for communicating with the wireless sensor network recited in claim 1, wherein the third scanning rate is different than the first scanning rate.

3. The network device for communicating with the wireless sensor network recited in claim 2, wherein the third scanning rate is higher than the first scanning rate.

4. The network device for communicating with the wireless sensor network recited in claim 1, further including a memory, wherein the processing unit is configured to cause the network device to store information regarding at least one other network device in the memory.

5. The network device for communicating with the wireless sensor network recited in claim 4, wherein:

the information regarding the at least one other network devices includes a timestamp; and

the processing unit is configured to cause the network device to scan for beacons at a time based, at least in part, on the timestamp.

6. The network device for communicating with the wireless sensor network recited in claim 4, wherein the processing unit is configured to cause the network device to scan for beacons on a plurality of radio frequency (RF) channels.

7. The network device for communicating with the wireless sensor network recited in claim 1, wherein the processing unit is configured to cause the network device to send a value, using the wireless interface, indicative of a preference corresponding to connecting with the network device.

8. The network device for communicating with the wireless sensor network recited in claim 7, wherein:

the value comprises a first value; and

the processing unit is configured to cause the network device to send a second value, using the wireless interface, after the determining the network device no longer is associated with the wireless sensor network, wherein the second value is indicative of a decreased preference corresponding to connecting with the network device.

9. The network device for communicating with the wireless sensor network recited in claim 8, wherein the second value is not indicative of the network device being no longer associated with the wireless sensor network.

10. The network device for communicating with the wireless sensor network recited in claim 9, wherein the processing unit is configured to cause the network device to:

determine the network device has not been associated with the wireless sensor network for a certain length of time; and

send a third value, using the wireless interface, wherein the third value is indicative of the network device being no longer associated with the wireless sensor network.

11. The network device for communicating with the wireless sensor network recited in claim 1, further comprising at least one sensor communicatively coupled with the processing unit.

12. A method of communication in a low-power wireless network, the method comprising:

periodically scanning for beacons at a first scanning rate when a network device is associated with the low-power wireless network, wherein scanning for beacons comprises operating the network device in a mode to detect a predetermined pattern sent from the low-power wireless network;

determining that the network device no longer is associated with the low-power wireless network;

periodically scanning for beacons at a second scanning rate for a certain period of time after the determining the network device no longer is associated with the low-power wireless network, wherein the second scanning rate is higher than the first scanning rate; and

periodically scanning for beacons at a third scanning rate if, after the certain period of time, the network device is not associated with the low-power wireless network.

13. The method of communication in a low-power wireless network recited in claim 12, wherein the third scanning rate is different than the first scanning rate.

14. The method of communication in a low-power wireless network recited in claim 12, further comprising storing information regarding at least one other network device.

15. The method of communication in a low-power wireless network recited in claim 14, wherein the information regarding the at least one other network devices includes a timestamp, the method further comprising scanning for beacons at a time based, at least in part, on the timestamp.

16. The method of communication in a low-power wireless network recited in claim 12, wherein scanning for beacons includes scanning a plurality of radio frequency (RF) channels.

17. The method of communication in a low-power wireless network recited in claim 12, further including sending a value indicative of a preference corresponding to connecting with the network device.

18. The method of communication in a low-power wireless network recited in claim 17, wherein:

the value comprises a first value; and

the method further comprises sending a second value after the determining the network device no longer is associated with the low-power wireless network, wherein the second value is indicative of a decreased preference corresponding to connecting with the network device.

19. The method of communication in a low-power wireless network recited in claim 18, wherein the second value is not indicative of the network device being no longer associated with the low-power wireless network.

20. The method of communication in a low-power wireless network recited in claim 19, further comprising:

determining the network device has not been associated with the low-power wireless network for a certain length of time, and

sending a third value, wherein the third value is indicative of the network device being no longer associated with the low-power wireless network.

21. A first network device for communicating with a low-power wireless network, the network device comprising:

a battery;

a wireless interface; and

a processing unit coupled with the battery and the wireless interface, wherein the processing unit is configured to cause the first network device to;

create at least one wireless connection to associate the first network device to the low-power wireless network;

periodically scan for beacons at a first scanning rate when the at least one wireless connection is maintained with the low-power wireless network;

determine that the first network device has lost the at least one wireless connection with the low-power wireless network;

periodically scan for beacons at a second scanning rate for a certain period of time after determining that the first network device has lost the at least one wireless connection with the low-power wireless network, wherein the second scanning rate is higher than the first scanning rate; and

periodically scan for beacons at a third scanning rate if, after the certain period of time, the first network device has not created a new wireless connection with the low-power wireless network.

22. The first network device for communicating with the low-power wireless network recited in claim 21, wherein the processing unit is configured to cause the first network device to create the at least one wireless connection with either or both of a second network device and a third network device.

23. The first network device for communicating with the low-power wireless network recited in claim 21, wherein the processing unit is configured to cause the first network device to:

attempt to create a new wireless connection if a beacon is detected; and

cause the first network device to omit a certain number of scans if the new wireless connection is not created.

24. The first network device for communicating with the low-power wireless network recited in claim 23, wherein the processing unit is configured to cause the first network device to:

skip a first number of scans if the attempt to create the new wireless connection occurs while the first network device is scanning at the second scanning rate; and

skip a second number of scans if the attempt to create the new wireless connection occurs while the first network device is scanning at the third scanning rate.

25. The first network device for communicating with the low-power wireless network recited in claim 21, further including a memory, wherein the processing unit is configured to cause the first network device to store information regarding at least one other network device in the memory.

26. The first network device for communicating with the low-power wireless network recited in claim 25, wherein:

the information regarding the at least one other network devices includes a timestamp; and

the processing unit is configured to cause the first network device to scan for beacons at a time based, at least in part, on the timestamp.

27. The first network device for communicating with the low-power wireless network recited in claim 21, wherein the processing unit is configured to cause the first network device to send a value, using the wireless interface, indicative of a preference corresponding to connecting with the first network device.

28. The first network device for communicating with the low-power wireless network recited in claim 27, wherein:

the value comprises a first value; and

the processing unit is configured to cause the first network device to send a second value, using the wireless interface, after the determining that the first network device has lost the at least one wireless connection with the low-power wireless network, wherein the second value is indicative of a decreased preference corresponding to connecting with the first network device.

29. The first network device for communicating with the low-power wireless network recited in claim 27, further comprising at least one sensor communicatively coupled with the processing unit.