Method and apparatus for persistent communications, interoperability and situational awareness in the aftermath of a disaster

• US 8,681,804 B2
• Filed: 04/14/2009
• Issued: 03/25/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 05/28/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: BAE Systems Information and Electronic Systems Integration Incorporated (BAE Systems Plc)
• Original Assignee: BAE Systems Information and Electronic Systems Integration Incorporated (BAE Systems Plc)
• Inventors: Greene, Michael F., Delaney, William J., Spang, Kristin A., Kimbark, Mark E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lai, Andrew
• Assistant Examiner(s): LEE, ANDREW CHUNG CHEUNG
• Application Number:
  US12/423,062
• Publication Number:
  US 20090196234A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,806 Days
• Field of Search: 370/319, 370/320, 370/330, 370/335, 370/337, 370/406, 370/436, 370/466, 455/78, 455/404.1, 340/539, 340/905, 340/990
• US Class Current: 370/406
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 9/00 Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/18539 Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/18563 Arrangements for interconnecting multiple systems data switching networks H04L12/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/12 Discovery or management of network topologies
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/08 Protocols for interworking; Protocol conversion
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/18 Multiprotocol handlers, e.g. single devices capable of handling multiple protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 28/10 Flow control between communication endpoints
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/02 Services making use of location information
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/08 User group management
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/90 Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/02 Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 48/18 Selecting a network or a communication service
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 76/10 Connection setup
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 76/50 for emergency connections
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 92/02 Inter-networking arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/70 in wireless communication networks

Abstract

A system for providing situational awareness outside a temporary incident area network includes a prioritized connection module for connecting a mesh network at the incident area to one of a plurality of available communications channels, with the selection based not only on the availability of a communications channel but also on the associated expense, speed, reliability or bandwidth, so that high bandwidth traffic such as video and pictures can be reliably sent from the incident area to a location outside of the incident area. In one embodiment switching to a satellite phone network bypasses problems with terrestrial networks such as cell phone networks and landlines which may be down.

Claims

1. A system for providing situational awareness involving communication systems which are taken down by a catastrophic incident in which the catastrophic incident occurs at an incident area involving a scene in which an incident is taking place, herein, after the catastrophic incident, an interoperable temporary incident area network modules on a wireless mesh network are used to provide communication between said incident area network modules in the incident area, comprising:

a connection module coupled to said wireless mesh network for connecting information communicating by said wireless mesh network to network nodes at locations outside of said incident area, said connection based on detecting inoperability of a communication link impacted by the catastrophic incident to handle all traffic, said connection module including a switching system for connecting said information to an operable communications channel link between said mesh network and said network nodes at locations outside said incident area, selecting an operable communication link being based on the availability of an operational channel link with sufficient bandwidth in view of said catastrophic incident.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein said connection module includes a number of ports, one each dedicated to a different commercial, military or private channel and in which said switching system switches said information to one of said communications channels by use of connection to the internet based on sufficiency of a communication link to handle all traffic.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of voice communication, video images, pictures, graphics, signal data and sensor data and any combination thereof is transmitted from said wireless mesh network to said connection module by selecting a communication channel from said plurality of communications channels.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein said wireless mesh network includes an emergency power transfer unit at a module for cannibalizing power available at said incident area to power a number of interoperable communication modules and said connection module that are battery-operated, whereby situational awareness is achieved in spite of battery life.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein said connection module functions to import and export data to and from said incident area scene between said incident area scene and locations outside of said incident area scene by use of connection to the internet based on sufficiency of said communication link to handle all traffic, thereby to provide situational awareness to individuals or systems remote from said incident scene.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein said connection module detects the availability of said communications channels and transmits information to outside world by selecting said operable channel from said plurality of communications channels.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein said communications channels include one of a WIFI network, a landline network, a 900 megahertz network, a cell phone network, and a satellite phone network or any other communications medium capable of transmitting digital data such that at least one of said communications channels exists for transmitting information to outside world.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein said communications channels include a satellite communications network and wherein said satellite communications network is selected from said plurality of communications channels to obviate problems with terrestrial communications systems impacted by said catastrophic incident.

9. The system of claim 7, wherein said connection module selects an operable communications channel that is least expensive.

10. The system of claim 7, wherein said connection module prioritize said plurality of communications channels that are available and most reliable connection characteristic based on transmission information.

11. The system of claim 7, wherein said connection module selects the available communications channel having the most reliable connection characteristic.

12. A method for establishing situational awareness outside a wireless mesh network at the area of an incident in which there is a catastrophic interruption of communication due to communication links going down as a result of the catastrophic incident, said method comprising the steps of:

selecting a channel link from a plurality of different communications channel links between the wireless mesh network and a network node outside the area of the incident, said selected channel link being detected to be operable after the catastrophic incident to handle all traffic with a predetermined capacity and reliability; and

,

switching data, from the wireless mesh network over a connection using said selected communications channel link operable after the catastrophic interruption to a network node outside the area of the incident based on channel link operability to handle all traffic, and further based on at least one of communication channel cost, speed, robustness, bandwidth or reliability, data at the network node outside the area of the incident being coupled to the internet.

13. The method of claim 12, and further including making the connection based on traffic on the mesh network by selecting a channel link from a plurality of available communications channels that are prioritized.

14. The method of claim 12, and further including transmitting at least one of video information, picture information, voice information, data or sensor information from said wireless mesh network to said connection module by selecting an operable communication channel from the plurality of communications channels.

15. The method of claim 12, when at least one of the interoperable communication modules is battery operated and further including cannibalizing power at the incident area to power the battery-powered interoperable communication module, whereby situational awareness is achieved in spite of battery life.

16. A system after the occurrence of a catastrophic incident resulting in down communication links for providing situational awareness from an incident area based on communication between interoperable communications modules on a wireless mesh network, comprising:

a channel availability determining unit connected between said wireless mesh network and a network node outside said incident area for determining after said catastrophic incident the availability of a terrestrially-based communication channel to connect all the data on said wireless mesh network to said network node outside said incident area; and

,

a connection module for switching information from said wireless network to a satellite phone system coupled to said network node outside said incident area in the determined absence of operability of a terrestrially-based communication channel to connect all data, whereby said satellite phone system is operable to import and export data from and to said wireless mesh network at said incident area to and from a location remote to said incident area, wherein said terrestrially-based communication channel and said satellite phone system are prioritized based on cost of communication, and wherein communications are switched to said satellite phone system based on said cost of communication thus to provide cost effective situational awareness outside of said incident area.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein where terrestrially-based communications channels are operable, said terrestrially-based communications channels are evaluated based on cost of communication therethrough;

and whereby said connection module selects a communication channel from said plurality of communications channels other than that provided by said satellite phone and based on cost considerations related to a communication channel.