Vehicle transparency heated with alternating current

• US 8,686,319 B2
• Filed: 05/09/2007
• Issued: 04/01/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 05/09/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Vitro Flat Glass LLC (Compagnie De Saint-Gobain)
• Original Assignee: PPG Industries Ohio Incorporated (Nouryon BV)
• Inventors: Thiel, James P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Yuen, Henry
• Assistant Examiner(s): WASAFF, JOHN SAMUEL
• Application Number:
  US11/746,266
• Publication Number:
  US 20080277320A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,519 Days
• Field of Search: 219/203, 219/522, 219/543, 244/121, 296/84.1
• US Class Current: 219/203
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10036 comprising two outer glass sheets
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10174 Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 8/003 Converting light into electric energy, e.g. by using photo-voltaic systems
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 1/0236 for vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 2203/013 Heaters using resistive films or coatings
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 2203/035 Electrical circuits used in resistive heating apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 3/84 Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 3/86 the heating conductors being embedded in the transparent or reflecting material H05B3/845 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Abstract

A heatable transparency comprises a substrate and an electrically conductive coating formed over at least a portion of the substrate. A power supply is in contact with the conductive coating. The power supply is configured to provide alternating current (AC) to the conductive coating.

Claims

1. A heatable vehicle transparency, comprising:

a substrate;

an undivided electrically conductive solar control coating formed over at least a portion of the substrate, wherein the coating has a sheet resistance in the range of 0.6 to 1.7 ohms per square, and wherein the coating comprises;

a first dielectric layer comprising at least one of a zinc stannate layer and a zinc oxide layer;

a first reflective layer over the first dielectric layer and comprising metallic silver;

a second dielectric layer over the first reflective layer comprising at least one of a zinc stannate layer and a zinc oxide layer; and

a second reflective layer over the second dielectric layer and comprising metallic silver;

a transformer connected to the conductive coating;

an alternating current power supply connected with the conductive coating via the transformer, wherein the alternating current power supply comprises at least one coil of a vehicle alternator such that alternating current from the vehicle alternator is supplied to the conductive coating, such that said electrically conductive coating is powered by alternating current; and

a second substrate connected to the first substrate by a polymeric layer.

2. The transparency of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises glass.

3. The transparency of claim 1, wherein the transformer is a variable transformer.

4. The transparency of claim 3, wherein the transformer is configured to supply alternating current in the range of 2 volts to 42 volts.

10. The vehicle transparency of claim 1, wherein the conductive coating further comprises:

a third dielectric layer over the second reflective layer and comprising at least one of a zinc stannate layer and a zinc oxide layer;

a third reflective layer over the third dielectric layer and comprising metallic silver; and

a fourth dielectric layer over the third reflective layer and comprising at least one of a zinc stannate layer and a zinc oxide layer.

12. The vehicle transparency of claim 1, wherein the dielectric layers consist of oxide layers.

5. A heatable vehicle transparency, comprising:

a first glass ply having a No. 1 surface and a No. 2 surface;

a second glass ply secured to the first ply by a polymeric interlayer and having a No. 3 surface and a No. 4 surface, with the No. 2 surface facing the No. 3 surface;

an undivided electrically conductive solar control coating formed over at least a portion of the No. 2 or No. 3 surface, wherein the coating has a sheet resistance in the range of 0.6 to 1.7 ohms per square, and wherein the coating comprises;

a first dielectric layer comprising at least one of a zinc stannate layer and a zinc oxide layer;

a first reflective layer over the first dielectric layer and comprising metallic silver;

a second dielectric layer over the first reflective layer comprising at least one of a zinc stannate layer and a zinc oxide layer;

a second reflective layer over the second dielectric layer and comprising metallic silver;

a third dielectric layer over the second reflective layer and comprising at least one of a zinc stannate layer and a zinc oxide layer;

a third reflective layer over the third dielectric layer and comprising metallic silver; and

a fourth dielectric layer over the third reflective layer and comprising at least one of a zinc stannate layer and a zinc oxide layer;

an alternating current power supply in contact with the conductive coating, wherein the alternating current power supply comprises an alternator comprising at least one coil generating AC power, with the conductive coating in electrical contact with the at least one coil;

a transformer connected to the coil and the conductive coating such that alternating current is supplied to the conductive coating, such that said electrically conductive coating is powered by alternating current.

6. The transparency of claim 5, wherein the transformer is a variable transformer.

7. The transparency of claim 6, wherein the transformer is configured to supply alternating current in the range of 2 volts to 42 volts.

13. The vehicle transparency of claim 5, wherein the dielectric layers consist of oxide layers.

8. A method of heating a vehicle transparency having a conductive coating, comprising:

providing a substrate having an undivided electrically conductive solar control coating formed over at least a portion of the substrate, wherein the coating has a sheet resistance in the range of 0.6 to 1.7 ohms per square, and wherein the coating comprises;

a first dielectric layer comprising at least one of a zinc stannate layer and a zinc oxide layer;

a first reflective layer over the first dielectric layer and comprising metallic silver;

a second dielectric layer over the first reflective layer comprising at least one of a zinc stannate layer and a zinc oxide layer; and

a second reflective layer over the second dielectric layer and comprising metallic silver;

connecting the conductive coating to a source of AC power, wherein the source of AC power comprises an alternator comprising at least one coil generating AC power, with the conductive coating in electrical contact with the at least one coil;

connecting a transformer to the coil and the conductive coating such that alternating current is supplied to the conductive coating such that said electrically conductive coating is powered by alternating current; and

connecting a second substrate to the first substrate by a polymeric layer.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the transformer is a variable transformer and is configured to supply alternating current in the range of 2 volts to 42 volts.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein the conductive coating further comprises:

a third dielectric layer over the second reflective layer and comprising at least one of a zinc stannate layer and a zinc oxide layer;

a third reflective layer over the third dielectric layer and comprising metallic silver; and

a fourth dielectric layer over the third reflective layer and comprising at least one of a zinc stannate layer and a zinc oxide layer.

14. The vehicle transparency of claim 8, wherein the dielectric layers consist of oxide layers.