Domain wall motion in perpendicularly magnetized wires having artificial antiferromagnetically coupled multilayers with engineered interfaces
First Claim
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1. A method, comprising:
- providing a magnetic wire that acts as a track for the motion of a domain wall, the wire including;
an underlayer;
a first magnetic region over, and in contact with, the underlayer and having an easy magnetization direction perpendicular to the interface between the underlayer and the first magnetic region, wherein the first magnetic region is ferromagnetic and/or ferrimagnetic;
a coupling layer over, and in contact with, the first magnetic region; and
a second magnetic region over, and in contact with, the coupling layer, wherein the second magnetic region is ferromagnetic and/or ferrimagnetic, and wherein the first magnetic region and the second magnetic region are antiferromagnetically coupled by the coupling layer; and
an overlayer over, and in contact with, the second magnetic region;
wherein (i) the underlayer, the first magnetic region, the coupling layer, the second magnetic region, and the overlayer extend along at least a portion of the length of the wire, and (ii) at least one of the underlayer and the overlayer includes a non-magnetic material (NMM) selected from the group of elements consisting of Pt, Pd, and Ir; and
applying current to the wire, thereby moving a domain wall along the wire, wherein the domain wall extends (i) across the first magnetic region, the coupling layer, and the second magnetic region and (ii) into at least a portion of the underlayer and/or a portion of the overlayer.
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Abstract
Magnetic wires that include two antiferromagnetically coupled magnetic regions show improved domain wall motion properties, when the domain walls are driven by pulses of electrical current. The magnetic regions preferably include Co, Ni, and Pt and exhibit perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, thereby supporting the propagation of narrow domain walls. The direction of motion of the domain walls can be influenced by the order in which the wire'"'"'s layers are arranged.
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Citations
44 Claims
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1. A method, comprising:
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providing a magnetic wire that acts as a track for the motion of a domain wall, the wire including; an underlayer; a first magnetic region over, and in contact with, the underlayer and having an easy magnetization direction perpendicular to the interface between the underlayer and the first magnetic region, wherein the first magnetic region is ferromagnetic and/or ferrimagnetic; a coupling layer over, and in contact with, the first magnetic region; and a second magnetic region over, and in contact with, the coupling layer, wherein the second magnetic region is ferromagnetic and/or ferrimagnetic, and wherein the first magnetic region and the second magnetic region are antiferromagnetically coupled by the coupling layer; and an overlayer over, and in contact with, the second magnetic region; wherein (i) the underlayer, the first magnetic region, the coupling layer, the second magnetic region, and the overlayer extend along at least a portion of the length of the wire, and (ii) at least one of the underlayer and the overlayer includes a non-magnetic material (NMM) selected from the group of elements consisting of Pt, Pd, and Ir; and applying current to the wire, thereby moving a domain wall along the wire, wherein the domain wall extends (i) across the first magnetic region, the coupling layer, and the second magnetic region and (ii) into at least a portion of the underlayer and/or a portion of the overlayer. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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32. A method, comprising:
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providing a magnetic wire that acts as a track for the motion of a domain wall, the wire including; a first magnetic region that is ferromagnetic and/or ferrimagnetic; a coupling layer over, and in contact with, the first magnetic region, the first magnetic region having an easy magnetization direction perpendicular to the interface between the first magnetic region and the coupling layer; and a second magnetic region over, and in contact with, the coupling layer, wherein the second magnetic region is ferromagnetic and/or ferrimagnetic, and wherein the first magnetic region and the second magnetic region are antiferromagnetically coupled by the coupling layer, so that the absolute value of the wire'"'"'s remanent magnetization is less than 0.50 times the sum of (i) the absolute value of the magnitude of the first magnetic region'"'"'s magnetization and (ii) the absolute value of the magnitude of the second magnetic region'"'"'s magnetization; and wherein the first magnetic region, the coupling layer, and the second magnetic region extend along at least a portion of the length of the wire; and applying current to the wire, thereby moving a domain wall along the wire, wherein the domain wall extends across the first magnetic region, the coupling layer, and the second magnetic region. - View Dependent Claims (33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44)
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Specification