Antenna with shaped dielectric loading
First Claim
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1. An antenna structure comprising:
- a first antenna element, said first antenna element being adapted to produce a first electromagnetic radiation pattern comprising a first and second reference axis;
a second antenna element, said second antenna element comprising a material adapted to refract a portion of said first electromagnetic radiation pattern to produce a second electromagnetic radiation pattern which has a third reference axis being substantially orthogonal to said first reference axis;
wherein said second antenna element is adapted to modify said first electromagnetic radiation pattern by delaying a portion of said first electromagnetic radiation pattern to cause a phase shift that results in said second electromagnetic radiation pattern;
wherein said second antenna element shape is formed to shape and concentrate said second electromagnetic radiation pattern orientation towards said third reference axis;
wherein said first reference axis is a vertical axis and said third reference axis is in the direction where directive gain is maximized after refraction by said second antenna element.
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Abstract
An apparatus, method of propagating a signal and method of manufacture for an antenna structure comprising a section which is positioned or formed in relation to a portion of the antenna structure, such that a portion of the electromagnetic (EM) field that is emitted from the antenna structure is partially slowed or phase shifted thereby resulting in an improvement of the horizontal gain of the EM field.
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Citations
30 Claims
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1. An antenna structure comprising:
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a first antenna element, said first antenna element being adapted to produce a first electromagnetic radiation pattern comprising a first and second reference axis; a second antenna element, said second antenna element comprising a material adapted to refract a portion of said first electromagnetic radiation pattern to produce a second electromagnetic radiation pattern which has a third reference axis being substantially orthogonal to said first reference axis; wherein said second antenna element is adapted to modify said first electromagnetic radiation pattern by delaying a portion of said first electromagnetic radiation pattern to cause a phase shift that results in said second electromagnetic radiation pattern; wherein said second antenna element shape is formed to shape and concentrate said second electromagnetic radiation pattern orientation towards said third reference axis; wherein said first reference axis is a vertical axis and said third reference axis is in the direction where directive gain is maximized after refraction by said second antenna element. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. An antenna structure comprising:
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a first antenna element adapted to produce a first electromagnetic radiation pattern comprising a first reference axis and a first plane being substantially orthogonal to said first reference axis; a second antenna element adapted in spatial relation to a portion of said first antenna element such that a portion of said first electromagnetic radiation pattern is modified thereby creating a second electromagnetic radiation pattern which has a directivity substantially strengthened in the direction of said first reference plane; wherein said second antenna element shape is formed to shape and concentrate said second electromagnetic radiation pattern orientation towards a directional wave propagation vector; wherein said second antenna element is adapted to increase said directivity of said second electromagnetic radiation pattern towards said directional wave propagation vector. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. An antenna comprising:
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a first antenna element, said first antenna element being adapted to produce a first electromagnetic radiation pattern at a first frequency range comprising a first and second reference axis, wherein said first reference axis defines an axis of rotation for said first electromagnetic radiation pattern produced by said first antenna element, said second reference axis is a directional wave propagation vector for said first electromagnetic radiation pattern; and a second antenna element, said second antenna element comprising a material adapted to refract a portion of said first electromagnetic radiation pattern at a second frequency range to produce a second electromagnetic radiation pattern which has a third reference axis wherein said third reference axis defines a directional wave propagation vector for said second electromagnetic radiation pattern, wherein said second antenna element shape and materials are determined based on a desired form or shape of a first plane that said second electromagnetic radiation pattern forms when said second electromagnetic pattern forms when it intersects said first plane; wherein said second antenna element shape is formed to shape and concentrate said second electromagnetic radiation pattern orientation towards said directional wave propagation vector; wherein said second antenna element is adapted to increase directivity of said second electromagnetic radiation pattern towards said directional wave propagation vector.
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21. A method producing a radio wave comprising:
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producing a first radio wave using a first antenna element adapted to produce a first electromagnetic radiation pattern comprising a first and second reference axis; and refracting said first radio wave through a second antenna element, said second antenna element being adapted to modify a portion of said first electromagnetic radiation pattern to produce a second electromagnetic radiation pattern which is has a third reference axis being substantially orthogonal to said first reference axis. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24)
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25. A method of manufacturing an antenna comprising:
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providing a first antenna element, said first antenna element being adapted to produce a first electromagnetic radiation pattern comprising a first and second reference axis; and providing a second antenna element adapted to refract a portion of an electromagnetic wave having said first electromagnetic radiation pattern thereby creating a second electromagnetic radiation pattern which is has a third reference axis being substantially orthogonal to said first reference axis. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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Specification