Voltage converter

• US 8,693,214 B2
• Filed: 06/28/2011
• Issued: 04/08/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 06/29/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Brusa Hypower AG
• Original Assignee: BRUSA Elektronik AG
• Inventors: Krause, Axel
• Primary Examiner(s): Berhane, Adolf
• Application Number:
  US13/700,800
• Publication Number:
  US 20130107581A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,015 Days
• Field of Search: 363 15- 18, 363/21.02, 363/21.03, 363/123, 363125-127, 363/131, 363/132
• US Class Current: 363/21.02
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/12 Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/28 using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33523 with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/217 using semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A voltage converter (1a . . . 1g), in particular a resonant converter for converting an input AC or DC voltage (U_E) into an output DC voltage (U_A). On the secondary side, a first secondary capacitor (CS1) is arranged between the secondary partial windings (WS1, WS2) of a transformer (TR1); furthermore, a first secondary full-bridge rectifier (GS1) provides the output direct voltage (U_A), the inputs of which are connected to a secondary partial winding (WS1, WS2) each of the transformer (TR1), resulting, at the input of the first secondary full-bridge rectifier (GS1), in a series connection including the secondary partial windings (WS1, WS2) and the first secondary capacitor (CS1). Finally, the voltage converter (1a . . . 1f) includes a second secondary full-bridge rectifier (GS2) connected in parallel with the first secondary full-bridge rectifier (GS1) for providing the output direct voltage (U_A), wherein the first secondary capacitor (CS1) is connected to the input of the second secondary full-bridge rectifier (GS2).

Claims

1. A voltage converter comprising:

a transformer, said transformer having at least one primary-side winding;

an AC/AC converting circuit connected to convert an input alternating current to a higher frequency input alternating current for said at least one primary-side winding;

said transformer having a first secondary-side partial winding, said first secondary-side partial winding having a respective first end, and said first secondary-side partial winding having a respective second end;

said transformer having a second secondary-side partial winding, said second secondary-side partial winding having a respective first end, and said first secondary-side partial winding having a respective second end;

a first secondary-side full bridge rectifier, said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier having a first input connected to said first end of said first secondary-side partial winding, said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier having a second input connected to said first end of said second secondary-side partial winding, said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier having a respective output side configured to supply output direct voltage;

a first secondary-side capacitor, said capacitor having a first side connected to said second end of said first secondary-side partial winding, said capacitor having a second side connected to said second end of said second secondary-side partial winding;

a second secondary-side full bridge rectifier, said second secondary-side full bridge rectifier having a first input connected to said second end of said first secondary-side partial winding and connected to said first side of said first secondary-side capacitor, said second secondary-side full bridge rectifier having a second input connected to said second end of said second secondary-side partial winding and connected to said second side of said first secondary-side capacitor, said second secondary-side full bridge rectifier having a respective output side connected in a homopolar manner to said respective output side of said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier.

2. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 1 further comprising:

a second secondary-side capacitor, said second secondary-side capacitor having a respective first side connected to said first input of said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier, said second secondary-side capacitor having a respective second side connected to said second input of said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier; and

,

a switch connected in series with said second secondary-side capacitor.

3. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 2 further comprising:

said switch is a first transistor; and

,

a diode is connected in antiparallel to said transistor.

4. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 3 further comprising:

a second transistor connected in series at said second side of said second secondary-side capacitor, and a second diode connected in antiparallel to said second transistor; and

,

said series connection of said first transistor, said second secondary-side capacitor, and said second transistor disposes the respective forward-bias directions of said first and second transistors, respectively, against each other.

5. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 4 further comprising:

a controller configured to control said first and second transistors in response to an inactive state in at least one of said first and second secondary-ide full bridge rectifiers.

6. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 4 further comprising:

a control transformer connected to controllably drive said first and second transistors.

7. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 6 further comprising:

said control transformer has secondary-side coils, said control transformer secondary-side coils being connected to control inputs of said first and second transistors.

8. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 1 further comprising:

at least one choke connected in series with one of said first or second secondary-side partial windings.

9. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 1 further comprising:

a first supplemental secondary-side capacitor switchably connected in parallel to said first secondary-side capacitor, between said second ends, respectively, of said first and second secondary-side partial windings.

10. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 9 further comprising:

a second secondary-side capacitor, said second secondary-side capacitor having a respective first side connected to said first input of said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier, said second secondary-side capacitor having a respective second side connected to said second input of said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier;

a switch connected in series with said second secondary-side capacitor; and

,

a second supplemental secondary-side capacitor switchably connected in parallel to said second secondary-side capacitor, between said first and second inputs, respectively, of said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier.

11. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 10 further comprising:

said switch is a first transistor connected to said first side of said second secondary-side capacitor;

a second transistor connected in series at said second side of said second secondary-side capacitor; and

,

said series connection of said first transistor, said second secondary-side capacitor with said parallel second supplemental secondary-side capacitor, and said second transistor, disposes the respective forward-bias directions of said first and second transistors, respectively, against each other.

12. A voltage converter comprising:

a transformer, said transformer having a primary side and said transformer having a secondary side;

a first primary-side rectifier for rectifying input alternating current;

a primary-side full bridge inverter, said primary-side full bridge inverter having an input supplied via rectified current from said first primary-side rectifier, said primary-side full bridge inverter having a first output, and said primary-side full bridge inverter having a second output;

said transformer primary side having a first primary-side partial winding, said first primary-side partial winding having a respective first end, and said first primary-side partial winding having a respective second end;

said transformer primary side having a second primary-side partial winding, said second primary-side partial winding having a respective first end, and said second primary-side partial winding having a respective second end;

said first output of said primary-side full bridge inverter being connected to said first end of said first primary-side partial winding, and said second output of said primary-side full bridge inverter being connected to said first end of said second primary-side partial winding;

a second primary-side rectifier, said second primary-side rectifier having an output connected to said primary-side full bridge inverter'"'"'s input, said second primary-side rectifier having a first input connected to said second end of said first primary-side partial winding, said second primary-side rectifier having a second input connected to said second end of said second primary-side partial winding;

a first primary-side capacitor, said first primary-side capacitor having a first side connected to said second end of said first primary-side partial winding and to said first input of said second primary-side rectifier, said first primary-side capacitor having a second side connected to said second end of said second primary-side partial winding and to said second input of said second primary-side rectifier;

said transformer having a first secondary-side partial winding, said first secondary-side partial winding having a respective first end, and said first secondary-side partial winding having a respective second end;

said transformer having a second secondary-side partial winding, said second secondary-side partial winding having a respective first end, and said first secondary-side partial winding having a respective second end;

a first secondary-side full bridge rectifier, said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier having a first input connected to said first end of said first secondary-side partial winding, said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier having a second input connected to said first end of said second secondary-side partial winding, said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier having a respective output side configured to supply output direct voltage;

a first secondary-side capacitor, said first secondary-side capacitor having a first side connected to said second end of said first secondary-side partial winding, said first secondary-side capacitor having a second side connected to said second end of said second secondary-side partial winding;

a second secondary-side full bridge rectifier, said second secondary-side full bridge rectifier having a first input connected to said second end of said first secondary-side partial winding and connected to said first side of said first secondary-side capacitor, said second secondary-side full bridge rectifier having a second input connected to said second end of said second secondary-side partial winding and connected to said second side of said first secondary-side capacitor, said second secondary-side full bridge rectifier having a respective output side connected in a homopolar manner to said respective output side of said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier.

13. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 12 further comprising:

a first control transformer connected to controllably drive said primary-side full bridge inverter.

14. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 13 further comprising:

a second secondary side capacitor, said second secondary-side capacitor having a respective first side connected to said first input of said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier, said second secondary-side capacitor having a respective second side connected to said second input of said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier;

a switch connected in series with said second secondary-side capacitor, said switch including a first transistor connected to said first side of said second secondary-side capacitor;

a second transistor connected in series at said second side of said second secondary-side capacitor; and

,

a second control transformer connected to controllably drive said first and second transistors.

15. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 14 further comprising:

an autotransformer, said autotransformer having a center tap, said center tap being connected to an output of said first primary-side rectifier;

said autotransformer having a first end tap, and said autotransformer having a second end tap; and

,

at least one autotransformer control switch configured to controllably connect said first and second end taps, respectively, to said respective first ends of said first and second primary-side partial windings.

16. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 14 further comprising:

a potential-isolating transformer, said potential-isolating transformer having a respective primary side, said potential-isolating transformer prig primary side being connected to an output of said first primary-side rectifier;

said potential-isolating transformer having a respective secondary side; and

,

at least one potential-isolating transformer control switch configured to controllably connect said secondary side of said potential-isolating transformer to said respective first ends of said first and second primary-side partial windings.

17. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 12 further comprising:

an autotransformer, said autotransformer having a center tap, said center tap being connected to an output of said first primary-side rectifier;

said autotransformer having a first end tap, and said autotransformer having a second end tap; and

,

at least one autotransformer control switch configured to controllably connect said first and second end taps, respectively, to said respective first ends of said first and second primary-side partial windings.

18. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 12 further comprising:

a potential-isolating transformer, said potential-isolating transformer having a respective primary side, said potential-isolating transformer primary side being connected to an output of said first primary-side rectifier;

said potential-isolating transformer having a respective secondary side; and

,

at least one potential-isolating transformer control switch configured to controllably connect said secondary side of said potential-isolating transformer to said respective first ends of said first and second primary-side partial windings.

19. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 12 further comprising:

at least one choke connected in series with one of said first or second primary-side partial windings.

20. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 19 further comprising:

at least one additional choke connected in series with one of said first or second secondary-side partial windings; and

,

said transformer has a rigid coupling.

21. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 12 further comprising:

said transformer is a leakage-field transformer.

22. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 12 further comprising:

a first supplemental primary-side capacitor switchably connected in parallel to said first primary-side capacitor, between said second ends, respectively, of said first and second primary-side partial windings.

23. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 22 further comprising:

a first supplemental secondary-side capacitor switchably connected in parallel to said first secondary-side capacitor, between said second ends, respectively, of said first and second secondary-side partial windings.

24. A voltage converter as claimed in claim 23 further comprising:

a second secondary-side capacitor, said second secondary-side capacitor having a respective first side connected to said first input of said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier, said second secondary-side capacitor having a respective second side connected to said second input of said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier;

a switch connected in series with said second secondary-side capacitor; and

,

a second supplemental secondary-side capacitor switchably connected in parallel to said second secondary-side capacitor, between said first and second inputs, respectively, of said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier.

25. A voltage converter comprising:

a transformer, said transformer having a primary side and said transformer having a secondary side;

a first primary-side rectifier for rectifying input alternating current;

a primary-side full bridge inverter, said primary-side full bridge inverter having an input supplied via rectified current from said first primary-side rectifier, said primary-side full bridge inverter having a first output, and said primary-side full bridge inverter having a second output;

said transformer primary side having a first primary-side partial winding, said first primary-side partial winding having a respective first end, and said first primary-side partial winding having a respective second end;

said transformer primary side having a second primary-side partial winding, said second primary-side partial winding having a respective first end, and said second primary-side partial winding having a respective second end;

said first output of said primary-side full bridge inverter being connected to said first end of said first primary-side partial winding, and said second output of said primary-side full bridge inverter being connected to said first end of said second primary-side partial winding;

a second primary-side rectifier, said second primary-side rectifier having an output connected to said primary-side full bridge inverter'"'"'s input, said second primary-side rectifier having a first input connected to said second end of said first primary-side partial winding, said second primary-side rectifier having a second input connected to said second end of said second primary-side partial winding;

a first primary-side capacitor, said first primary-side capacitor having a first side connected to said second end of said first primary-side partial winding and to said first input of said second primary-side rectifier, said first primary-side capacitor having a second side connected to said second end of said second primary-side partial winding and to said second input of said second primary-side rectifier;

said transformer having a first secondary-side partial winding, said first secondary-side partial winding having a respective first end, and said first secondary-side partial winding having a respective second end;

said transformer having a second secondary-side partial winding, said second secondary-side partial winding having a respective first end, and said first secondary-side partial winding having a respective second end;

a first secondary-side full bridge rectifier, said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier having a first input connected to said first end of said first secondary-side partial winding, said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier having a second input connected to said first end of said second secondary-side partial winding, said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier having a respective output side configured to supply output direct voltage;

a secondary-side capacitor, said secondary-side capacitor having a respective first side connected to said first input of said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier, said secondary-side capacitor having a respective second side connected to said second input of said first secondary-side full bridge rectifier;

a switch connected in series with said second secondary-side capacitor, said switch having a first transistor;

a diode connected in antiparallel to said transistor;

a second transistor connected in series at said second side of said secondary-side capacitor, and a second diode connected in antiparallel to said second transistor; and

,

said series connection of said first transistor, said secondary-side capacitor, and said second transistor disposes the respective forward-bias directions of said first and second transistors, respectively, against each other.