Low cost electrochemical disposable sensor for measuring glycated hemoglobin
First Claim
1. A sensor for measuring percentage glycated hemoglobin (GHb) and total hemoglobin (Hb), said sensor comprising:
- a salts-and-surfactant-embedded membrane to receive a blood sample, and for lysing erythrocytes in said blood cell sample to release hemoglobin molecules,said salts-and-surfactant-embedded membrane to allow said hemoglobin molecules and plasma to pass through as a filtrate, wherein said blood sample contains erythrocytes, white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets;
a first working electrode to measure concentration of glycated hemoglobin (GHb) contained in said filtrate;
a second working electrode to measure concentration of total hemoglobin (Hb) contained in said filtrate;
a reference electrode to operate as a reference with respect to which measurements from said first working electrode and said second working electrodes are made; and
a counter electrode for providing charge balance,wherein said salts-and-surfactant-embedded membrane has pores of small enough magnitude to retain any unlysed erythrocytes, said WBCs and said platelets, such that said filtrate passed through contains only said hemoglobin molecules and plasma.
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Abstract
Design of a disposable screen printed electrode (SPE) for sensing percentage glycated hemoglobin using electrochemistry is disclosed. SPE has four electrodes, one working electrode for the detection of glycated hemoglobin, one working electrode for the detection of hemoglobin and the other two electrodes are counter and reference electrodes that are common for both detection schemes. It also has a cellulose acetate membrane with lysis agents and surfactant embedded in it. Lysis agents lyse erythrocytes and release hemoglobin. Surfactants modify hemoglobin structure and enhance the rate the electron transfer and thereby the output signal during the electrochemical analysis. The SPE is low cost and user friendly. The only input from the user is a drop of blood.
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Citations
12 Claims
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1. A sensor for measuring percentage glycated hemoglobin (GHb) and total hemoglobin (Hb), said sensor comprising:
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a salts-and-surfactant-embedded membrane to receive a blood sample, and for lysing erythrocytes in said blood cell sample to release hemoglobin molecules, said salts-and-surfactant-embedded membrane to allow said hemoglobin molecules and plasma to pass through as a filtrate, wherein said blood sample contains erythrocytes, white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets; a first working electrode to measure concentration of glycated hemoglobin (GHb) contained in said filtrate; a second working electrode to measure concentration of total hemoglobin (Hb) contained in said filtrate; a reference electrode to operate as a reference with respect to which measurements from said first working electrode and said second working electrodes are made; and a counter electrode for providing charge balance, wherein said salts-and-surfactant-embedded membrane has pores of small enough magnitude to retain any unlysed erythrocytes, said WBCs and said platelets, such that said filtrate passed through contains only said hemoglobin molecules and plasma. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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Specification