Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus including elements for phase correction of wireless transmissions

• US 8,704,522 B2
• Filed: 03/15/2011
• Issued: 04/22/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 03/18/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation (Canon Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation (Canon Inc.), Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Inventors: Akita, Koji, Sekiguchi, Takahiro, Nakanishi, Toshiyuki, Okamoto, Kazuya, Kato, Sojuro
• Primary Examiner(s): Koval, Melissa
• Assistant Examiner(s): PATEL, RISHI R
• Application Number:
  US13/048,343
• Publication Number:
  US 20110227574A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,134 Days
• Field of Search: 324/322
• US Class Current: 324/322
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/3621 NMR receivers or demodulators, e.g. preamplifiers, means for frequency modulation of the MR signal using a digital down converter, means for analog to digital conversion [ADC] or for filtering or processing of the MR signal such as bandpass filtering, resampling, decimation or interpolation
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/3692 involving signal transmission without using electrically conductive connections, e.g. wireless communication or optical communication of the MR signal or an auxiliary signal other than the MR signal

Abstract

In one embodiment, an MRI apparatus includes first and second clock generators, a pulse generator, transmission and reception coils, pulse and phase detectors, and a corrector. The pulse generator generates an excitation pulse signal based on a clock signal generated by the first clock generator. The reception coil outputs a radio frequency signals corresponding to an excitation pulse transmitted from the transmission coil or an MR echo. The converter digitizes, synchronously with a clock signal generated by the second clock generator, the radio frequency signal, to obtain radio frequency data. The pulse detector detects excitation pulse data corresponding to the excitation pulse from the radio frequency data. The phase detector detects a phase of a pulse indicated by the detected excitation pulse data. The corrector corrects the radio frequency data based on the detected phase, to compensate for a phase offset which occurs in the echo during the digitization.

Claims

1. A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus comprising:

a first clock generator which generates a first clock signal;

a pulse generator which generates an excitation pulse signal based on the first clock signal;

a transmission coil which wirelessly transmits an excitation pulse based on the excitation pulse signal;

a reception coil which receives the excitation pulse wirelessly transmitted from the transmission coil and a magnetic resonance echo emitted from a subject by a function of the excitation pulse to obtain a radio frequency signal;

a second clock generator which generates a second clock signal;

a digital converter which digitizes, synchronously with the second clock signal, the radio frequency signal or signal obtained by subjecting the radio frequency signal to predetermined processing, to obtain radio frequency data;

a pulse detector which detects excitation pulse data corresponding to the excitation pulse from the radio frequency data;

a phase detector which detects a phase of a pulse indicated by the excitation pulse data detected by the pulse detector; and

a corrector which calculates an amount of a phase shift which occurs in the magnetic resonance echo indicated by the radio frequency data during the digitization in the digital converter, based on the excitation pulse data and the phase detected by the phase detector and which corrects the radio frequency data so as to compensate for the amount of the phase shift.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

an adjuster which adjusts a frequency of the second clock signal based on change with time of the phase detected by the phase detector.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

a second phase detector which detects the phase of the pulse indicated by the excitation pulse data detected by the pulse detector; and

an adjuster which regulates a frequency of the second clock signal based on change with time of the phase detected by the second phase detector.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, including a system side unit and a coil side unit,

wherein the system side unit comprises the first clock generator, the pulse generator, the transmission coil, the pulse detector, the phase detector and the corrector,

the coil side unit comprises the reception coil, the second clock generator and the digital converter,

the coil side unit further comprises a wireless transmitter which wirelessly transmits the radio frequency data,

the system side unit further comprises a wireless receiver which receives the radio frequency data wirelessly transmitted from the wireless transmitter,

the pulse detector detects excitation pulse data corresponding to the excitation pulse from the radio frequency data received by the wireless receiver, and

the corrector corrects the radio frequency data received by the wireless receiver.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, including a system side unit and a coil side unit,

wherein the system side unit comprises the first clock generator, the pulse generator, the transmission coil, the phase detector and the corrector,

the coil side unit comprises the reception coil, the second clock generator, the digital converter and the pulse detector,

the coil side unit further comprises a wireless transmitter which wirelessly transmits the radio frequency data and excitation pulse data detected by the pulse detector,

the system side unit further comprises a wireless receiver which receives the radio frequency data and the excitation pulse data wirelessly transmitted from the wireless transmitter,

the phase detector detects the phase of the pulse indicated by the excitation pulse data received by the wireless receiver, and

the corrector corrects the radio frequency data received by the wireless receiver.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, including a system side unit and a coil side unit,

wherein the system side unit comprises the first clock generator, the pulse generator, the transmission coil and the corrector,

the coil side unit comprises the reception coil, the second clock generator, the digital converter, the pulse detector and the phase detector,

the coil side unit further comprises a wireless transmitter which wirelessly transmits the radio frequency data and phase data which indicates the phase detected by the phase detector,

the system side unit further comprises a wireless receiver which receives the radio frequency data and the phase data wirelessly transmitted from the wireless transmitter, and

the corrector corrects the radio frequency data received by the wireless receiver based on a phase indicated by the phase data received by the wireless receiver.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, including a system side unit and a coil side unit,

wherein the system side unit comprises the first clock generator, the pulse generator and the transmission coil,

the coil side unit comprises the reception coil, the second clock generator, the digital converter, the pulse detector, the phase detector and the corrector,

the coil side unit further comprises a wireless transmitter which wirelessly transmits radio frequency data corrected by the corrector, and

the system side unit further comprises a wireless receiver which receives the radio frequency data wirelessly transmitted from the wireless transmitter.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

a clock transmitter which wirelessly transmits the first clock signal; and

a clock receiver which receives the first clock signal wirelessly transmitted from the clock transmitter,

wherein the second clock generator generates the second clock signal synchronously with the first clock signal received by the clock receiver.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

a setting unit which sets a timing at which the pulse generator generates the excitation pulse signal,

wherein the pulse detector detects the excitation pulse data based on the timing set by the setting unit.

15. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pulse detector detects a time point at which a signal level indicated by the radio frequency data is not less than a predetermined level, as a start time point of the excitation pulse data.

16. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the digital converter has a saturation level which is smaller than the maximum level of an output signal of the reception coil corresponding to the excitation pulse and which is larger than the maximum level of the output signal of the reception coil corresponding to the magnetic resonance echo, and

the pulse detector detects a time point at which a signal level indicated by the radio frequency data becomes the saturation level, as a start time point of the excitation pulse data.

17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the digital converter has a saturation level which is smaller than the maximum level of an output signal of the reception coil corresponding to the excitation pulse and which is larger than the maximum level of the output signal of the reception coil corresponding to the magnetic resonance echo, and

the pulse detector detects, as the excitation pulse data, output data of the digital converter after a signal level indicated by the radio frequency data changes from the saturation level to a level which is lower than the saturation level.

18. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the phase detector calculates a correlation between a part of a signal waveform indicated by the excitation pulse data detected by the pulse detector and a signal including the same frequency component as that of the excitation pulse generated by the pulse generator, to detect the phase of the pulse indicated by the excitation pulse data.

19. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pulse generator generates the excitation pulse signal as a signal having an amplitude variance represented by a function obtained as a product of a first function and a second function, and

the phase detector further comprises:

a first phase value calculator which divides, by the second function provided with offsets having different offset amounts, a signal in a first section as a part of the pulse indicated by the excitation pulse data detected by the pulse detector, respectively, to obtain a plurality of third functions, and calculates a correlation between each of the third functions and the first function, to calculate a plurality of first phase values corresponding to the plurality of offset amounts, respectively;

a second phase value calculator which respectively divides, by the second function provided with the offsets having the plurality of offset amounts, a signal in a second section, different from the first section, as a part of the pulse indicated by the excitation pulse data detected by the pulse detector, to obtain a plurality of fourth functions, and calculates a correlation between each of the fourth functions and the first function, to calculate a plurality of second phase values corresponding to the plurality of offset amounts, respectively;

a phase difference calculator which calculates a plurality of phase differences corresponding to the plurality of offset amounts as a difference between the first phase value and the second phase value corresponding to the same offset amount;

a selector which selects the phase of the pulse indicated by the excitation pulse data detected by the pulse detector as the first phase value calculated by the first phase value calculator or the second phase value calculated by the second phase value calculator concerning the offset amount corresponding to the minimum phase difference among the plurality of phase differences calculated by the phase difference calculator.

20. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the phase detector obtains a timing at which a signal level of the pulse indicated by the excitation pulse data detected by the pulse detector reaches the threshold value, by interpolation processing based on two signal levels concerning two consecutive samples of signal levels indicated by the excitation pulse data detected by the pulse detector, one signal level being below the threshold value and the other signal level being above the threshold value, to detect, as the timing, the phase of the pulse indicated by the excitation pulse data detected by the pulse detector.

4. A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus comprising:

a first clock generator which generates a first clock signal;

a pulse generator which generates an excitation pulse signal based on the first clock signal;

a transmission coil which wirelessly transmits an excitation pulse based on the excitation pulse signal;

a reception coil which receives the excitation pulse wirelessly transmitted from the transmission coil and a magnetic resonance echo emitted from a subject by a function of the excitation pulse to obtain a radio frequency signal;

a second clock generator which generates a second clock signal;

a digital converter which digitizes, synchronously with the second clock signal, the radio frequency signal or signal obtained by subjecting the radio frequency signal to predetermined processing, to obtain radio frequency data;

a pulse detector which detects excitation pulse data corresponding to the excitation pulse from the radio frequency data;

a phase detector which detects a phase of a pulse indicated by the excitation pulse data detected by the pulse detector;

an adjuster which adjusts a frequency of the second clock signal based on change with time of the phase detected by the phase detector; and

a corrector which calculates an amount of a phase shift which occurs in the magnetic resonance echo indicated by the radio frequency data during the digitization in the digital converter, based on the excitation pulse data and the phase detected by the phase detector and which corrects the radio frequency data so as to compensate for the amount of the phase shift.

5. A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus comprising:

a first clock generator which generates a first clock signal;

a pulse generator which generates an excitation pulse signal based on the first clock signal;

a transmission coil which wirelessly transmits an excitation pulse based on the excitation pulse signal;

an antenna which outputs a radio frequency signal corresponding to the excitation pulse wirelessly transmitted from the transmission coil;

a reception coil which outputs a radio frequency signal corresponding to magnetic resonance echo emitted from a subject by a function of the excitation pulse;

a second clock generator which generates a second clock signal;

a digital converter which digitizes, synchronously with the second clock signal, the radio frequency signals output from the antenna and the reception coil or signals obtained by subjecting the radio frequency signals to predetermined processing, to obtain radio frequency data;

a pulse detector which detects excitation pulse data corresponding to the excitation pulse from the radio frequency data;

a phase detector which detects a phase of a pulse indicated by the excitation pulse data detected by the pulse detector; and

a corrector which calculates an amount of a phase shift which occurs in the magnetic resonance echo indicated by the radio frequency data during the digitization in the digital converter, based on the excitation pulse data and the phase detected by the phase detector and which corrects the radio frequency data so as to compensate for the amount of the phase shift.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising:

an adjuster which adjusts a frequency of the second clock signal based on change with time of the phase detected by the phase detector.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising:

a second phase detector which detects the phase of the pulse indicated by the excitation pulse data detected by the pulse detector; and

an adjuster which adjusts a frequency of the second clock signal based on change with time of the phase detected by the second phase detector.

8. A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus comprising:

a first clock generator which generates a first clock signal;

a pulse generator which generates an excitation pulse signal based on the first clock signal;

a transmission coil which wirelessly transmits an excitation pulse based on the excitation pulse signal;

an antenna which outputs a radio frequency signal corresponding to the excitation pulse wirelessly transmitted from the transmission coil;

a reception coil which outputs a radio frequency signal corresponding to magnetic resonance echo emitted from a subject by a function of the excitation pulse;

a second clock generator which generates a second clock signal;

a digital converter which digitizes, synchronously with the second clock signal, the radio frequency signals output from the antenna and the reception coil or signals obtained by subjecting the radio frequency signals to predetermined processing, to obtain radio frequency data;

a pulse detector which detects excitation pulse data corresponding to the excitation pulse from the radio frequency data;

a phase detector which detects a phase of a pulse indicated by the excitation pulse data detected by the pulse detector;

an adjuster which adjusts a frequency of the second clock signal based on change with time of the phase detected by the phase detector; and

a corrector which calculates an amount of a phase shift which occurs in the magnetic resonance echo indicated by the radio frequency data during the digitization in the digital converter, based on the excitation pulse data and the phase detected by the phase detector and which corrects the radio frequency data so as to compensate for the amount of the phase shift.