Systems and methods for automatic adjustment of ventilator settings

• US 8,714,154 B2
• Filed: 03/30/2011
• Issued: 05/06/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 03/30/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Covidien LP (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Covidien LP (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Masic, Milenko, Doyle, Peter
• Primary Examiner(s): Thanh, Loan
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lo, Andrew S
• Application Number:
  US13/076,184
• Publication Number:
  US 20120247471A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,133 Days
• Field of Search: 12820024-20512
• US Class Current: 128/204.23
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0051 with alarm devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/026 specially adapted for predicting, e.g. for determining an information representative of a flow limitation during a ventilation cycle by using a root square technique or a regression analysis
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0027 pressure meter
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0036 in the breathing tube and used in both inspiratory and expiratory phase
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/505 Touch-screens; Virtual keyboard or keypads; Virtual buttons; Soft keys; Mouse touches
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/46 Resistance or compliance of the lungs

Abstract

Various embodiments of the present disclosure provide systems, methods and devices for respiratory support. As one example, a ventilation system is disclosed that includes a computer readable medium including instructions for operating in a hybrid mode. These instructions include measuring patient effort during a spontaneous breath type and deriving a neural inspiratory time from the measurements of patient effort. This neural inspiratory time is then set as the inspiratory for a breath of a mandatory breath type. If new patient effort measurements are received by the ventilator, the neural inspiratory time may be adjusted.

Claims

1. A ventilation system, comprising:

a processor communicably coupled to a computer readable medium, wherein the computer readable medium includes instructions for delivering a mandatory breath type, the processor configured to;

calculate patient effort for a first breath of a patient;

based on the calculated patient effort, derive a beginning and an end of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycle for the first breath;

calculate a neural inspiratory time based on at least the derived beginning and end of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycle for the first breath; and

set the neural inspiratory time as an inspiratory time setting for a second breath, the second breath being of the mandatory breath type.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the mandatory breath type comprises one of:

volume control, pressure regulated volume control, pressure control, and any time-cycled breath type.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the neural inspiratory time is calculated on a breath by breath basis.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the neural inspiratory time is calculated on an interval basis.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the second breath is the next breath after the first breath.

6. The system of claim 1, the processor further configured to:

calculate patient effort for the second breath;

based on the calculated patient effort, derive a beginning and an end of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycle for the second breath;

calculate a new neural inspiratory time based on the derived beginning and end of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycle from at least the first breath and the second breath; and

set the new neural inspiratory time as the inspiratory time setting for a third breath, the third breath being of the mandatory breath type.

7. A method for respiratory support, the method comprising:

calculating patient effort for a first breath of a patient;

based on the calculated patient effort, derive a beginning and an end of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycle;

calculating a neural inspiratory time based on at least the derived beginning and end of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycle for the first breath; and

setting the neural inspiratory time as an inspiratory time setting for a second breath, the second breath being of the mandatory breath type.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the mandatory breath type comprises one of:

volume control, pressure regulated volume control, and pressure control and any time-cycled breath.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the neural inspiratory time is calculated on a breath by breath basis.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the neural inspiratory time is calculated on an interval basis.

11. The method of claim 7, wherein the second breath is the next breath after the first breath.

12. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

calculating a patient effort for the second breath;

based on the calculated patient effort, derive a beginning and an end of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycle for the second breath;

calculating a new neural inspiratory time based on the derived beginning and end of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycle from at least the first breath and the second breath; and

setting the new neural inspiratory time as the inspiratory time setting for a third breath, the third breath being of the mandatory breath type.

13. A ventilation system, the ventilation system comprising:

a gas inlet;

a gas outlet;

a tube coupling the gas inlet to the gas outlet;

a pressure sensor, wherein the pressure sensor is operable to provide a measured pressure value indicating a pressure in the tube;

a first flow sensor, wherein the first flow sensor is operable to provide an inlet flow value indicating a flow associated with the gas inlet;

a second flow sensor, wherein the second flow sensor is operable to provide an outlet flow value indicating a flow associated with the gas outlet;

a graphical display; and

a processor communicably coupled to a computer readable medium, wherein the computer readable medium includes instructions for delivering a mandatory breath type, the processor configured to;

calculate patient effort for a first breath of a patient;

derive a beginning and an end of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycle for the first breath from the calculated patient effort;

calculate a neural inspiratory time based on at least the derived beginning and end of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycle for the first breath; and

set the neural inspiratory time as an inspiratory time setting for a second breath, the second breath being of the mandatory breath type.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the mandatory breath type comprises one of:

volume control, pressure regulated volume control, and pressure control.

15. The system of claim 13, wherein the neural inspiratory time is calculated on a breath by breath basis.

16. The system of claim 13, wherein the neural inspiratory time is calculated on an interval basis.

17. The system of claim 13, wherein the second breath is the next breath after the first breath.

18. The system of claim 13, the processor further configured to:

calculate patient effort for the second breath;

derive a beginning and an end of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycle for the second breath from the calculated patient effort;

calculate a new neural inspiratory time based on the derived beginnings and ends of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycles for at least the first breath and the second breath;

set the new neural inspiratory time as the inspiratory time setting for a third breath, the third breath being of the mandatory breath type.

19. The system of claim 16, wherein calculating the neural inspiratory time on an interval basis further comprises:

accessing the derived beginnings and ends of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycles for a preset number of breaths including the first breath;

averaging the derived beginnings and ends of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycles for the preset number of breaths to obtain an average derived beginning and end of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycle; and

setting the average derived beginning and end of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycle as the neural inspiratory time.

20. The system of claim 16, wherein calculating the neural inspiratory time on an interval basis further comprises:

accessing the derived beginnings and ends of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycles for a series of breaths taken during a preset time period, the series of breaths including the first breath;

averaging the derived beginnings and ends of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycles for the series of breaths to obtain an average derived beginning and end of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycle; and

setting the average derived beginning and end of the patient'"'"'s inspiratory cycle as the neural inspiratory time.