Traction control device

• US 8,725,359 B2
• Filed: 12/25/2009
• Issued: 05/13/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 12/26/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Komatsu Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Komatsu Ltd.
• Inventors: Uematsu, Koji, Hatake, Kazuhiro, Kusumoto, Yuya
• Primary Examiner(s): Jabr, Fadey
• Assistant Examiner(s): HEINLE, COURTNEY D
• Application Number:
  US13/139,470
• Publication Number:
  US 20110246031A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,600 Days
• Field of Search: 701/50, 701/51, 701/70, 701/81, 701/90, 172/2, 477/34, 477/182
• US Class Current: 701/50
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 17/35 including arrangements for suppressing or influencing the power transfer, e.g. viscous clutches differential gearing with locking devices F16H48/20
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 10/00 Control or regulation for continuous braking making use of fluid or powdered medium, e.g. for use when descending a long slope
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 2201/14 Electronic locking-differential
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 2210/16 Off-road driving conditions
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 8/175 Brake regulation specially adapted to prevent excessive wheel spin during vehicle acceleration, e.g. for traction control safety devices for propulsion unit control responsive to, or preventing, skidding of wheels B60K28/16
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 8/4809 Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/14 Central differentials for dividing torque between front and rear axles
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/16 Axle differentials, e.g. for dividing torque between left and right wheels
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/184 with wheel brakes
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2300/17 Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/0233 of torque converter lock-up clutch
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2520/263 Slip values between front and rear axle
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2520/266 Slip values between left and right wheel
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2520/28 Wheel speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2720/403 between front and rear axle
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2720/406 between left and right wheel
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/18172 Preventing, or responsive to skidding of wheels

Abstract

A traction control device includes: rotation speed detectors provided to wheels; a control-start determiner that determines whether or not to control a braking mechanism and a differential adjusting mechanism based on rotation speeds; a braking mechanism controller that controls the braking mechanism based on a result of the determination of the control-start determiner; and a differential adjusting mechanism controller that controls the differential adjusting mechanism based on the result of the determination of the control-start determiner, in which the control-start determiner includes: a right-left-wheel rotation speed difference calculating section; a front-rear-wheel rotation speed difference calculating section; and a control-start determining section that determines whether or not to start controlling at least one of the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism when one of rotation speed differences reaches or exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Claims

1. A traction control device of a construction machine comprising a braking mechanism provided to each of wheels and a differential adjusting mechanism for adjusting a differential between front and rear wheels, the traction control device controlling the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism, the traction control device comprising:

a rotation speed detector that detects a rotation speed of each of the wheels;

a control-start determiner that determines whether or not to control the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism based on the detected rotation speed of each of the wheels;

a braking mechanism controller that controls the braking mechanism based on a result of the determination of the control-start determiner; and

a differential adjusting mechanism controller that controls the differential adjusting mechanism based on the result of the determination of the control-start determiner, wherein

the control-start determiner comprises;

a right-left-wheel rotation speed difference calculating section that calculates a rotation speed difference between right and left wheels;

a front-rear-wheel rotation speed difference calculating section that calculates a rotation speed difference between the front and rear wheels; and

a control-start determining section that determines whether or not to start controlling the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism when at least one of the rotation speed differences between the right and left wheels and between the front and rear wheels reaches or exceeds a pre-stored predetermined threshold, wherein

the control-start determining section determines to start controlling the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism when the rotation speed difference between the right and left wheels reaches or exceeds the right-left-wheel threshold, and determines to start controlling the differential adjusting mechanism when the rotation speed difference between the front and rear wheels reaches or exceeds the front-rear-wheel threshold.

2. The traction control device according to claim 1, wherein the control-start determiner further includes a right-left-wheel rotation speed ratio calculating section that calculates a rotation speed ratio between the right and left wheels by using an equation (1) shown below, and

the control-start determining section determines to start controlling the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism when the rotation speed ratio between the right and left wheels reaches or exceeds a pre-stored predetermined threshold,

wherein the equation (1) is:

ω

ee=|(ω

l−

ω

r)/(ω

l+ω

r)|

where ω

ee is the rotation speed ratio, ω

l is a rotation speed of the left wheel, and ω

r is a rotation speed of the right wheel.

3. The traction control device according to claim 1, wherein

the construction machine is an articulated construction machine having separate front and rear vehicle body frames, and

the predetermined right-left-wheel threshold is changed in accordance with an articulate angle between the front and rear vehicle body frames.

4. The traction control device according to claim 1, further comprising

a vehicle speed acquirer that acquires a vehicle speed of the construction machine, wherein

the braking mechanism controller further includes:

a slip ratio calculating section that calculates a slip ratio of any one of the wheels based on the rotation speed of the wheel detected by the rotation speed detector and the vehicle speed acquired by the vehicle speed acquirer; and

a braking mechanism controlling section that controls the braking mechanism so that the calculated slip ratio becomes a preset target slip ratio.

5. The traction control device according to claim 4, wherein

the construction machine is an articulated construction machine having separate front and rear vehicle body frames, and

the target slip ratio is changed in accordance with the articulate angle between the front and rear vehicle body frames.

6. The traction control device according to claim 1, wherein

the braking mechanism controller calculates a control amount applied to the braking mechanism based on a sliding mode control law.

7. The traction control device according to claim 1, wherein

the differential adjusting mechanism controller continues controlling the differential adjusting mechanism while a predetermined time after the control of the braking mechanism is terminated, and terminates the control of the differential adjusting mechanism after elapse of the predetermined time.

8. The traction control device according to claim 1, wherein

a solenoid proportional control valve is provided to each of the wheels, the solenoid proportional control valve being controlled by the braking mechanism controller, the solenoid proportional control valve adjusting a braking force to the wheel.

9. The traction control device according to claim 2, wherein

the construction machine is an articulated construction machine having separate front and rear vehicle body frames, and

the predetermined right-left-wheel threshold is changed in accordance with an articulate angle between the front and rear vehicle body frames.

10. The traction control device according to claim 2, further comprising

a vehicle speed acquirer that acquires a vehicle speed of the construction machine, wherein

the braking mechanism controller further includes:

a slip ratio calculating section that calculates a slip ratio of any one of the wheels based on the rotation speed of the wheel detected by the rotation speed detector and the vehicle speed acquired by the vehicle speed acquirer; and

a braking mechanism controlling section that controls the braking mechanism so that the calculated slip ratio becomes a preset target slip ratio.

11. The traction control device according to claim 3, further comprising

a vehicle speed acquirer that acquires a vehicle speed of the construction machine, wherein

the braking mechanism controller further includes:

a slip ratio calculating section that calculates a slip ratio of any one of the wheels based on the rotation speed of the wheel detected by the rotation speed detector and the vehicle speed acquired by the vehicle speed acquirer; and

a braking mechanism controlling section that controls the braking mechanism so that the calculated slip ratio becomes a preset target slip ratio.

12. The traction control device according to claim 2, wherein

the braking mechanism controller calculates a control amount applied to the braking mechanism based on a sliding mode control law.

13. The traction control device according to claim 3, wherein

the braking mechanism controller calculates a control amount applied to the braking mechanism based on a sliding mode control law.

14. The traction control device according to claim 4, wherein

the braking mechanism controller calculates a control amount applied to the braking mechanism based on a sliding mode control law.

15. The traction control device according to claim 5, wherein

the braking mechanism controller calculates a control amount applied to the braking mechanism based on a sliding mode control law.

16. The traction control device according to claim 2, wherein

the differential adjusting mechanism controller continues controlling the differential adjusting mechanism while a predetermined time after the control of the braking mechanism is terminated, and terminates the control of the differential adjusting mechanism after elapse of the predetermined time.

17. The traction control device according to claim 3, wherein

the differential adjusting mechanism controller continues controlling the differential adjusting mechanism while a predetermined time after the control of the braking mechanism is terminated, and terminates the control of the differential adjusting mechanism after elapse of the predetermined time.

18. The traction control device according to claim 4, wherein

the differential adjusting mechanism controller continues controlling the differential adjusting mechanism while a predetermined time after the control of the braking mechanism is terminated, and terminates the control of the differential adjusting mechanism after elapse of the predetermined time.

19. The traction control device according to claim 5, wherein

the differential adjusting mechanism controller continues controlling the differential adjusting mechanism while a predetermined time after the control of the braking mechanism is terminated, and terminates the control of the differential adjusting mechanism after elapse of the predetermined time.

20. The traction control device according to claim 6, wherein

the differential adjusting mechanism controller continues controlling the differential adjusting mechanism while a predetermined time after the control of the braking mechanism is terminated, and terminates the control of the differential adjusting mechanism after elapse of the predetermined time.

21. The traction control device according to claim 2, wherein

a solenoid proportional control valve is provided to each of the wheels, the solenoid proportional control valve being controlled by the braking mechanism controller, the solenoid proportional control valve adjusting a braking force to the wheel.

22. The traction control device according to claim 3, wherein

a solenoid proportional control valve is provided to each of the wheels, the solenoid proportional control valve being controlled by the braking mechanism controller, the solenoid proportional control valve adjusting a braking force to the wheel.

23. The traction control device according to claim 4, wherein

a solenoid proportional control valve is provided to each of the wheels, the solenoid proportional control valve being controlled by the braking mechanism controller, the solenoid proportional control valve adjusting a braking force to the wheel.

24. The traction control device according to claim 5, wherein

a solenoid proportional control valve is provided to each of the wheels, the solenoid proportional control valve being controlled by the braking mechanism controller, the solenoid proportional control valve adjusting a braking force to the wheel.

25. The traction control device according to claim 6, wherein

a solenoid proportional control valve is provided to each of the wheels, the solenoid proportional control valve being controlled by the braking mechanism controller, the solenoid proportional control valve adjusting a braking force to the wheel.

26. The traction control device according to claim 7, wherein

a solenoid proportional control valve is provided to each of the wheels, the solenoid proportional control valve being controlled by the braking mechanism controller, the solenoid proportional control valve adjusting a braking force to the wheel.

27. A traction control device of a construction machine comprising a braking mechanism provided to each of wheels and a differential adjusting mechanism for adjusting a differential between front and rear wheels, the traction control device controlling the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism, the traction control device comprising:

a rotation speed detector that detects a rotation speed of each of the wheels;

a control-start determiner that determines whether or not to control the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism based on the detected rotation speed of each of the wheels;

a braking mechanism controller that controls the braking mechanism based on a result of the determination of the control-start determiner; and

a differential adjusting mechanism controller that controls the differential adjusting mechanism based on the result of the determination of the control-start determiner, wherein

the control-start determiner comprises;

a right-left-wheel rotation speed difference calculating section that calculates a rotation speed difference between right and left wheels;

a front-rear-wheel rotation speed difference calculating section that calculates a rotation speed difference between the front and rear wheels; and

a control-start determining section that determines whether or not to start controlling the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism when at least one of the rotation speed differences between the right and left wheels and between the front and rear wheels reaches or exceeds a pre-stored predetermined threshold, wherein

the control-start determining section is configured to make a determination between starting control of the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism based on the presence or absence of a lockup condition of a transmission and not starting control of the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism based on the presence or absence of the lockup condition of the transmission.

28. The traction control device according to claim 27, wherein the control-start determiner further includes a right-left-wheel rotation speed ratio calculating section that calculates a rotation speed ratio between the right and left wheels by using an equation (1) shown below, and

the control-start determining section determines to start controlling the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism when the rotation speed ratio between the right and left wheels reaches or exceeds a pre-stored predetermined threshold,

wherein the equation (1) is:

ω

ee=|(ω

l−

ω

r)/(ω

l+ω

r)|

where ω

ee is the rotation speed ratio, ω

l is a rotation speed of the left wheel, and ω

r is a rotation speed of the right wheel.

29. The traction control device according to claim 27, wherein

the construction machine is an articulated construction machine having separate front and rear vehicle body frames, and

the predetermined right-left-wheel threshold is changed in accordance with an articulate angle between the front and rear vehicle body frames.

30. The traction control device according to claim 27, further comprising

a vehicle speed acquirer that acquires a vehicle speed of the construction machine, wherein

the braking mechanism controller further includes:

a slip ratio calculating section that calculates a slip ratio of any one of the wheels based on the rotation speed of the wheel detected by the rotation speed detector and the vehicle speed acquired by the vehicle speed acquirer; and

a braking mechanism controlling section that controls the braking mechanism so that the calculated slip ratio becomes a preset target slip ratio.

31. The traction control device according to claim 27, wherein

the braking mechanism controller calculates a control amount applied to the braking mechanism based on a sliding mode control law.

32. The traction control device according to claim 27, wherein

the differential adjusting mechanism controller continues controlling the differential adjusting mechanism while a predetermined time after the control of the braking mechanism is terminated, and terminates the control of the differential adjusting mechanism after elapse of the predetermined time.

33. The traction control device according to claim 27, wherein

a solenoid proportional control valve is provided to each of the wheels, the solenoid proportional control valve being controlled by the braking mechanism controller, the solenoid proportional control valve adjusting a braking force to the wheel.

34. The traction control device according to claim 27, further comprising a transmission controller configured to perform lockup control on the transmission.

35. The traction control device according to claim 34, wherein the lockup condition of the transmission is transmitted by the transmission controller.

36. A traction control device of a construction machine comprising a braking mechanism provided to each of wheels and a differential adjusting mechanism for adjusting a differential between front and rear wheels, the traction control device controlling the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism, the traction control device comprising:

a rotation speed detector that detects a rotation speed of each of the wheels;

a control-start determiner that determines whether or not to control the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism based on the detected rotation speed of each of the wheels;

a braking mechanism controller that controls the braking mechanism based on a result of the determination of the control-start determiner; and

a differential adjusting mechanism controller that controls the differential adjusting mechanism based on the result of the determination of the control-start determiner, wherein

the control-start determiner comprises;

a right-left-wheel rotation speed difference calculating section that calculates a rotation speed difference between right and left wheels;

a front-rear-wheel rotation speed difference calculating section that calculates a rotation speed difference between the front and rear wheels; and

means for determining whether or not to start controlling the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism when at least one of the rotation speed differences between the right and left wheels and between the front and rear wheels reaches or exceeds a pre-stored predetermined threshold, wherein

the means for determining whether or not to start controlling the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism determines to start controlling the braking mechanism and the differential adjusting mechanism when the rotation speed difference between the right and left wheels reaches or exceeds the right-left-wheel threshold, and determines to start controlling the differential adjusting mechanism when the rotation speed difference between the front and rear wheels reaches or exceeds the front-rear-wheel threshold.