Methods and systems for chemical ablation

• US 8,734,406 B2
• Filed: 11/23/2010
• Issued: 05/27/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 11/24/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Regents of The University of Minnesota (University of Minnesota)
• Original Assignee: Regents of The University of Minnesota (University of Minnesota)
• Inventors: Cressman, Erik N. K.
• Primary Examiner(s): STIGELL, THEODORE J
• Application Number:
  US13/511,852
• Publication Number:
  US 20120253192A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,281 Days
• Field of Search: 604/257, 604506-507, 604/113, 600/431, 606/27
• US Class Current: 604/257
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/06 caused by chemical reaction , e.g. moxaburners
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/066 one of the reactants being oxygen not from the air
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3904 specially adapted for marking specified tissue
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2505/05 Surgical care
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/39 Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/007 Side holes, e.g. their profiles or arrangements; Provisions to keep side holes unblocked
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 39/0247 Semi-permanent or permanent transcutaneous or percutaneous access sites to the inside of the body peritoneal dialysis catheters A61M1/285; tracheostomy devices A61M16/0465; measuring pressure within the body A61B5/03; colostomy devices A61F5/445; gastrotomy feeding tubes A61J15/0015; means for fixing a feeding tube outside of the body A61J15/0053
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/007 for contrast media
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/162 Needle sets, i.e. connections by puncture between reservoir and tube ; Connections between reservoir and tube in jet-action syringes A61M5/30; connectors for tubes having sealed ends and a needle for piercing them A61M39/14

Abstract

Thermochemical ablation techniques may provide ablation of bodily tissue using chemical reaction energy.

Claims

1. A chemical ablation system, comprising:

a percutaneous fluid delivery cannula comprising a lumen extending from a proximal-most opening to a distal portion, the distal portion comprising a port in fluid communication with the lumen; and

a reservoir defining an internal chamber containing a mixture of denaturing reagents, wherein a fluid output of the internal chamber of the reservoir is connected to the proximal-most opening of the lumen and in fluid communication with the lumen of the percutaneous fluid delivery cannula such that the denaturing reagents are contemporaneously deliverable through the proximal-most opening of the lumen and out of the port so as to denature components of cells present at the targeted site to locally ablate bodily tissue proximate the distal portion of the percutaneous fluid delivery cannula.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the combination of reagents comprises urea and ethanol.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the urea has a concentration of about 0.2 M to about 2 M.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein the urea has a concentration of about 0.25 M to about 0.5 M.

5. The system of claim 2, wherein the ethanol is about 0.5% to about 3% ethanol.

6. The system of claim 2, wherein the ethanol is about 1% to about 2% ethanol.

7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a real-time imaging system that monitors the distal portion of the percutaneous fluid delivery cannula and the delivery of the reagent.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the percutaneous fluid delivery cannula comprises a generally rigid injection needle.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the injection needle comprises an outside diameter of about 0.134 inches or less.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the percutaneous fluid delivery cannula comprises a flexible catheter.

11. A method for chemical ablation of targeted tissue, comprising:

delivering two or more denaturants through a proximal-most opening of a lumen of a single-chamber percutaneous injection needle to a targeted tissue site while a distal tip portion of the single-chamber percutaneous injection needle is positioned at the targeted tissue.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising connecting the proximal-most opening of the lumen of the single-chamber percutaneous injection needle to a reservoir containing a combination of said two or more denaturants, wherein the denaturants are delivered simultaneously from an internal space of the reservoir through the proximal-most opening of the lumen of the single-chamber percutaneous injection needle and out from one or more side ports at the distal tip portion of the single-chamber percutaneous injection needle.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein said delivering comprises sequentially delivering said two or more denaturants through the proximal-most opening of the lumen of the single-chamber percutaneous injection needle and out from one or more side ports at the distal tip portion of the single-chamber percutaneous injection needle, a first denaturant of said two or more denaturants being delivered from an interior space of a first reservoir and through the proximal-most opening of the lumen, and a second denaturant of said two or more denaturants being delivered from an interior space of a second reservoir that is different from the first reservoir and through the proximal-most opening of the lumen, wherein the first and second denaturants are delivered from one or more side ports of the injection needle.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the denaturants comprise urea and ethanol.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the urea has a concentration of about 0.2 M to about 2 M.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein the urea has a concentration of about 0.25 M to about 0.5 M.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein the ethanol is about 0.5% to about 3% ethanol.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein the ethanol is about 1% to about 2% ethanol.

19. The method of claim 11, wherein the denaturants further comprise a diagnostic group usable for imaging or tracing purposes.

20. The method of claim 11, wherein the denaturants comprise one or more diagnostic leaving groups usable for imaging or tracing purposes.