Chemistry used in biosensors

• US 8,734,631 B2
• Filed: 10/17/2008
• Issued: 05/27/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 10/17/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Ohmx Corporation
• Original Assignee: Ohmx Corporation
• Inventors: Ahrens, Michael, Bertin, Paul A., Eckermann, Amanda, Georganopoulou, Dimitra, Gray, Harry B., Meade, Thomas J., Wunder, Markus Franz
• Primary Examiner(s): Shen, Bin
• Application Number:
  US12/253,875
• Publication Number:
  US 20090253149A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,048 Days
• Field of Search: 205/67
• US Class Current: 205/67
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/003 Functionalisation
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/37 involving peptidase or proteinase
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/485 involving kinase
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/30 Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells G01N27/414 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49117 Conductor or circuit manufacturing

Abstract

The invention relates to novel compositions and methods for the detection of analytes using the nuclear reorganization energy, λ, of an electron transfer process.

Claims

1. A composition comprising an electrode comprising:

a) a capture ligand comprising a first functional group;

b) a first SAM forming species comprising a second functional group; and

c) a second SAM forming species comprising an electroactive complex (EAM), said EAM selected from the group consisting of;

(1) a transition metal complex comprising osmium, a bipyridine ligand, and four cyano ligands; and

(2) a transition metal complex comprising osmium, a pyridine ligand, and five cyano ligands, and

wherein the second functional group is functional to form a covalent bond to the first functional group of the capture ligand.

3. The composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein the second functional group is a maleimide group.

4. The composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein said EAM comprises osmium tetracyano bipyridine.

5. The composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein said EAM comprises osmium pentacyano pyridine.

6. The composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein the bipyridine is attached to both the electrode and the capture ligand.

7. The composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein the pyridine is attached to the electrode.

8. The composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein said electrode is gold and said SAM forming species are covalently attached to said electrode via a sulfur atom.

9. The composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein said electrode is gold and said SAM forming species are covalently attached to said electrode via two sulfur atoms.

10. A composition comprising an array of electrodes, wherein at least one electrode of said array comprises the composition of claim 1 or 2.

11. The composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein said second functional group is chosen from the group consisting of maleimide, imidoester, N-hydroxysuccinimidyl, alkyl halide, aryl halide, alpha-haloacyl, and pyridyl disulfide.

2. A composition comprising an electrode comprising:

a) a capture ligand comprising a first functional group;

b) a first SAM forming species comprising both a second functional group and an electroactive complex (EAM) , wherein

said EAM comprises a osmium, a bipyridine ligand, and four cyano ligands; and

said second functional group is functional to form a covalent bond to the first functional group of the capture ligand;

and

c) a second SAM forming species comprising a passivation agent.

12. The composition of claim 2, wherein the passivation agent is an insulator.

13. A composition comprising an electrode comprising:

a) a capture ligand comprising a protein and a first functional group comprising cysteine; and

b) a first SAM forming species comprising a second functional group wherein said second functional group is a maleimide group functional to form a covalent bond to the first functional group of the capture ligand;

and

c) a second SAM forming species comprising an electroactive complex (EAM), said EAM selected from the group consisting of;

(1) a transition metal complex comprising osmium, a bipyridine ligand, and four cyano ligands; and

(2) a transition metal complex comprising osmium, a pyridine ligand, and five cyano ligands.

15. The composition of claim 13 or 14, wherein the EAM comprises osmium tetracyano bipyridine.

16. The composition of claim 13, wherein the EAM comprises osmium pentacyano pyridine.

17. The composition of claim 13 or 14, wherein the protein is a peptide.

18. The composition of claim 13 or 14, wherein the bipyridine is attached to both the electrode and the capture ligand.

19. The composition of claim 13, wherein the pyridine is attached to the electrode.

14. A composition comprising an electrode comprising:

a) a capture ligand comprising a protein and a first functional group comprising cysteine; and

b) a first SAM forming species comprising both a second functional group and an electroactive complex (EAM) wherein the EAM comprises osmium, a bipyridine ligand, and four cyano ligands, and, wherein

said second functional group is a maleimide group functional to form a covalent bond to the first functional group of the capture ligand; and

said EAM comprises a transition metal and at least one cyano ligand, wherein the transition metal is chosen from the group consisting of ruthenium and osmium;

and

c) a second SAM forming species comprising a passivation agent.