Methods for removing contaminants from exhaust gases

• US 8,734,741 B1
• Filed: 04/25/2013
• Issued: 05/27/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 04/30/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Messer Industries USA, Inc. (Messer SE &Company KGaA)
• Original Assignee: Linde AG (Linde Plc)
• Inventors: Suchak, Naresh J.
• Primary Examiner(s): VANOY, TIMOTHY C
• Application Number:
  US13/870,366
• Publication Number:
  US 20140140913A1
• Time in Patent Office: 397 Days
• Field of Search: 423/210, 423/235, 423/243.01, 423/243.08, 423/215.5
• US Class Current: 423/210
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2251/104 Ozone
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/1035 Sea water
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/302 Sulfur oxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/404 Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/60 Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2258/0283 Flue gases
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/40 Acidic components B01D53/44 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/507 by treating the gases with other liquids
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/56 Nitrogen oxides B01D53/60 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/64 Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/75 Multi-step processes

Abstract

A method for removing contaminants from a gas stream by feeding the gas stream into a scrubber that can use seawater as the scrubbing medium. The gas stream is first scrubbed with the seawater and then mixed with ozone to remove the contaminants. Nitrogen oxides that are present in the gas stream are converted to nitric acid/nitrates and these are recovered via condensate or coalesced mist for neutralization. The treated gas stream is then exhausted to the atmosphere.

Claims

1. A method for removing contaminants from a gas stream comprising the steps of:

a) feeding the gas stream containing contaminants into a scrubber;

b) contacting the gas stream containing contaminants with a scrubbing medium comprising seawater;

c) contacting the gas stream containing contaminants with ozone; and

d) recovering a gas stream free of contaminants.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said gas stream is a flue gas from combustion and chemical processes.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the contaminants are selected from the group consisting of particulates, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, acid gases and heavy metals.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the contaminants react with the ozone.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the scrubber is selected from the group consisting of spray type, venturi type, rod, packed bed and plate column.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein ozone is mixed with the flue gas stream for a sufficient time for the contaminants to be oxidized.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the ozone is fed in an amount of greater stoichiometry than the amount of nitrogen oxides present in the gas stream.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the gas stream containing oxidized nitrogen oxides contacts a droplet separator.

9. The method as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a device selected from the group consisting of a cooling coil, mist eliminator and electro static precipitator being present in the scrubber.

10. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the seawater is fed into the scrubber through one or more distributors.

11. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein there is sufficient time for contact between the ozone and the gas stream.

12. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein nitrates and nitric acid are produced by contacting the gas stream containing contaminants and ozone.

13. The method as claimed in claim 12 wherein the nitrates and nitric acid are recovered and reused or disposed of.

14. The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the seawater is used on a once through basis or is recycled.

15. A method for removing contaminants from a gas stream comprising the steps of:

a) feeding the gas stream containing contaminants into a scrubber;

b) contacting the gas stream containing contaminants with a scrubbing medium comprising seawater;

c) feeding the gas stream containing contaminants to a droplet separator in fluid communication with the scrubber;

d) contacting the gas stream containing contaminants with ozone; and

e) recovering a gas stream free of contaminants.

16. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein said gas stream is a flue gas from combustion and chemical processes.

17. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein the contaminants are selected from the group consisting of particulates, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, acid gases and heavy metals.

18. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein the contaminants react with the ozone.

19. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein the scrubber is selected from the group consisting of spray type, venturi type, rod, packed bed and plate column.

20. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein ozone is mixed with the flue gas stream for a sufficient time for the contaminants to be oxidized.

21. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein the ozone is fed in an amount of greater stoichiometry than the amount of nitrogen oxides present in the gas stream.

22. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein the gas stream containing oxidized nitrogen oxides contacts a droplet separator.

23. The method as claimed in claim 15 further comprising a device selected from the group consisting of a cooling coil, mist eliminator and electro static precipitator being present in the scrubber.

24. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein the seawater is fed into the scrubber through one or more distributors.

25. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein there is sufficient time for contact between the ozone and the gas stream.

26. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein the seawater is used on a once through basis or is recycled.

27. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein the ozone is injected into the droplet separator.

28. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein nitrates and nitric acid are produced by contacting the gas stream containing contaminants and ozone.