Current driver with output current clamping

• US 8,736,316 B2
• Filed: 10/12/2012
• Issued: 05/27/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 10/12/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Allegro Microsystems Incorporated (Sanken Electric Company Limited)
• Original Assignee: Allegro Microsystems Incorporated (Sanken Electric Company Limited)
• Inventors: Chaware, Virag V., Ward, Michael G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Donovan, Lincoln
• Assistant Examiner(s): SKIBINSKI, THOMAS S
• Application Number:
  US13/650,714
• Publication Number:
  US 20140103963A1
• Time in Patent Office: 592 Days
• Field of Search: 327108-112, 327/180, 327/309, 327/312, 327/316, 327/321, 327/427, 327/77, 327/85, 327/87, 327/80, 327/81, 327/84, 327/530, 327/587, 327/588, 326/82, 326/83
• US Class Current: 327/108
• CPC Class Codes: G05F 1/573 with overcurrent detector
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 3/00 Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits H03K4/00 takes precedence; for digital function generators in computers G06F1/02

Abstract

In one aspect, a current driver, includes an operational amplifier that includes a first input port configured to receive a reference signal and a second input port configured to receive a variable signal. The variable signal is a function of an output current of the current driver. The reference signal corresponds to a selected maximum output current of the current driver. The current driver also includes a feedback transistor comprising a gate coupled to the output of the operational amplifier and a summing junction coupled to a drain of the feedback transistor and configured to receive a signal from the drain to enable clamping of the output current of the current driver to the maximum output current when the variable signal exceeds the reference signal. The summing junction is coupled to a set of transistors configured to provide the output current of the current driver.

Claims

1. A current driver, comprising:

an operational amplifier comprising a first input port configured to receive a reference signal and a second input port configured to receive a variable signal, the variable signal being a function of an output current of the current driver, the reference signal corresponding to a selected maximum output current of the current driver;

a feedback transistor comprising a gate coupled to the output of the operational amplifier; and

a summing junction coupled to a drain of the feedback transistor and configured to receive a signal from the drain to enable clamping of the output current of the current driver to the maximum output current when the variable signal exceeds the reference signal, the summing junction being coupled to a set of transistors configured to provide the output current of the current driver,

wherein at least one of the set of transistors is a mirror of another one of the set of transistors.

2. The circuit of claim 1, further comprising a resistor coupled between the summing junction and the set of transistors.

3. The circuit of claim 1 wherein each of the set of transistors is one of nMOSFETs or pMOSFETs.

4. The circuit of claim 1 wherein at least one of the set of transistors are part of an H-bridge circuit.

5. A current driver, comprising:

an operational amplifier comprising a first input port configured to receive a reference signal and a second input port configured to receive a variable signal, the variable signal being a function of an output current of the current driver, the reference signal corresponding to a selected maximum output current of the current driver;

a feedback transistor comprising a gate coupled to the output of the operational amplifier;

a summing junction coupled to a drain of the feedback transistor and configured to receive a signal from the drain to enable clamping of the output current of the current driver to the maximum output current when the variable signal exceeds the reference signal, the summing junction being coupled to a set of transistors configured to provide the output current of the current driver; and

an n-bit current digital-to-analog converter (DAC) coupled to the feedback transistor and configured to provide the reference voltage, wherein is n is an integer greater than zero.

6. The circuit of claim 5 wherein n is greater than or equal to three and less than or equal to nine.

7. The circuit of claim 6 wherein n is equal to five.

8. A current driver, comprising:

an operational amplifier comprising a first input port configured to receive a reference signal and a second input port configured to receive a variable signal, the variable signal being a function of an output current of the current driver, the reference signal corresponding to a selected maximum output current of the current driver;

a feedback transistor comprising a gate coupled to the output of the operational amplifier;

a summing junction coupled to a drain of the feedback transistor and configured to receive a signal from the drain to enable clamping of the output current of the current driver to the maximum output current when the variable signal exceeds the reference signal, the summing junction being coupled to a set of transistors configured to provide the output current of the current driver;

a transconductance amplifier configured to receive an input signal to the current driver; and

a current gain stage circuit comprising the summing junction and coupled to an output of the transconductance amplifier.

9. The circuit of claim 8, wherein the operational amplifier is a first operational amplifier and the feedback transistor is a first feedback transistor, and

further comprising:

a second operational amplifier comprising a first input coupled to the set of transistors; and

a second feedback transistor comprising a gate coupled to the output of the second operational amplifier, a drain coupled to an input of the first operational amplifier and a source coupled to the first input of the second operational amplifier.

10. The circuit of claim 9 wherein at least one of the first and second operational amplifiers is an operational transconductance amplifier.

11. A current driver, comprising:

an operational amplifier comprising a first input port configured to receive a reference signal and a second input port configured to receive a variable signal, the variable signal being a function of an output current of the current driver, the reference signal corresponding to a selected maximum output current of the current driver;

a feedback transistor comprising a gate coupled to the output of the operational amplifier; and

a summing junction coupled to a drain of the feedback transistor and configured to receive a signal from the drain to enable clamping of the output current of the current driver to the maximum output current when the variable signal exceeds the reference signal, the summing junction being coupled to a set of transistors configured to provide the output current of the current driver,

wherein the variable voltage corresponds to the output current of the current driver provided to a load.

12. The circuit of claim 11 wherein the variable voltage is proportional to the output current of the current driver provided to a load.

13. The circuit of claim 12 wherein the variable voltage is linearly proportional to the output current of the current driver provided to a load.

14. The circuit of claim 11 wherein the load is an actuator coil for a camera module.

15. The circuit of claim 14 wherein the camera module comprises autofocusing functionality.

16. A current driver, comprising:

an operational amplifier comprising a first input port configured to receive a reference signal and a second input port configured to receive a variable signal, the variable signal being a function of an output current of the current driver, the reference signal corresponding to a selected maximum output current of the current driver;

a feedback transistor comprising a gate coupled to the output of the operational amplifier;

a summing junction coupled to a drain of the feedback transistor and configured to receive a signal from the drain to enable clamping of the output current of the current driver to the maximum output current when the variable signal exceeds the reference signal, the summing junction being coupled to an H-Bridge circuit;

a damping resistor coupled between the summing junction and the H-bridge circuit;

the H-bridge circuit configured to provide the output current of the current driver and coupled to an actuator coil; and

a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) coupled to the feedback transistor and configured to provide the reference voltage.

17. The circuit of claim 16 wherein the variable voltage is proportional to the output current of the current driver provided to the actuator coil.

18. The circuit of claim 17, further comprising:

a transconductance amplifier configured to receive an input signal to the current driver; and

a current gain stage circuit comprising the summing junction and coupled to an output of the transconductance amplifier.

19. The circuit of claim 18, wherein the operational amplifier is a first operational amplifier and the feedback transistor is a first feedback transistor, and

further comprising:

a second operational amplifier comprising a first input coupled to the set of transistors; and

a second feedback transistor comprising a gate coupled to the output of the second operational amplifier, a drain coupled to an input of the first operational amplifier and a source coupled to the first input of the second operational amplifier.

20. A current driver, comprising:

a first operational amplifier comprising a first input port configured to receive a reference signal and a second input port configured to receive a variable signal, the variable signal being proportional to an output current of the current driver, the reference signal corresponding to a selected maximum output current of the current driver;

a first feedback transistor comprising a gate coupled to the output of the first operational amplifier;

a summing junction coupled to a drain of the first feedback transistor and configured to receive a signal from the drain to enable clamping of the output current of the current driver to the maximum output current when the variable signal exceeds the reference signal, the summing junction being coupled to an H-Bridge circuit;

a damping resistor coupled between the summing junction and the H-bridge circuit;

the H-bridge circuit configured to provide the output current of the current driver and coupled to an actuator coil of a camera module having autofocusing functionality;

a transconductance amplifier configured to receive an input signal to the current driver;

a current gain stage circuit comprising the summing junction and coupled to an output of the transconductance amplifier;

a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) coupled to the first feedback transistor and configured to provide the reference voltage;

a second operational amplifier comprising a first input coupled to the H-bridge circuit;

and

a second feedback transistor comprising a gate coupled to the output of the second operational amplifier, a drain coupled to an input of the first operational amplifier and a source coupled to the first input of the second operational amplifier.