Execution order management of multiple processes on a data processing system by assigning constrained resources to the processes based on resource requirements and business impacts

• US 8,745,628 B2
• Filed: 05/22/2008
• Issued: 06/03/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 10/18/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Buco, Melissa Jane, Chaar, Jarir Kamel, Chang, Rong Nickle, Hunt, Guerney Douglass Holloway, Luan, Laura Zaihua, Ward, Christopher
• Primary Examiner(s): Kawsar, Abdullah Al
• Assistant Examiner(s): Zhao, Bing
• Application Number:
  US12/125,375
• Publication Number:
  US 20080222645A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,203 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 718/104
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/41865 characterised by job scheduling, process planning, material flow
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/50 Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU]
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/5038 considering the execution order of a plurality of tasks, e.g. taking priority or time dependency constraints into consideration scheduling strategies G06F9/4881 and subgroups
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/505 considering the load
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/06 Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/06311 Scheduling, planning or task assignment for a person or group
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/06312 Adjustment or analysis of established resource schedule, e.g. resource or task levelling, or dynamic rescheduling
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/06375 Prediction of business process outcome or impact based on a proposed change

Abstract

Techniques are presented for managing execution of processes on a data processing system The data processing system comprises process instances that are each an execution of a corresponding process. Each process instance comprises activity instances. Business impacts are determined for the process instances, the activity instances, or both. Order of execution of the activity instances is managed by allocating resources to activity instances in order to achieve an objective defined in terms of the business impacts. In another embodiment, requests are received for the execution of the processes. For a given request, one or more of the operations of assigning, updating, aggregating, and weighting of first business impacts associated with the given request are performed to create second business impacts associated with the given request. Additionally, requests can be modified. Modification can include changing the process requested or process input as deemed appropriate, combining related requests into a single request, or both. Unmodified requests and any modified requests are managed.

Claims

1. A method for managing execution of processes on a data processing system, the data processing system comprising one or more process instances that are each an execution of a corresponding process, each process instance comprising multiple activity instances, the method comprising the steps of:

determining one or more business impacts for the one or more process instances, the multiple activity instances, or both the one or more process instances and the multiple activity instances;

weighting the one or more business impacts to create one or more weighted business impacts, wherein said weighting comprises determining a level of relative preference to each of the one or more business impacts based on (i) information derived from an organization managing the one or more process instances and the multiple activity instances that identifies (a) one or more types of requests to be preferentially weighted over other types of requests and (b) one or more customers to be preferentially weighted over other customers, and (ii) information derived from a database comprising one or more past executions of the one or more process instances and/or activity instances and corresponding business impacts associated therewith;

managing order of execution of the multiple activity instances by allocating resources to the multiple activity instances in an environment with insufficient resources to simultaneously perform all of the multiple activity instances in order to achieve an objective defined in terms of the one or more weighted business impacts, and wherein said management step is performed by one or more hardware devices;

receiving one or more requests for execution of one or more processes;

for a given one of the one or more requests, performing one or more of assigning, updating, and aggregating of one or more first business impacts associated with the given request to create one or more second business impacts associated with the given request, the given request for execution of a given process;

modifying a given request of the one or more requests to create a modified request, the modified request for execution of the given process or another process; and

wherein the step of managing further comprises the step of managing unmodified requests and any modified requests.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of performing further comprises the step of repeating the performing step, in a manner so as to improve cost and efficiency of execution of the one or more process instances, wherein the cost and efficiency is determined by one or more criteria set by an organization.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein:

the one or more process instances comprises a plurality of process instances; and

the data processing system comprises one or more Workflow Management Systems (WFMSs), each WFMS comprising at least one of the plurality of process instances.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein a given activity instance corresponds to an activity, the activity instance to be executed by an organization that controls a resource that is to perform the activity but wherein the organization does not control the data processing system.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein a given process in the data processing system ranges from simple task lists to complex task graphs.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein a given process in the data processing system can be fully automated or partially automated.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein:

the multiple activity instances and the relative order of execution of some of the multiple activity instances within a process instance are described by one or more workflow process models; and

the step of managing further comprises the step of managing order of execution of activity instances by allocating resources to activity instances in order to achieve the objective while satisfying one or more constraints of the one or more workflow process models as well as overrides from one or more resource managers.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein a given activity instance to be performed may require zero, one, or more resources.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein a given one of the one or more business impacts comprises one or more of a simple priority, a utility function, a step function, and a cost function over time.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the objective is defined by an objective function or a pointer to the objective function.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein a resource comprises but is not limited to one of the following:

a person, a software agent, hardware, a license, or a combination thereof.

12. A data processing system for managing execution of processes, the data processing system comprising:

a memory that stores computer-readable code, one or more process instances, and multiple activity instances, wherein the one or more process instances are each an execution of a corresponding process, each process instance comprising multiple activity instances; and

a processor operatively coupled to said memory, said processor configured to implement said computer-readable code, said computer-readable code configured to perform the steps of;

determining one or more business impacts for the one or more process instances, the multiple activity instances, or both the one or more process instances and the multiple activity instances;

weighting the one or more business impacts to create one or more weighted business impacts, wherein said weighting comprises determining a level of relative preference to each of the one or more business impacts based on (i) information derived from an organization managing the one or more process instances and the multiple activity instances that identifies (a) one or more types of requests to be preferentially weighted over other types of requests and (b) one or more customers to be preferentially weighted over other customers, and (ii) information derived from a database comprising one or more past executions of the one or more process instances and/or activity instances and corresponding business impacts associated therewith;

managing order of execution of the activity instances by allocating resources to activity instances in an environment with insufficient resources to simultaneously perform all activity instances in order to achieve an objective defined in terms of the one or more weighted business impacts;

receiving one or more requests for execution of one or more processes;

for a given one of the one or more requests, performing one or more of assigning, updating, and aggregating of one or more first business impacts associated with the given request to create one or more second business impacts associated with the given request, the given request for execution of a given process;

modifying a given request of the one or more requests to create a modified request, the modified request for execution of the given process or another process; and

wherein the step of managing further comprises the step of managing unmodified requests and any modified requests.

13. A method for managing requests for execution of one or more processes on a data processing system, the data processing system comprising one or more process instances that are each an execution of a corresponding process, each process instance comprising multiple activity instances, the method comprising the steps of:

determining one or more business impacts for the one or more process instances, the multiple activity instances, or both the one or more process instances and the multiple activity instances;

receiving one or more requests for the execution of the one or more processes;

for a given one of the one or more requests, weighting one or more first business impacts to create one or more weighted first business impacts and performing one or more of assigning, updating, and aggregating the one or more weighted first business impacts associated with the given request to create one or more second business impacts associated with the given request, the given request for execution of a given process, wherein said weighting comprises determining a level of relative preference to each of the one or more business impacts based on (i) information derived from an organization managing the one or more process instances and the multiple activity instances that identifies (a) one or more types of requests to be preferentially weighted over other types of requests and (b) one or more customers to be preferentially weighted over other customers, and (ii) information derived from a database comprising one or more past executions of the one or more process instances and/or activity instances and corresponding business impacts associated therewith;

modifying a given request of the one or more requests based on input from an entity associated with the given request to create a modified request, the modified request for execution of the given process or another process; and

managing unmodified requests and any modified requests in order to manage an order of execution of the activity instances across processes corresponding to the unmodified and modified requests in an environment with insufficient resources to simultaneously perform all activity instances in order to achieve an objective defined in terms of the one or more weighted business impacts, and wherein said management step is performed by one or more hardware devices.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein:

the data processing system further comprises one or more process instances that are each an execution of a corresponding process, each process instance comprising multiple activity instances; and

the step of managing further comprises the step of managing order of execution of the activity instances by allocating resources to activity instances in order to achieve an objective defined in terms of the one or more second business impacts.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein the method further comprises the step of determining, using one or more predetermined criteria, that a goal of the given process is the same as a goal of a first process corresponding to a first request of the one or more requests;

and the step of modifying further comprises the step of altering the given request to the modified request, the modified request for execution of the first process.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of performing further comprises the step of performing one or more of assigning, updating, aggregating, and weighting of one or more first business impacts associated with the given request to create the one or more second business impacts;

and the step of modifying further comprises the step of associating the one or more second business impacts with the modified request.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein:

the step of performing further comprises the step of performing one or more of assigning, updating, and aggregating the one or more weighted first business impacts associated with the given request to create one or more second business impacts associated with the given request, wherein the assigning operation assigns one or more default business impacts associated with the given request to create the one or more second business impacts.

18. The method of claim 13, wherein:

the method further comprises the steps of;

receiving the given request and at least one additional request of the one or more requests; and

determining, using one or more procedures, that the given request and the at least one additional request of the one or more requests are related; and

the step of modifying further comprises the step of combining the related requests into the modified request.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein a given one of the one or more procedures is defined by an organization.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein each of the given request and the at least another request each comprises a request for execution of the given process.

21. The method of claim 18, wherein:

the step of performing further comprises the step of performing one or more of assigning, updating, and aggregating the one or more weighted first business impacts associated with the given request and the at least one additional request to create one or more second business impacts associated with the given request; and

the step of combining the related requests further comprises the step of associating the one or more second business impacts with the modified request.

22. A data processing system for managing requests for execution of one or more processes, the system comprising:

a memory that stores computer-readable code, one or more process instances, and multiple activity instances, wherein the one or more process instances are each an execution of a corresponding process, each process instance comprising multiple activity instances; and

a processor operatively coupled to said memory, said processor configured to implement said computer-readable code, said computer-readable code configured to perform the steps of;

determining one or more business impacts for the one or more process instances, the multiple activity instances, or both the one or more process instances and the multiple activity instances;

receiving one or more requests for the execution of the one or more processes;

for a given one of the one or more requests, weighting one or more first business impacts to create one or more weighted first business impacts and performing one or more of assigning, updating, and aggregating the one or more weighted first business impacts associated with the given request to create one or more second business impacts associated with the given request, the given request for execution of a given process, wherein said weighting comprises determining a level of relative preference to each of the one or more business impacts based on (i) information derived from an organization managing the one or more process instances and the multiple activity instances that identifies (a) one or more types of requests to be preferentially weighted over other types of requests and (b) one or more customers to be preferentially weighted over other customers, and (ii) information derived from a database comprising one or more past executions of the one or more process instances and/or activity instances and corresponding business impacts associated therewith;

modifying a given request of the one or more requests based on input from an entity associated with the given request to create a modified request, the modified request for execution of the given process or another process; and

managing unmodified requests and any modified requests in order to manage an order of execution of the activity instances across processes corresponding to the unmodified and modified requests in an environment with insufficient resources to simultaneously perform all activity instances in order to achieve an objective defined in terms of the one or more weighted business impacts.