Multi power sourced electric vehicle

• US 8,749,334 B2
• Filed: 05/09/2008
• Issued: 06/10/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 05/10/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Auckland UniServices Limited (Auckland University)
• Original Assignee: Auckland UniServices Limited (Auckland University)
• Inventors: Boys, John Talbot, Covic, Grant Anthony
• Primary Examiner(s): NGUYEN, TUYEN T
• Application Number:
  US12/451,436
• Publication Number:
  US 20100109604A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,223 Days
• Field of Search: 336/84.R, 336/84.C, 336/200, 336/212, 336/232
• US Class Current: 336/84.C
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/16 by display
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/147 electro magnetic [EMI]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/11 DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/12 Inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/124 Detection or removal of foreign bodies
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/305 Communication interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/38 specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/51 Photovoltaic means
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/62 in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/63 in response to network capacity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 8/006 Converting flow of air into electric energy, e.g. by using wind turbines
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 27/36 Electric or magnetic shields or screens movable for varying inductance H01F21/10
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 27/363 made of electrically conductive material
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 38/14 Inductive couplings for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling H02J50/10
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 5/00 Coils superconducting coils H01F6/06; fixed inductances of the signal type H01F17/00
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/40 : using two or more transmitting or receiving devices H02J50/50 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/70 : involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 : involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0042 : characterised by the mechanical construction
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 : Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]

Abstract

An inductive power transfer (IPT) pad and system for the charging of electric and hybid electric vehicles. The batter of such a vehicle can be selectively coupled to a high power electrical supply for fast charging or a lower power electrical supply for charging using IPT. The batteries of the vehicles are used in a system to control the load demand in an electricity network through variations of the frequency of power supplied.

Claims

1. An inductive power transfer pad for transmitting wireless power to a wireless power receiver seperable form the inductive power transfer pad, the inductive power transfer pad comprising:

one or more ferromagnetic slabs in a first layer;

a coil having at least one turn of a conductor, the coil being arranged in a second layer substantially parallel to that of said ferromagnetic slabs; and

a shield member comprising a backplate defining a third layer, said backplate arranged to control said magnetic field generated by said coil.

2. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 1, wherein each ferromagnetic slab is arranged such that its length extends radially from a common point but spaced apart therefrom.

3. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 2, wherein the coil is positioned to wind around the common point such that it passes each slab at approximately a center of the length of each slab.

4. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

a subset of the ferromagnetic slabs extend radially from a common point but are spaced apart therefrom;

a further subset of the ferromagnetic slabs extend radially from a different common point but are spaced apart therefrom;

a still further subset of the ferromagnetic slabs are aligned perpendicularly to the direction of an imaginary straight line connecting the said common points, whereby the still further subset of ferromagnetic slabs are positioned equidistantly from the imaginary line but spaced equally along its length and equally on each side of the imaginary line.

5. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 1, wherein the backplate is substantially rigid.

6. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plane of the or each of the ferromagnetic slabs is located between the second plane and the plane of the coil.

7. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 1, wherein each ferromagnetic slab is spaced apart from the backplate by a thermally conductive and mechanically insulating material.

8. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 1, wherein the backplate is formed from a material which substantially inhibits the passage of magnetic flux therethrough.

9. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shield member forms a side wall around the pad.

10. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 9, wherein the side wall extends from the backplate and is integrally formed therewith.

11. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one or more ferromagnetic slabs comprise ferrite.

12. An inductive power transfer system comprising two inductive power transfer pads as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two inductive power transfer pads are used in combination, one of the pads being used as a pickup pad and the other pad as a charging pad.

13. The inductive power transfer pad of claim 1, wherein a magnetic dipole produced by said coil is generally perpendicular to said plane defined by said ferromagnetic slabs.

14. The inductive power transfer pad of claim 1, wherein said backplate is formed of metal.

15. The inductive power transfer pad of claim 14, wherein said backplate is formed of aluminum.

16. The inductive power transfer pad of claim 1, wherein said shield member further comprises a metal strip defining a barrier, wherein said backplate and said metal strip are arranged to control said magnetic field generated by said coil.

17. An inductive power transfer pad for transmitting wireless power to a wireless power receiver seperable from the inductive power transfer pad, the inductive power transfer pad comprising:

means for generating a magnetic field in a first layer;

means for controlling said magnetic field, said means for generating said magnetic field arranged in a second layer substantially parallel to that of said means for controlling said magnetic field; and

means for shielding against said magnetic field, said means for shielding further defining a third layer and arranged to control said magnetic field generated by said means for generating said magnetic field.

18. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 17, wherein said means for channeling said magnetic field comprises a plurality of magnetically permeable members.

19. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 18 wherein each magnetically permeable member is arranged such that it extends radially from a common point.

20. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 17, wherein the means for generating a magnetic field is positioned adjacent to one side of the means for channeling said magnetic field.

21. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 20 wherein said second plane is located on the other side of the means for channeling said magnetic field.

22. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 17, wherein the means for shielding against said magnetic field is substantially rigid.

23. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 17, wherein the plane of the means for channeling said magnetic field is located between the second plane and the plane of the means for generating said magnetic field.

24. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 17, wherein a thermally conductive means is provided between the means for channeling said magnetic field and the means for shielding against said magnetic field.

25. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 17 wherein a mechanically insulating means is provided between the means for channeling said magnetic field and the means for shielding against said magnetic field.

26. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 25 wherein the mechanically insulating means comprises a thermally conductive means.

27. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 17, wherein the means for shielding against said magnetic field comprises a material which substantially inhibits the passage of magnetic field therethrough.

28. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 17, wherein the means for shielding against said magnetic field comprises at least one side wall about the pad.

29. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 28 wherein the side wall is substantially perpendicular to the second plane.

30. The inductive power transfer pad as claimed in claim 17, wherein the means for channeling said magnetic field comprises one or more pieces of ferromagnetic material.

31. The inductive power transfer pad of claim 17 wherein a magnetic dipole produced by said field generating means is generally perpendicular to said plane of said means for channeling said magnetic field.

32. The inductive power transfer pad of claim 17 wherein said means for shielding against magnetic field is formed of metal.

33. The inductive power transfer pad of claim 32 wherein the metal comprises aluminium.

34. The inductive power transfer pad of claim 17 wherein the means for shielding against magnetic field further comprises a backplate and a metal strip, the metal strip defining a barrier, wherein said backplate and said metal strip are arranged to control said magnetic field.

35. An inductive power transfer system comprising two inductive power transfer pads as claimed in claim 17, wherein the two inductive power transfer pads are used in combination, one of the pads being used as a pickup pad and the other pad as a charging pad.