Method of designing a bottom hole assembly and a bottom hole assembly

• US 8,752,656 B2
• Filed: 12/17/2009
• Issued: 06/17/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 12/18/2008
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Smith International Incorporated (SLB)
• Original Assignee: Smith International Incorporated (SLB)
• Inventors: Zhang, Youhe, Shen, Yuelin, Cariveau, Peter T, Keshavan, Madapusi K
• Primary Examiner(s): HUTCHINS, CATHLEEN R
• Application Number:
  US12/640,227
• Publication Number:
  US 20100155149A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,643 Days
• Field of Search: 175/428, 175/420.2, 175/433, 175/434, 761/084
• US Class Current: 175/434
• CPC Class Codes: C22C 26/00 Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 10/36 Percussion drill bits with helical conveying portion E21B10/445; characterised by wear resisting parts E21B10/46
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 10/43 characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 10/55 with preformed cutting elements
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 10/567 with preformed cutting elements mounted on a distinct support, e.g. polycrystalline inserts

Abstract

A bottom hole assembly containing a drill bit. The drill bit additionally has a plurality of primary cutter elements mounted thereto. The plurality of cutter elements comprise one or more first cutter elements and one or more second cutter elements. The second cutter element differs from the first cutter element in at least one cutter element property. The first cutter element has a diamond body containing a first region comprising an infiltrant material disposed within the interstitial regions. The first region is located remote from the working surface of the diamond body. The first cutter element also contains a second region comprising interstitial regions that are substantially free of the infiltrant material. The second region is located along at least the working surface of the diamond body. Also included are a cutter element, method of designing a bottom hole assembly as well as method of designing a drill bit.

Claims

1. A method of designing a bottom hole assembly comprising a drill bit having a bit body and a plurality of cutter elements attached thereto, which method comprises:

selecting a design;

determining at least one or more properties of the drill bit; and

determining an arrangement for the plurality of cutter elements to be positioned upon the bit body;

wherein the plurality of cutter elements comprise at least one of a first cutter element and at least one of a second cutter element;

wherein the first cutter element is a thermally stable polycrystalline diamond cutter element containing a diamond body having a material microstructure comprising a matrix phase of bonded together diamond crystals formed at high pressure/high temperature conditions in the presence of a catalyst material, the diamond body having a working surface for contacting an earthen formation and including interstitial regions disposed between the diamond crystals, wherein the interstitial regions within the diamond body are substantially free of the catalyst material and the diamond body further comprises;

a first region comprising an infiltrant material disposed within a first plurality of the interstitial regions and remote from the working surface, and

a second region extending to the working surface and comprising a second plurality of the interstitial regions that are substantially free of the infiltrant material; and

wherein one or more areas of the drill bit have different properties relative to other areas of the drill bit;

wherein the second cutter element comprises a polycrystalline ultra hard material and differs from the first cutter element in at least one cutter element property; and

wherein the at least one first cutter element and the at least one second cutter element are positioned on the surface of the bit body based on the one or more drill bit properties and the cutter element properties.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more properties of the drill bit are selected from the group consisting of impact force, drilling load, and wear rate.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more cutter element properties are selected from the group consisting of wear resistance, impact resistance, thermal stability, coefficient of friction, hardness, fracture resistance, corrosion resistance, erosion resistance, and cutter element geometry.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the second cutter element contains a second diamond body having a material microstructure comprising a matrix phase of bonded together diamond crystals formed at high pressure/high temperature conditions in the presence of a catalyst material, the second diamond body having a surface and including interstitial regions disposed between the diamond crystals, wherein the catalyst material is disposed within the interstitial regions throughout the diamond body.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the second cutter element contains a second diamond body having a material microstructure comprising a matrix phase of bonded together diamond crystals formed at high pressure/high temperature conditions in the presence of a catalyst material, the second diamond body having a surface and including interstitial regions disposed between the diamond crystals, wherein the second diamond body comprises:

a first region comprising the catalyst material disposed within the interstitial regions remote from the surface, and

a second region comprising interstitial regions that are substantially free of the catalyst material.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the second diamond body second region extends to a depth of up to 0.25 mm from the second diamond body surface of the diamond body.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the second cutter element contains a second diamond body having a material microstructure comprising a matrix phase of bonded together diamond crystals formed at high pressure/high temperature conditions in the presence of a catalyst material, the second diamond body having a surface and including interstitial regions disposed between the diamond crystals which contain infiltrant material and/or replacement material and are substantially free of the catalyst material.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the second cutter element contains a second diamond body having a material microstructure comprising a matrix phase of bonded together diamond crystals formed at high pressure/high temperature conditions in the presence of a catalyst material, the second diamond body having a surface and including interstitial regions disposed between the diamond crystals which are substantially free of the catalyst material and the second diamond body comprises:

a first region comprising an infiltrant material disposed within the interstitial regions and remote from the surface; and

a second region comprising a replacement material disposed within the interstitial regions.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one second cutter element is a thermally stable polycrystalline diamond cutter element containing a second diamond body having a material microstructure comprising a matrix phase of bonded together diamond crystals formed at high pressure/high temperature conditions in the presence of a catalyst material, the second diamond body having a surface and including interstitial regions disposed between the diamond crystals, wherein the interstitial regions within the second diamond body are substantially free of the catalyst material and the second diamond body comprises:

a first region comprising an infiltrant material or replacement material disposed within the interstitial regions and remote from the surface, and

a second region comprising interstitial regions that are substantially free of the infiltrant material and replacement material.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the at least one first cutter element has a greater thermal stability and substantially the same impact resistance as the second cutter element and the first cutter element and the second cutter element have different compositions.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the at least one first cutter element has a greater thermal stability than the second cutter element.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the bit body has a bit face comprising a cone region, a shoulder region, and a gage region, wherein the at least one first cutter element is positioned within the shoulder region and the at least one second cutter element is positioned within the cone region.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the at least one second cutter element is positioned behind the at least one first cutter element on a blade in the shoulder region.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the bit body has a bit face comprising a cone region, a shoulder region, and a gage region, wherein at least one first cutter element is positioned within the cone region and at least one second cutter element is positioned within the cone region, wherein the at least one first cutter element in the cone region is positioned on a leading blade.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the bit body has a bit face comprising a cone region, a shoulder region, and a gage region, wherein at least one first cutter element is positioned within the shoulder region and at least one second cutter element is positioned within the cone region, shoulder region, or gage region.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein the bottom hole assembly further comprises a reaming section and at least one second cutter element positioned on the reaming section.

17. A bottom hole assembly designed by the method of claim 1.

18. A drill bit for drilling a borehole in earthen formations, the drill bit comprising:

a bit body having a bit axis and a bit face including a cone region, a shoulder region, and a gage region;

one or more primary blades extending radially along the bit face from the cone region through the shoulder region to the gage region;

a plurality of primary cutter elements mounted to one or more of the primary blades in the shoulder region which comprise a first cutter element;

a plurality of primary cutter elements mounted to one or more of the primary blades in the cone region which comprise a second cutter element;

wherein the first cutter element is a thermally stable polycrystalline diamond cutter element containing a diamond body having a material microstructure comprising a matrix phase of bonded together diamond crystals formed at high pressure/high temperature conditions in the presence of a catalyst material, the diamond body having a working surface for contacting an earthen formation and including interstitial regions disposed between the diamond crystals, wherein the interstitial regions within the diamond body are substantially free of the catalyst material and the diamond body comprises;

a first region comprising an infiltrant material disposed within a first plurality of the interstitial regions and remote from the working surface, and

a second region extending to the working surface and comprising a second plurality of the interstitial regions that are substantially free of the infiltrant material; and

wherein the second cutter element comprises a polycrystalline ultra hard material and differs from the first cutter element in at least one cutter element property.

19. The drill bit of claim 18, wherein the drill bit further comprises one or more secondary blades having primary cutter elements mounted thereon, and wherein a majority of the primary cutter elements in the shoulder region of one or more of the primary blades are first cutter elements.

20. The drill bit of claim 18, wherein the primary cutter elements in the shoulder region of all the primary blades consists essentially of first cutter elements.

21. The drill bit of claim 18, wherein the shoulder region of the primary blades further comprise a plurality of back-up cutter elements mounted to the blades;

wherein a majority of the back-up cutter elements comprise the first cutter elements.

22. The drill bit of claim 18, wherein the shoulder region of the primary blades further comprises a plurality of back-up cutter elements mounted to the blades;

wherein a majority of the back-up cutter elements comprise the second cutter elements.

23. The drill bit of claim 18, wherein the drill bit further comprises one or more secondary blades having primary cutter elements mounted thereon, and wherein a majority of the primary cutter elements in the shoulder region of one or more of the secondary blades are first cutter elements.

24. The drill bit of claim 23, wherein the shoulder region of the secondary blades further comprise a plurality of back-up cutter elements mounted to the blades;

wherein a majority of the back-up cutter elements comprise the first cutter elements.

25. The drill bit of claim 23, wherein the shoulder region of the secondary blades further comprises a plurality of back-up cutter elements mounted to the blades;

wherein the majority of the back-up cutter elements comprise the second cutter elements.

26. The drill bit of claim 18, wherein the second cutter element is a thermally stable polycrystalline diamond cutter element containing a second diamond body having a material microstructure comprising a matrix phase of bonded together diamond crystals formed at high pressure/high temperature conditions in the presence of a catalyst material, the second diamond body having a surface and including interstitial regions disposed between the diamond crystals, wherein the second diamond body comprises:

a first region comprising a catalyst material disposed within the interstitial regions and remote from the surface, and a second region comprising interstitial regions that are substantially free of the catalyst material.

27. The drill bit of claim 18, wherein the second cutter element is a polycrystalline diamond cutter element containing a second diamond body having a material microstructure comprising a matrix phase of bonded together diamond crystals formed at high pressure/high temperature conditions in the presence of a catalyst material, the second diamond body having a surface and including interstitial regions disposed between the diamond crystals, wherein the diamond body comprises catalyst material disposed within the interstitial regions throughout the second diamond body.

28. A drill bit for drilling a borehole in earthen formations, the drill bit comprising:

a bit body having a bit axis and a bit face including a cone region, a shoulder region, and a gage region;

one or more primary blades extending radially along the bit face from the cone region through the shoulder region to the gage region;

a plurality of primary cutter elements mounted to one or more of the primary blades in the shoulder region which comprise a first cutter element;

a plurality of primary cutter elements mounted to one or more of the primary blades in the cone region which comprise a second cutter element;

wherein the first cutter element is a thermally stable polycrystalline diamond cutter element containing a diamond body having a material microstructure comprising a matrix phase of bonded together diamond crystals formed at high pressure/high temperature conditions in the presence of a catalyst material, the diamond body having a working surface for contacting an earthen formation and including interstitial regions disposed between the diamond crystals, wherein the interstitial regions within the diamond body are substantially free of the catalyst material and the diamond body comprises;

a first region comprising an infiltrant material disposed within a first plurality of the interstitial regions and remote from the working surface, and

a second region extending to the working surface and comprising a second plurality of the interstitial regions that are substantially free of the infiltrant material, wherein the first cutter element has undergone two or more high pressure/high temperature processes; and

wherein the second cutter element comprises a polycrystalline ultra hard material and differs from the first cutter element in at least one cutter element property and has undergone only one high pressure/high temperature process to form the second cutter element.

29. A method of designing a drill bit having a bit body and a plurality of cutter elements attached thereto, which method comprises:

selecting a design;

determining at least one or more properties of the drill bit; and

determining an arrangement for the plurality of cutter elements to be positioned upon the bit body;

wherein the plurality of cutter elements comprise at least one of a first cutter element and at least one of a second cutter element;

wherein the first cutter element is a thermally stable polycrystalline diamond cutter element containing a diamond body having a material microstructure comprising a matrix phase of bonded together diamond crystals formed at high pressure/high temperature conditions in the presence of a catalyst material, the diamond body having a working surface for contacting and earthen formation and including interstitial regions disposed between the diamond crystals, wherein the interstitial regions within the diamond body are substantially free of the catalyst material and the diamond body further comprises;

a first region comprising an infiltrant material disposed within a first plurality of the interstitial regions and remote from the working surface, and

a second region extending to the working surface and comprising a second plurality of the interstitial regions that are substantially free of the infiltrant material; and

wherein one or more areas of the drill bit have different properties relative to other areas of the drill bit;

wherein the second cutter element comprises a polycrystalline ultra hard material and differs from the first cutter element in at least one cutter element property;

and

wherein the at least one first cutter element and the at least one second cutter element are positioned on the surface of the bit body based on the one or more drill bit properties and the cutter element properties.

30. A cutter element comprising a diamond body having a material microstructure comprising a matrix phase of bonded together diamond crystals formed at high pressure/high temperature conditions in the presence of a catalyst material, the diamond body having a working surface for contacting an earthen formation and including interstitial regions disposed between the diamond crystals which are substantially free of the catalyst material and the diamond body comprises:

a first region comprising an infiltrant material disposed within a first plurality of the interstitial regions and remote from the working surface; and

a second region comprising a replacement material disposed within a second plurality of the interstitial regions wherein the second region includes at least a portion of the working surface of the diamond body.