Charge perturbation detection method for DNA and other molecules
First Claim
1. A method for nucleic acid sequence detection, comprising:
- (a) providing a reaction medium including at least one template nucleic acid molecule with components for template polymerization by complimentary addition of one or more nucleotides to the at least one template nucleic acid molecule with a concomitant proton release;
(b) contacting the reaction medium with a polarizable electrode responsive to charge perturbations in the reaction medium;
(c) inducing changes in polarity of the polarizable electrode in response to surface charge perturbations in the polarizable electrode resulting from the concomitant proton release into the reaction medium contacting the polarizable electrode as template polymerization of the at least one template nucleic acid molecule occurs;
(d) generating current signals in the polarizable electrode in response to the changes in polarity induced in step (c) in the polarizable electrode, and amplifying the current signals with an amplifying circuit having an input connected to the polarizable electrode; and
(e) associating amplified current signals generated in step (d) with one or more corresponding nucleotides added to the at least one template nucleic acid to thereby discern at least a portion of the at least one template nucleic acid sequence.
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Abstract
Methods for direct detection of chemical reactions are provided. Electric charge perturbations of the local environment during enzyme-catalyzed reactions are sensed by an electrode system with an immobilized target molecule. The charge perturbation caused by the polymerase reaction can uniquely identify a DNA sequence. The polymerization process generates local perturbations of charge in the solution near the electrode surface and induces a charge in a polarazible gold electrode. This event is detected as a transient current by a voltage clamp amplifier. Detection of single nucleotides in a sequence can be determined by dispensing individual dNTPs to the electrode solution and detecting the charge perturbations. Alternatively, multiple bases can be determined at the same time using a mix of all dNTPs with subsequent analysis of the resulting signal. This technique may be adapted to other reaction determinations, such as enzymatic reactions, other electrode configurations, and other amplifying circuits.
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Citations
17 Claims
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1. A method for nucleic acid sequence detection, comprising:
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(a) providing a reaction medium including at least one template nucleic acid molecule with components for template polymerization by complimentary addition of one or more nucleotides to the at least one template nucleic acid molecule with a concomitant proton release; (b) contacting the reaction medium with a polarizable electrode responsive to charge perturbations in the reaction medium; (c) inducing changes in polarity of the polarizable electrode in response to surface charge perturbations in the polarizable electrode resulting from the concomitant proton release into the reaction medium contacting the polarizable electrode as template polymerization of the at least one template nucleic acid molecule occurs; (d) generating current signals in the polarizable electrode in response to the changes in polarity induced in step (c) in the polarizable electrode, and amplifying the current signals with an amplifying circuit having an input connected to the polarizable electrode; and (e) associating amplified current signals generated in step (d) with one or more corresponding nucleotides added to the at least one template nucleic acid to thereby discern at least a portion of the at least one template nucleic acid sequence. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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Specification