Wireless energy transfer over variable distances between resonators of substantially similar resonant frequencies
First Claim
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1. A system, comprising:
- a first resonator having a resonant frequency ω
1 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
1, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q1=ω
1/(2Γ
1), and configured to be coupled to an energy source; and
a second resonator having a resonant frequency ω
2 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
2, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q2=ω
2/(2Γ
2), located a variable distance D from the first resonator;
wherein the first resonator and the second resonator are configured to be resonantly coupled to provide near-field wireless energy transfer among the first resonator and the second resonator over the variable distance D when the first resonator is coupled to the energy source;
wherein the variable distance D is no more than ten times the characteristic size L2 of the second resonator and wherein the efficiency of the wireless energy transfer is at least 20%, andwherein Q1>
100 and Q2>
100.
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Abstract
Described herein are embodiments of a first resonator, with a resonant frequency f1, optionally coupled to an energy source; and a second resonator, with a resonant frequency f2, optionally coupled to an energy drain, located a variable distance from the first resonator. The first resonator and the second resonator may be coupled to provide near-field wireless energy transfer among the first resonator and the second resonator, and where f1 may be approximately equal to f2 and both f1 and f2 may be less than 400 MHz.
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Citations
34 Claims
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1. A system, comprising:
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a first resonator having a resonant frequency ω
1 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
1, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q1=ω
1/(2Γ
1), and configured to be coupled to an energy source; anda second resonator having a resonant frequency ω
2 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
2, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q2=ω
2/(2Γ
2), located a variable distance D from the first resonator;wherein the first resonator and the second resonator are configured to be resonantly coupled to provide near-field wireless energy transfer among the first resonator and the second resonator over the variable distance D when the first resonator is coupled to the energy source; wherein the variable distance D is no more than ten times the characteristic size L2 of the second resonator and wherein the efficiency of the wireless energy transfer is at least 20%, and wherein Q1>
100 and Q2>
100. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A method, comprising:
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providing a first resonator having a resonant frequency ω
1 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
1, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q1=ω
1/(2Γ
1), coupled to an energy source; andproviding a second resonator having a resonant frequency ω
2 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
2, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q2=ω
2/(2Γ
2), located a variable distance D from the first resonator;wherein the first resonator and the second resonator are resonantly coupled to provide near-field wireless energy transfer among the first resonator and the second resonator over the variable distance D; wherein the variable distance D is no more than ten times the characteristic size L2 of the second resonator and wherein the efficiency of the wireless energy transfer is at least 20%, and wherein Q1>
100 and Q2>
100. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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32. A system, comprising:
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a first resonator having a resonant frequency ω
1 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
1, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q1=ω
1/(2Γ
1), and configured to be coupled to an energy source; anda second resonator having a resonant frequency ω
2 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
2, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q2=ω
2/(2Γ
2), located a variable distance D from the first resonator;wherein the first resonator and the second resonator are configured to be coupled to provide near-field wireless energy transfer among the first resonator and the second resonator over the variable distance D when the first resonator is coupled to the energy source; wherein the variable distance D includes distances greater than the characteristic size L2 of the second resonator and wherein the efficiency of the wireless energy transfer is at least 20%, and wherein Q1>
100 and Q2>
100,further comprising the energy source configured to be coupled to the first resonator and an energy drain configured to be coupled to the second resonator to provide useful power to the energy drain, and wherein the energy source is configured to provide energy to the first resonator at a rate that varies with a rate of wireless energy transfer κ
between the first resonator and the second resonator. - View Dependent Claims (33, 34)
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Specification