Method for charging a plug-in electric vehicle

• US 8,760,115 B2
• Filed: 08/20/2009
• Issued: 06/24/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 08/20/2009
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Inventors: Kinser, Christopher A., St. John, Don K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Dunn, Drew A
• Assistant Examiner(s): PELTON, NATHANIEL R
• Application Number:
  US12/544,585
• Publication Number:
  US 20110043165A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,769 Days
• Field of Search: 320/109, 307/35, 307/32
• US Class Current: 320/109
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/003 to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/04 fed by the power supply line
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/30 AC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/34 Cabin temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/525 Temperature of converter or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/545 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/00 Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/51 Photovoltaic means
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/52 Wind-driven generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/57 Charging stations without connection to power networks
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/63 in response to network capacity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/20 having different nominal voltages
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/26 by cooling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007 Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/04 Regulation of charging current or voltage
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

A system and method for charging a plug-in electric vehicle with an external power source, even when the overall power requested by the plug-in electric vehicle exceeds the overall power available from the external power source. In an exemplary embodiment, a method determines the overall power requested by one or more vehicle systems, and then compares that to the overall available power from the external power source. If the overall requested power exceeds the overall available power, then the power from the external power source is allocated or apportioned to the different vehicle systems according to an allocation process that may consider factors like predetermined priorities and current vehicle conditions.

Claims

1. A method for charging a plug-in electric vehicle with an external power source, comprising the steps of:

(a) determining an overall available power that is available from the external power source, wherein the overall available power is determined by obtaining a current reading from a component that is directly or indirectly connected to the external power source and using the current reading in the determination of the overall available power;

(b) determining an overall requested power that is requested by a plurality of vehicle systems within the plug-in electric vehicle, wherein the plurality of vehicle systems are located within the same plug-in electric vehicle and include a high voltage battery unit and at least one thermal system; and

(c) determining if the overall requested power exceeds the overall available power, and if the overall requested power does exceed the overall available power then allocating the overall available power from the external power source to the plurality of vehicle systems according to an allocation process that considers a first weighted value influenced by one or more predetermined priorities and a second weighted value influenced by one or more current vehicle conditions, wherein the amount of power that is distributed to the high voltage battery unit and the at least one thermal system is impacted by both the first and second weighted values.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein step (a) further comprises determining the overall available power by obtaining a current reading and a voltage reading and multiplying the two readings together, wherein the current reading is obtained from a power coupling that connects the external power source to the plug-in electric vehicle.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein step (b) further comprises determining the overall requested power by obtaining an individual requested power from each of the plurality of vehicle systems and adding them together, wherein each individual requested power is sent in an electronic message from one of the plurality of vehicle systems to a battery charging control module.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein step (b) further comprises determining the overall requested power that is requested by a plurality of vehicle systems, wherein at least one of the vehicle systems is selected from the group consisting of:

a high voltage battery unit, a battery thermal system, a cabin thermal system, and an accessory power module (APM).

5. The method of claim 1, wherein if the overall requested power does not exceed the overall available power, then step (c) further comprises providing the plurality of vehicle systems with the power that they requested.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein if the overall requested power does exceed the overall available power, then step (c) further comprises determining an individual modified power for each of the plurality of vehicle systems, wherein the process for determining the individual modified power comprises the steps of:

(i) assigning a first weighted value to each of the plurality of vehicle systems, wherein the first weighted value is influenced by one or more predetermined priorities; and

(ii) assigning a second weighted value to each of the plurality of vehicle systems, wherein the second weighted value is influenced by one or more current vehicle conditions.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the process for determining the individual modified power for each of the plurality of vehicle systems further comprises multiplying the first and second weighted values together.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the one or more predetermined priorities are determined at a design and/or manufacturing phase and are stored in a battery charging control module.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein the one or more current vehicle conditions are determined by sensors within a battery charging system and are provided to a battery charging control module.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein if the overall requested power does exceed the overall available power, then step (c) further comprises allocating the overall available power from the external power source to the plurality of vehicle systems including a high voltage battery unit by using a costing process that apportions power between the plurality of vehicle systems including the high voltage battery unit based, at least partially, on a predetermined priority and a current condition of the high voltage battery unit.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein if the overall requested power does exceed the overall available power, then step (c) further comprises allocating the overall available power from the external power source to the plurality of vehicle systems including an accessory power module (APM), wherein the APM is allocated an amount of power that is equal to or greater than the amount of power the APM requested and each of the remaining vehicle systems is allocated an amount of power that is less than the amount of power each of the remaining vehicle systems requested.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein if the overall requested power does exceed the overall available power, then step (c) further comprises allocating the overall available power from the external power source to the plurality of vehicle systems using a passive allocation process where the overall available power is put onto a high voltage circuit within the plug-in electric vehicle so that each of the plurality of vehicle systems can passively draw its allocated amount of power as dictated by a control message received by each of the plurality of vehicle systems.

21. The method of claim 1, wherein if the overall requested power does exceed the overall available power, then step (c) further comprises allocating the overall available power from the external power source to the plurality of vehicle systems using an active allocation process where a battery charger actively distributes the allocated amounts of power to the plurality of vehicle systems as dictated by a control message received by the battery charger.

10. A method for charging a plug-in electric vehicle with an external power source, comprising the steps of:

(a) determining an overall available power that is available from the external power source;

(b) determining an overall requested power that is requested by a plurality of vehicle systems; and

(c) determining if the overall requested power exceeds the overall available power, and if the overall requested power does exceed the overall available power then allocating the overall available power from the external power source to the plurality of vehicle systems by a process that includes the steps of;

(i) determining an individual modified power for each of the plurality of vehicle systems;

(ii) adding together the individual modified powers for the plurality of vehicle systems to determine an overall modified power; and

(iii) using the individual modified power for each of the plurality of vehicle systems and the overall modified power to determine how much power each of the plurality of vehicle systems is to receive from the external power source.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein step (iii) further comprises dividing each of the individual modified powers by the overall modified power to determine a modified power portion for each of the plurality of vehicle systems, and multiplying each of the modified power portions by the overall available power to determine how much power each of the plurality of vehicle systems is to receive from the external power source.

12. A method for charging a plug-in electric vehicle with an external power source, comprising the steps of:

(a) determining an overall available power that is available from the external power source;

(b) determining an overall requested power that is requested by a plurality of vehicle systems within the plug-in electric vehicle, wherein the plurality of vehicle systems includes a high voltage battery unit, a battery thermal system and a cabin thermal system; and

(c) determining if the overall requested power exceeds the overall available power, and if the overall requested power does exceed the overall available power then distributing the overall available power to the plurality of vehicle systems including the high voltage battery unit, the battery thermal system and the cabin thermal system all located within the same plug-in electric vehicle, wherein the amount of power that is distributed to each of the high voltage battery unit, the battery thermal system and the cabin thermal system is influenced by a predetermined priority and/or a current vehicle condition and is designed to charge the high voltage battery quickly while also controlling thermal aspects of the high voltage battery and an interior cabin of the plug-in electric vehicle.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein if the overall requested power does not exceed the overall available power, then step (c) further comprises providing the plurality of vehicle systems with the power that they requested.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein if the overall requested power does exceed the overall available power, then step (c) further comprises determining an individual modified power for each of the plurality of vehicle systems, wherein the process for determining the individual modified power comprises the steps of:

(i) assigning a first weighted value to each of the plurality of vehicle systems, wherein the first weighted value is influenced by one or more predetermined priorities; and

(ii) assigning a second weighted value to each of the plurality of vehicle systems, wherein the second weighted value is influenced by one or more current vehicle conditions.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the process for determining the individual modified power for each of the plurality of vehicle systems further comprises multiplying the first and second weighted values together.

16. A method for charging a plug-in electric vehicle with an external power source, comprising the steps of:

(a) determining an overall available power that is available from the external power source;

(b) determining an overall requested power that is requested by a plurality of vehicle systems, wherein the plurality of vehicle systems includes a high voltage battery unit and a battery thermal system; and

(c) determining if the overall requested power exceeds the overall available power, and if the overall requested power does exceed the overall available power then distributing the overall available power to the plurality of vehicle systems, wherein the amount of power that is distributed to each of the plurality of vehicle systems is influenced by a predetermined priority and/or a current vehicle condition according to an allocation method that includes the steps of;

(i) determining an individual modified power for each of the plurality of vehicle systems;

(ii) adding together the individual modified powers for the plurality of vehicle systems to determine an overall modified power; and

(iii) using the individual modified power for each of the plurality of vehicle systems and the overall modified power to determine how much power each of the plurality of vehicle systems is to receive from the external power source.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein step (iii) further comprises dividing each of the individual modified powers by the overall modified power to determine a modified power portion for each of the plurality of vehicle systems, and multiplying each of the modified power portions by the overall available power to determine how much power each of the plurality of vehicle systems is to receive from the external power source.