High voltage power line multi-sensor system

• US 8,767,071 B1
• Filed: 03/03/2011
• Issued: 07/01/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 03/03/2011
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: US Department of The Air Force (U.S. Department Of Defense)
• Original Assignee: United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force
• Inventors: Marshall, Patrick
• Primary Examiner(s): Kelley, Christopher S
• Assistant Examiner(s): FINDLEY, CHRISTOPHER G
• Application Number:
  US13/039,597
• Time in Patent Office: 1,216 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 348/144
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 19/00 Alarms responsive to two or more different undesired or abnormal conditions, e.g. burglary and fire, abnormal temperature and abnormal rate of flow
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 21/12 responsive to undesired emission of substances, e.g. pollution alarms
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 29/181 due to failing power supply
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 11/00 Circuit arrangements for providing service supply to auxiliaries of stations in which electric power is generated, distributed or converted
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/005 Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/402 the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00308 Overvoltage protection
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/18 Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast

Abstract

A multi-sensor system can be attached to a high voltage power line, draw power from the power line inductively, and convert the power to lower voltages and direct currents for operating cameras, sensors, a processor, and communications equipment that provide persistent intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance capabilities. The multi-sensor system can detect and track targets in detection regions and transmit such detection data and other data from the camera and sensors to a remote operator who can initiate response actions and send control instructions to the multi-sensor system from the remote location.

Claims

1. A multi-sensor system comprising:

a latching mechanism that includes a stationary core, a movable core, a stationary core housing attached to the stationary core, a movable core housing attached to the movable core, and an actuator connected to the stationary core housing and the movable core housing, wherein the stationary core housing is movably attached to the movable core housing and the actuator can be operated to move the movable core toward the stationary core for securing the multi-sensor system to a power line so that the stationary core and/or the movable core can draw electrical power from the power line inductively; and

a sensor housing connected to the latching mechanism wherein the sensor housing houses a camera and one or more sensors, a communications device for transmitting data to and receiving control information from a remote location via a communications network, a processor for controlling the camera, sensors, and communications device, and a power system for converting electrical energy drawn inductively from the power line to a lower voltage direct current for powering the camera, sensors, communications device, and processor;

wherein the stationary core of the movable core includes two or more secondary coil windings, each of which secondary coil windings outputs a different secondary voltage for powering the camera, sensors, processor, and communications device in the sensor housing; and

the system includes a switch for shorting a connection between the secondary core windings and the power system so the movable core can be moved away from the stationary core via the actuator.

2. The multi-sensor system of claim 1, wherein the power line has a voltage in a range of less than about 100 kV and further wherein the sensor housing includes a battery for storing electrical energy produced by the power system for powering the camera, sensors, processor, and communications device.

3. The multi-sensor system of claim 1, wherein the stationary core and the movable core each include a longitudinal inner channel and the stationary core housing and the movable core housing include cutouts that are aligned with the inner channels of the stationary core and the movable core and engage the power line to position the power line within the inner channels of the stationary and the movable cores when the multi-sensor system is mounted to the power line.

4. The multi-sensor system of claim 3, wherein the sensor housing is filled with nitrogen to prevent fogging of the sensor housing.

5. The multi-sensor system of claim 1, wherein the camera includes a target detection and tracking system that automatically identifies targets of interest according to user-specified criteria in selected detection regions and tracks those targets while notifying an operator at a remote location of the detection and tracking activity.

6. The multi-sensor system of claim 1, wherein the camera comprises one or more of a CCD, infrared, or night vision camera and may include a microphone and speaker for two-way communication and detection of audio events, and the sensors comprise one or more of a vibration, magnetic, acoustic, metal, nuclear, chemical, biological, infrared, heat, motion, or sound sensor and further wherein the system can transmit data obtained by the camera, microphone, and sensors to a remote location via a cellular, satellite, or other communications network.

7. The multi-sensor system of claim 1, wherein the communications device comprises a cellular modem, cellular telephone, satellite link, or other communications device that enables communications over a cellular, satellite, or other communications network that is accessible by the system and that can be accessed from a remote location.

8. The multi-sensor system of claim 1, wherein the multi-sensor system provides persistent intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance for days, months, or years and can comprise multiple multi-sensor systems that are networked together and communication with a remote location via a communications network and further wherein the systems can be designed to appear as power line equipment such as transformers and insulators.

9. The multi-sensor system of claim 1, wherein the camera and sensors provide infrared detection capability, night vision, two-way audio, panning, tilting, and zooming vision features, and vibration, magnetic, acoustic, metal nuclear, biological, heat, motion, sound, and combinations thereof.

10. The multi-sensor system of claim 1, wherein the stationary core and the movable core include core faces that are covered with a layer of electrically-conductive material and inserted into rubber boots.

11. The multi-sensor system of claim 1, wherein the power system converts electrical energy drawn inductively from the power line into two or more lower voltage direct currents for powering the camera, sensors, processor, and communications device in the sensor housing.

12. The multi-sensor system of claim 1, further comprising metal oxide varistors that are inserted between terminals of each secondary coil winding to provide over-voltage protection.

13. A method of providing persistent intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance comprises:

attaching the multi-sensor system of claim 1 to a power line;

drawing electrical power from the power line inductively;

converting the electrical power from the power line to a lower voltage direct current; and

powering a camera, sensors, a processor, and communications equipment to provide persistent intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance for up to 24 hours a day, seven days a week, and 365 days a year within the area around the multi-sensor system;

the method further comprising the steps of sensing activities and events in a region around the multi-sensor system, detecting and tracking targets, and transmitting the results of the sensing activities and the detecting and tracking activities to a remote location via the communications network for analysis; and

wherein the step of detecting targets includes the steps of designating detection regions for surveillance, recording the terrain and environment around each detection region to remove background noise, detecting targets at each detection region, adding targets to a new targets list, and transmitting the new target to at least a remote operator.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising the steps of transmitting data obtained by the camera and the sensors to a remote location via the communications equipment and a communications network and receiving control information from the remote location at the multi-sensor system to control areas of interest that are monitored by the system.

15. The method of claim 13, further comprising the step of storing the converted lower voltage direct current electrical energy in a battery or other storage device for later use in powering the camera, sensors, processor, and communications equipment.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of converting the electrical power to a lower voltage and direct current comprises converting the electrical power to more than one lower voltage direct currents to power the camera, sensors, processor, and communications equipment.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of tracking targets comprises the steps of predicting the target'"'"'s next location, tracking the target'"'"'s movement, updating the prediction of the target'"'"'s location, and continuing to track the target or dropping the target from the new targets list.